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Comparison of the position of the Romanian and Lithuanian Prime Ministers during the reigns of Presidents Klaus Iohannis and Dalia Grybauskaite
Karásková, Kristýna ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the comparison of the positions of the Prime Ministers of Romania and Lithuania during the reign of Presidents Klaus Iohannis and Dalia Grybauskaité. The work deals with the constitutional and practical position of the prime ministers of both countries. Both countries are part of the post-Soviet space and have gone through a democratic transition. At the same time, Romania and Lithuania are countries with a directly elected president and potentially fall into the category of semi-presidential regimes. The position of prime minister in these countries is specific due to the presence of a directly elected president. The work applied a comparative method, specifically a type of so-called contrast of contexts. This theory helps to understand a certain phenomenon through its context. The aim of the work is therefore to point out and understand the similarities and differences in the position of the prime minister, in practice and in the constitution, of these potentially semi-presidential countries. The work also points out to other institutional elements that prime ministers use to balance the presidential role. Attention is also paid to the phenomenon of cohabitation and the position of the prime minister in cohabitation with a non-party president.
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The Direct Presidential Election in the Czech Republic
Chmelíková, Tereza ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the problem of direct presidential election in the Czech Republic. The first part focuses on constitutional changes which are necessary for this to come into effect, including an insight of both the proponents and the opponents from the political and expert spheres. The author attempts to answer the question whether the depicted institutional change can lead to a significant modification of the Czech political system. The goal of the submitted thesis is a treatise about semi- presidentialism. That is a crucial section of the thesis and is based not only on studying the classic political literature (Duverger, Elgie, Sartori, Shugart) but on selected methods of measuring the presidential power as well. The last part of the thesis analyzes the activity of the new president in office during his first year after being elected. Key words: Semi-Presidentialism; Direct Presidential Election; Presidential Power; Czech Politics Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Paasikivi and Kekkonen - a strong position of Finnish presidents under the influence of the USSR
Placák, Václav ; Brunclík, Miloš (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Diploma thesis "Paasikivi and Kekkonen - a strong position of Finnish presidents under the influence of the USSR" examines the assumptions of the prestigious position of these presidents in Finnish politics. The underlying issue is the influence of the Soviet Union on the Paasikivi's and Kekkonen's policies. The theoretical premise of the thesis is the inclusion of Finnish among so-called semi-presidential systems. The Finnish Constitution of 1919 provided the President with considerable powers, for example making him a major figure for the foreign policy of the state. However, the arrival of Paasikivi and after him Kekkonen to the presidential office led to the strengthening of the presidential office. The personality of these politicians and their political vision, experience and practices had also a significant impact on this fact. Paasikivi and Kekkonen's policies were, however, very much connected with the friendship with the Soviets, so it is possible to monitor the Soviet influence on the position of Finnish presidents within the Finnish political system.
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Miloš Zeman Prime Minister and the President: continuity or change in opinion?
Hnízdil, Ivo ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyse opinions of Milos Zeman as the prime minister and as the president in similar political situations in three circuits, while selected issues closely touched the offices of the Prime Minister, or the President. Comparing these standpoints this paper concludes that Milos Zeman is not very consistent in his opinions. It seems that a change of his views is motivated by the current political profit and maximizing influence of the held constitutional post. Theoretical part of this paper characterizes the political system of the Czech Republic with emphasis on the necessary cooperation of concerned branches of state power. This allows readers the insight and the inclusion of individual standpoints of Milos Zeman to the realities of the practical functioning of the system. On this theoretical basis clearly stands out Milos Zeman's motivation to change viewpoint or stay in the former one.
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The Direct Presidential Election in the Czech Republic
Chmelíková, Tereza ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Koubek, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the problem of direct presidential election in the Czech Republic. The first part focuses on constitutional changes which are necessary for this to come into effect, including an insight of both the proponents and the opponents from the political and expert spheres. The author attempts to answer the question whether the depicted institutional change can lead to a significant modification of the Czech political system. The goal of the submitted thesis is a treatise about semi- presidentialism. That is a crucial section of the thesis and is based not only on studying the classic political literature (Duverger, Elgie, Sartori, Shugart) but on selected methods of measuring the presidential power as well. The last part of the thesis analyzes the activity of the new president in office during his first year after being elected. Key words: Semi-Presidentialism; Direct Presidential Election; Presidential Power; Czech Politics Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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