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The 1923 Chinese Debate on Science and the Philosophy of Life
Švarný, Michal ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
The Debate on Science and the Philosophy of life, which took place on the pages of several important journals in China during the year 1923, is an important witness to the evolution of the Chinese way of thinking. At this period, the Chinese society critically reflected upon its traditional culture and on the influences from the western civilization. Therefore many significant Chinese scientists, philosophers and journalists took part in this debate. This text's aims are the following: to create a concise report about the debate, its context, process and the evolution of its perception in the later periods in China or elsewhere and also to present in more detail three the topics that are significant for the whole debate. These topics can be used to investigate the variety of views among the debate's participants. The three topics covered are: (1) the concept of metaphysics, (2) free will and causality with regards to morality, and (3) education. The investigation of these topics allows us also to critically reflect upon the usual perception of the debate as a whole. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Role of the Duli pinglun Magazine in the Chinese Medicine Controversies
Klenerová, Alena ; Hudeček, Jiří (advisor) ; Lomová, Olga (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the discussion about Chinese and Western Medicine in the Duli pinglun Magazine (獨立評論) in the year of 1934. Its main purpose is to introduce the lines of reasoning of its participants. The thesis introduces general historical and philosophical background crucial for the formation of the discussion about Chinese and Wester Medicine in 1930s. It describes the situation of Chinese medicine in China from the late imperial period to so called Nanjing Decade (1928-1937). It describes the discussion in the context of the intellectual discussion about social Darwinism, national essence, cultural iconoclasm and science and scientism. It introduces selected basic characteristics of Chinese Medicine crucial for the understanding of this discussion. The main actor of the discussion, Fu Sinian 傅斯年 (1896-1950), and the Duli pinglun Magazine itself are introduced here. The thesis focuses also on the first phase of the discussion, which was held in the Da gongbao Magazine 大公報. Main intellectual tendencies of the discussion about Chinese and Wester Medicine during this period were revealed through the analysis of the discussion. The results of this work cover the area of the Chinese and Wester Medicine discussion which has not been separately elaborated yet. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Cultural and spiritual crisis of Europe
ARBET, Petr
The basic attribute of the work is remind of cultural and spiritual root of Europe, because it?s time for Europe to realize it?s legacy in a position, where there is a deep cultural, economic and especially spiritual crisis. Europe stands on unique legacy of archaic Greece, Christianity and scientific-technical revolution. The work looks for wide psychological perspective. In the end we are trying to find a way to route the unique human energy.
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Theory of spontaneous order in social and natural sciences
Beník, Miroslav ; Pavlík, Ján (advisor) ; Vaverka, Tomáš (referee)
On the present, a theory of spontaneous order is organized set of knowledges applicable in biology, cognitive sciences, through sociology, psychology, jurisprudence to the economics. This interdisciplinary outstroke of the theory of spontaneous order deserve to investigate genesis of its fundamental thoughts and thesis. Purpose of the composition work is to clarify forming the theory of spontaneous order in social sciences and its reception in natural sciences, also a later mutual relationship between socioscientific and naturalistic processes of self-organization.
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