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The Rise of Populism in Germany and Austria. A Comparison of Political Programmes of AfD and FPÖ.
Ježková, Simona ; Mejstřík, Martin (advisor) ; Konrád, Ota (referee)
This thesis deals with the phenomena of Austrian and German populism that is represented by two political parties - Freedom Party of Austria (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, FPÖ) and Alternative for Germany (Alternative für Deutschland, AfD). The work focuses mainly on political manifestos that were published in the run up to the elections to German Bundestag and Austrian National Council that were held in July and September 2017. For the both of the parties the elections in 2017 meant a significant success and a rise of votes. While Freedom Party of Austria is an established part of National Council, Alternative for Germany managed for the time the 5 % electoral threshold which is required to become entitled in the Bundestag after being established in 2013. The main aim of this thesis is to analyse their manifestos and decide whether the anti-establishment positions, xenophobic and racist narratives and the emphasis on traditional values are included. Firstly, the theoretical part explains the term of populism, its characteristics and define the examined thematic fields. Subsequently, the analyse focuses on the content of the programmes and their comparison. The result of the research shows that both parties can be definitely described as populistic and that all searched fields are included....
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Transformation of the National Front under the leadership of Marine Le Pen
Košlíková, Martina ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis Transformation of the National Front under the leadership of M. Le Pen discusses the influence of the new chairwoman on political party. Thesis deals with the far-right National Front in context of both political and partial systems of the Fifth republic in the background of historical development of far-right parties. Work aims to uphold the hypothesis that in the life of political parties play an important role its leader, who influences the transformation of the political party and to map the current activities of M. Le Pen, who replaced her father, J.-M. Le Pen, after nearly four decades at the leader post. Replacing the leader represented a significant step in history of party as it was for a long time strongly personified with the person of J.-M. Le Pen, who managed to lead the party, despite its internal diversity. New chairwoman, who, unlike her father has no emphasis on the memories of the past, which was the World War II, the Vichy Regime and French Algeria, tries to modernize the party for a new generation of voters. With the entry of M. Le Pen at the head of the National Front there were tendencies to interpret the change of leader as a beginning of the new era of the new type of political party what was supported by the rhetoric of the new President. The work is...
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