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The role of alternative splicing in plants
Földi, Marek ; Klodová, Božena (advisor) ; Fischer, Lukáš (referee)
Alternative splicing is a mechanism of gene expression regulation that maintains, regulates, and creates genomic diversity and tissue specificity in plants. It involves the differential joining of exons in precursor mRNAs, leading to multiple mRNA isoforms from a single gene. The formation of these isoform variants and their subsequent translation leads to subfunctionalization of proteins, generating diversity in structure and function. Therefore, alternative splicing is often important in various biological processes in plants, such as development, stress response, immunity, and reproduction. Key types of alternative splicing events include intron retention, exon skipping, alternative 5'/3' splice sites, and mutually exclusive exons. Regulation of alternative splicing involves cis-regulatory elements and trans- acting protein factors such as serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs). This thesis aims to summarise the mechanisms and consequences of alternative splicing in plant development, including maturation of male and female gametophytes, meiosis, stress, and cell differentiation. It also describes methodological approaches that allow for a genome-wide study of alternative splicing, including microarrays, RNA-seq, and PCR. A better understanding of...
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Analýza zátěže a zvuku na pracovišti
Vyroubal, Jiří
Technological progress have gradually affected all aspects of human life, and it hit also the wood processing. Newly introduced methods and technologies have brought a reduction of onerous, increasing productivity and entirely new risks arising from the operation of innovative woodworking techniques. This work deals with just one of a number of risks arising from work with wood and it’s subject is a noise that is inherent in the use of technology. Short and also a long term noise exposure negative effects the human body and it can cause irreversible damage or even death. This work is focused on the effect of exposure to noise when working with Circular Saw with emphasis on the physiology and human psychology with regard to occupational safety and health. The thesis also analyzes the stress in the workplace, stress, emerging and potential physiological and mental reactions to it. The work results during physiological functions of the persons who attended the measuring apparatus using Biofeedback 2000 x-pert for exposure acoustic stimuli.
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An Understanding of Transgenerational Transmission in a Family from a Perspective of Middle-Aged Individuals
Tanzerová, Adéla ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Viktorová, Ida (referee)
This rigorous thesis focusses on transgenerational transmission and the repeated themes of family memory from the perspective of middle-aged individuals. It is based on the master's thesis called Posttraumatic stress and growth in holocaust survivors and their families. Firstly, the theoretical part defines the terms 'stress', 'trauma' and 'posttraumatic growth'. Afterwards, attention is brought to the historical perspective on traumatic events of the 20th century which deeply affected the lives of respondents (the Second World War, the period of communism) and the topic of transgenerational transmission in the family narrative. The empirical component of the thesis is based on quantitative and qualitative research. The first part is dedicated to the mapping of specific aspects of posttraumatic stress and growth in Holocaust survivors and their offspring (N = 150, data collected by CEITEC). In accordance with other studies, the thesis concludes that Holocaust survivors and their offspring have higher levels of posttraumatic stress and growth and that linear dependence exists between these two phenomena. By contrast, the qualitative research (N = 21) was focused on the transgenerational transmission in the family memory: namely the topics of family roles and functioning as well as subjects such as...
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Posttraumatic stress and growth in holocaust survivors and their families
Tanzerová, Adéla ; Preiss, Marek (advisor) ; Juríčková, Veronika (referee)
This master's thesis focusses on long-term effects of the Holocaust on the generation of survivors as well as on their offspring. Firstly, the theoretical part defines the terms 'stress' and 'trauma'. This is followed by an outline of possible reactions to severely stressful situations as well as questionnaires that can be used to measure the levels of traumatization. Afterwards, attention is focused on the phenomenon of posttraumatic growth, mainly based on the perspectives of L. G. Calhoun and R. G. Tedeschi who identify five domains of growth. The possibility of facilitating posttraumatic growth is briefly mentioned alongside with one inventory that can be used to measure the extent of positive change following traumatic experiences. Furthermore, the complexity of the Holocaust is discussed and generations of the Holocaust survivors and their offspring are characterised. In conclusion, attention is drawn to the studies that are concerned with the transgenerational transmission of trauma. The empirical component of the thesis is dedicated to the mapping of specific aspects of posttraumatic stress and growth in Holocaust survivors and their offspring. This data was collected by using a PTSD CheckList (PCL-C) and a Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and afterwards was processed by quantitative...
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Reaction of Soil Rotifers on Chemical Stress in Substrates of Spoil Heaps
BIZOS, Jiří
Abundance and species composition of soil rotifer communities was investigated in two seasons and six sites on dumps in the Sokolov mining area (Czech Republic). Every site was split into three plots, which differed in toxicity for vegetation and chemical composition of spoil material. The ability of soil rotifers to live in environment of spoil materials and the effect of pollution were studied in field conditions. According to results, abundance and species composition did not correspond to chemical environmental characteristics. Species composition of rotifer communities was affected by environmental variables such as vegetation, more likely than direct effect of chemical composition of spoil material.
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