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Immigrants or Refugees: A New Type of Exodus from Mexico to the United States
Kamal, Tereza ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Toth, Gyorgy (referee)
Apart from trade and drug control, immigration is one of the three major issues affecting U.S. - Mexican relations. The U.S. today has more immigrants from Mexico alone than any other country in the world has from all other countries of the world. The scale of this human movement, the persistence and the large proportion of the unauthorized low skilled migrants, which dominated this flow for decades, make Mexican migration unique. The decision to migrate North has always been driven by economic motives; the prospect of higher wages and a better living standard have been the main push factors, until recently. Since 2007/2008 there has been a significant change in the character of Mexican migration. This can be attributed to several factors influencing the process at once, but the primary reason is the escalation of drug related violence on the Mexican side of the border. The focus of my thesis is to analyze the transformation of Mexican migration since 2007/2008. I argue these years have been a turning point in the dynamics of migration for two reasons. Firstly, in 2007 the American economy turned into recession, which significantly affected the flow of unauthorized migration. Secondly, in 2008 the drug related violence in Mexico spiked dramatically. This had a deterrent effect on the unauthorized...
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The issue of illegal migration and various approaches to its solution
PROCHÁZKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis deals with the issue of illegal migration in the Czech Republic and various approaches to its solution. First of all, it provides a complex survey of the problem. It views the problem in the context of international migration, labor migration and the legislative framework of the Czech Republic, as regards its relation to foreigners. The goal is to compare and evaluate individual possibilities of dealing with illegal migration from the point of view of governmental and non-governmental institutions, and to propose an optimal solution. The thesis presents indepth interviews with representatives of seven different institutions. It turns out that particular solutions of illegal migration can not be separated, rather they must be viewed in the context of all other solutions. The priorities of the fight with illegal migration are the following: cooperation with countries of origin, enlightenment of both, potential immigrants as well as their potential employers, getting rid of ``push{\crqq} factors in countries of origin, and elimination of the main ``pull{\crqq} factor which is the possibility of getting an illegal job in the target country. The main output of my thesis research is pinpointing recommendations and conclusions which should be considered when looking for an optimal solution to the issue of illegal migration. I also present a few hypotheses for further research. When looking for an optimal solution the crucial task is played by the high-quality discussion on both levels, the professional as well as the public one. I suppose that this work has enhanced such discussion, furthermore, it can enhance such debate in the future too.
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