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Dispute over the appointment of Jan Lipavský as Minister of Foreign Affairs
Viktorinová, Anna ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
The Bachelor thesis focuses on the dispute over the appointment of Jan Lipavský as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic between the President Miloš Zeman and the designated Prime Minister Petr Fiala in December 2021. This case is put into a context of similar previous events during the presidency of Václav Havel and Václav Klaus. The aim of this thesis is to examine the argumentation behind Zeman's previous rejections or objections to the nominated ministers. Also, it is focused on describing the main types of argumentations and the way in which the last case of rejection of the Czech Pirate Party nominee Lipavský responds to them. It is through both broader and narrower contexts that this thesis explores Zeman's justification for the refusal of this candidate. The research shows that Zeman's reasoning in this case mostly corresponds to the main types of his previous argumentations. This thesis also deals in detail with the process leading to the appointment of Jan Lipavský and the government of Petr Fiala. It includes both the professional political-science and constitutional-legal discussion, as well as the public discussion which arose from Zeman's refusal to appoint Lipavský and mostly disagreed with his move. Keywords President, Miloš Zeman, presidential powers, Prime Minister,...
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Emergency Powers as a part of presidential powers
Antonínová, Aneta ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Hudec, Jiří (referee)
The President of the United States has numerous powers. Many of them are explicitly granted by the Constitution or delegated by the Congress, however as the presidential office developed over the time, many of the presidents started to adopt inherent powers. Their legitimacy comes from president's position as the head of the executive branch. The subject of this thesis, emergency powers, is one counted as one of the inherent powers. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the use of emergency powers by presidents and to inspect their controversial aspects that come from their problematic nature and uncertain position within the American political system, especially in relation to other branches of the government, notably the Congress and the Supreme Court.
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Comparison of the Position of the President in the Political System of the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany
Krautová, Tereza Rozalie ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
The thesis addresses the comparison of the position of presidents in the political system of the Weimar Republic and the Federal Republic of Germany. With the adoption of the Basic Law in 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany built the presidency on a completely new foundation. The main goal of this work is to find out why the role of the president in the political system of Germany is only representative. A comparative case study is used in this work. The position of the presidents in the Weimar Republic and Germany is viewed from several positions. The introductory chapter contains a general classification of political systems (semi-presidentialism and parliamentarism) and the position of the president in these political systems. The following chapter deals with the historical context, specifically the establishment of presidential offices in both countries. The key chapters of the thesis are focused on the role of the presidents of the Weimar Republic and BRD from a constitutional point of view and later from a practical point of view. When looking for answers to a research question, it is very important to focus not only on anchoring the head of state in the constitutions of republics, but also to analyze the practice of the presidency, which may be different and move the political system in another...
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The Growth of Presidential Powers During the Incumbency of Mary Robinson
Kolářová, Karolina ; Gelnarová, Jitka (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
This thesis deals with changes in the presidential office in Ireland during the presidency of Mary Robinson between 1990-1997. The presidential office holds very few powers and it has been always perceived more as ceremonial and symbolic function. Robinson had been very active during her reign since the beginning, thus breaking the precedence given by former presidents. The goal of this thesis is to define both, particular tools and mechanisms which Robinson had used to transform the nature of the office. Moreover, the thesis aims to examine whether Robinson stayed within the constitutional boundaries. My hypothesis states, that main tools which Robinson used to transform the presidency, are the different forms of activism. The first part the research focuses on the analysis of the constitutional development of presidential office as well as the powers of president listed in the constitution. Further, in the thesis, I focused on Robinson's activity not only during her presidency but also on the prior period as the presidential campaign or Robinson's professional career. This is important to define particular tools and mechanisms which Robinson used to change the presidency. The main findings of my thesis reveal the tools which Robinson used to transform the office - activism and symbolism. Both of...
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Emergency Powers as a part of presidential powers
Antonínová, Aneta ; Kotábová, Věra (advisor) ; Hudec, Jiří (referee)
The President of the United States has numerous powers. Many of them are explicitly granted by the Constitution or delegated by the Congress, however as the presidential office developed over the time, many of the presidents started to adopt inherent powers. Their legitimacy comes from president's position as the head of the executive branch. The subject of this thesis, emergency powers, is one counted as one of the inherent powers. The goal of this thesis is to analyze the use of emergency powers by presidents and to inspect their controversial aspects that come from their problematic nature and uncertain position within the American political system, especially in relation to other branches of the government, notably the Congress and the Supreme Court.
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Comparative analysis of Czech and French constitutional regulation of the Presidency and analysis of relevant legal terminology
BLAŽKOVÁ, Kateřina
The primary goal of this work is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the French president has, in the contemporary constitutional framework, a stronger position than the Czech one. Its secondary goal is to define and specify the relevant terminology of this field of law. This work is divided into four chapters. The first two describe the presidential institution from three different points of view: the creation of their mandates, the mandates themselves and presidential powers. The first one discusses the situation in the Czech Republic; the second in France. The third and principal chapter of this work is dedicated to the comparison of the Czech and the French presidential institution. We compare them to the same viewpoints as described in chapters one and two. The fourth and final chapter analyses the language used in this field of French law, especially with regards to Czech translations. A non-exhaustive glossary of French-Czech vocabulary used in the work can be found at the end of this chapter. The work concludes with a French résumé.
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