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Awareness of the risk of paracetamol intoxication in the lay and professional population
HAVELKOVÁ, Barbora
The bachelor's thesis addresses awareness of the risks of paracetamol intoxication in the lay and professional population. Paracetamol is a very popular over-the-market drug. However, few are aware of the risks associated with improper use. At the same time, the thesis examines the knowledge and opinions of general nurses in the area of proper use of drugs containing paracetamol, the education of patients, and increasing competencies in the prescription of over-the-counter drugs. The theoretical part describes the issue of paracetamol intoxication, the group of drugs in which paracetamol is found, and, last but not least, the increase in competencies of the aforementioned prescription of over-the-market drugs, both in the Czech Republic and abroad. The objectives of the thesis were achieved by combining quantitative and qualitative research surveys. The quantitative investigation was carried out in the form of online questionnaires intended for the public. The qualitative investigation conducted a semi-structured interview with nurses working both in the hospital and in the ambulate sphere. The semi-structured interview mapped nurses' knowledge of the risks of paracetamol intoxication and views on increasing competencies in prescribing free medications. The results of the research survey show that the professional population (nurses) are oriented towards the risks of intoxication with paracetamol. Although the lay population does not know the recommended maximum daily dose of paracetamol, it knows the drugs that contain paracetamol.
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The role of nurse in the pharmacotherapy team
Hašková, Martina ; Heczková, Jana (advisor) ; Jeřábková, Lenka (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with current pharmacotherapeutic care with a focus on activities that nurses take part in. The aim was to collect and evaluate the views and experiences of selected nurses regarding their role in pharmacotherapy team, particularly what activities they perform in such team and how their pharmacotherapy teams work in general. SWOT analysis was then used firstly to evaluate the current role of nurses and secondly to suggest a way of implementation of possible extension of nurses' competencies in pharmacotherapy. In order to collect the required data, semi-structured interviews were conducted. These were recorded, so they could be easily processed afterwards. During transcription of the interviews into written text, all the collected data was briefly analysed. The data was further analysed using the open coding method, when three main categories with specific subcategories and subcodes were identified. All the selected men and women, which were asked for cooperation, are people working as a nurse without supervision and mentoring. Based on their career history all of them were expected to have a more specific experience with the issue. The respondents were mainly nurses with long-term working experience, often working in middle or senior management. When selecting the future...
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Ortographic reforms in norwegian focused on bokmål reform in 2005
Vedralová, Iva ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Dubec, Pavel (referee)
In this thesis the author deals with the issue of language reform of Norwegian in the 20th century, especially bokmål form, and the current language situation. It is focused on the reform of 2005, which is thoroughly described. Based on this description the author argues against the effects of reform and makes suggestions for resolving the further progress of Norwegian orthography both in terms of language users and students with Norwegian as a foreign language. The result of this thesis is a description of the linguistic situation in Norway after the reform in 2005.
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Nutrition of patients in a geriatric departments
ARNOŠTOVÁ, Zuzana
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to the nutrition of patients in geriatric wards. The theoretical part is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter explains the term "geriatric patient", the second chapter describes the physiological and biochemical changes and use of nutrients in old age. The third chapter deals with prescription drugs in old age, the fourth chapter nutrition of geriatric patients and the fifth chapter is devoted to nutrition disorders in old age. The practical part is divided into two parts. The first part is the quantitative research which was done in three hospitals in aftercare departments via questionnaire. The questionnaire focused on patient satisfaction with meals, the quality and quantity of food and drinking regime. The research group consisted of patients in geriatric wards at the age over 60 years. There were distributed 61 questionnaires and their total return was 100%. The second part evaluates a specific menu which was provided by Hospital in Písek. Standard portions in the menu were evaluated in the "Nutriservis Profesional", they were calculated: energy intake, protein, carbohydrates, fat and fiber. Results of energy intake and nutrient value of the menu were compared with diet recommendations for the people older than 65 years given by the literature "Reference values for nutrient uptake, 2011". There were laid down three objectives. The first objective is to describe the level of catering in geriatric wards in terms of quantity and quality of the food. The second objective is to determine whether patients at geriatric wards adequately comply fluid intake. The third objective is the satisfaction of geriatric patients with catering at geriatric wards. The catering in terms of quantity and quality is optimum. According to the survey and also evaluation of the menu, the portion size of main dishes is excessive, but the meals are served only 3 times a day. According to the survey, more than half of the patients eat only half portions, thereby decreasing energy and nutrients intake, therefore providing snacks would be the appropriate solution. Regarding the quality of food, it would be advisable to diversify the menu and include foods from all quadrants of food pyramid. Drinking regime is optimum. Half of the patients complies drinking regime the other half of patients neglect the drinking regime. A possible solution for these patients is to increase controlling or supplement of drinking regime by own drinks. Half of the patients are satisfied with the catering, the other half would like to change the flavor of food, the problem is mainly seasoning. Patients in geriatric departments would welcome more information on catering and preparation of meals, and also a greater possibility to choose main dishes. This bachelor thesis might be used for making the information material, which could be used for better awareness of geriatric patients catering. The nutrition of geriatric patients is a hot topic and its importance should not be forgotten.
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The effectiveness of aids for incontinence patients in aftercare
MUSILOVÁ, Jana
This thesis deals with the effectiveness of use of aids intended for incontinent ill people in subsequent care. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and experience part. The experience part of the thesis has been implemented by means of qualitative research. The data have been obtained on the basis of two different half pen and paper interviews with patients/clients who are using incontinence aids prescribed by a doctor on a coupon or by a matron or a ward sister from the subsequent care department in hospitals with the state-funded organization and in hospitals with the joint-stock company organization. The result of the qualitative research showed, that both groups of respondents use mostly only plastic pants or nappies out of the whole assortment of aids. For patients/clients living at home the reason is that on the basis of anamnesis the general doctors prescribe the incontinence aids only in the most serious incontinence cases. At the subsequent care department the situation is caused by a big number of immobile fully incontinent patients/clients. The results show, that the quantity of absorb aids prescribed by general doctors is insufficient. It does not reach the quantity limits given in the documents by VZP (Public Health Insurance Company). Taking into consideration the low income of seniors, the respondents have to pay considerable amounts of money for incontinence aids which are necessary for them. There is an absolute lack of absorption aids in the hospital with the state funded organization. The incontinence aids are financed by three different ways. Patients/clients themselves have to get and pay the absorption aids at the Geriatrics department I and subsequent care department 2. The hospital provides them only with one-off mats and hygienic aids free of charge. The reason for this is a low limit of material. The respondents regard this system of financing negatively. It burdens patients/clients and nurses too. If patients/clients do not have the aids, the hospital has to lend the aids, make a list of debts and collects them back. On this account conflict situations often arise in families. At these departments there are reserved five social beds which enable patients/clients the prescription of aids by a doctor on a coupon likewise the patients who are ill and cure at home. At the stopgap department patients/clients pay a monthly fee; this includes the costs on incontinence aids too. At the subsequent care department 2A, B of the hospital with the join-stock company organization the aids are fully paid by the hospital. There is available a sufficient assortment and quantity of absorb and hygienic aids, which enable an individual attitude.
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