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Key factors in soil organic matter accumulation
Vindušková, Olga ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Borůvka, Luboš (referee) ; Šarapatka, Bořivoj (referee)
Soil organic matter (SOM) is highly important for soil quality and the global carbon cycle. SOM content is influenced by a complex interplay of many different factors such as time, climate, parent material, vegetation, and others. The effect of time is often studied using the chronosequence approach using a set of study sites differing in age but comparable in other soil-forming factors. The effect of other factors can be studied by comparing two or more chronosequences. An important assumption of these approaches is that the SOM quantification methods produce comparable results both among sites of each sequence and among different sequences. In this thesis, I explored the key factors in SOM accumulation and dealt with SOM quantification methods. I studied SOM accumulation in two model situations - in post-mining sites after open-cast coal and oil shale mining and in landslides in the Western Carpathians. The results of this thesis are summarized in one book chapter accepted for publication and four papers, out of which three have been published and one is prepared for publication in an international journal with impact factor. The key factor affecting the rate of SOM accumulation after a major disturbance is time. The accumulation rates found in the first 40 to 100 years in both post-mining sites...
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Key factors in soil organic matter accumulation
Vindušková, Olga
Soil organic matter (SOM) is highly important for soil quality and the global carbon cycle. SOM content is influenced by a complex interplay of many different factors such as time, climate, parent material, vegetation, and others. The effect of time is often studied using the chronosequence approach using a set of study sites differing in age but comparable in other soil-forming factors. The effect of other factors can be studied by comparing two or more chronosequences. An important assumption of these approaches is that the SOM quantification methods produce comparable results both among sites of each sequence and among different sequences. In this thesis, I explored the key factors in SOM accumulation and dealt with SOM quantification methods. I studied SOM accumulation in two model situations - in post-mining sites after open-cast coal and oil shale mining and in landslides in the Western Carpathians. The results of this thesis are summarized in one book chapter accepted for publication and four papers, out of which three have been published and one is prepared for publication in an international journal with impact factor. The key factor affecting the rate of SOM accumulation after a major disturbance is time. The accumulation rates found in the first 40 to 100 years in both post-mining sites...
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Využití přirozené sukcese v rekultivacích =: The Use of Natural Succession in Reclamation /
Botková, Kamila
This dissertation deals with the use of natural succession in reclamation practice in landscape restoration after surface mining of raw materials. In the context of landscape engineering, this is a complex issue which was generally addressed at three levels: ecological, technical and practical. The thesis is conceived as a set of own scientific publications, which are presented in a broader context and their conclusions generalized for the needs of possible use in practice. At the ecological level, the natural or controlled succession is an appropriate means of restoration at most habitats. The practical use is limited mainly by legislation on protection of agricultural land fund and land intended for the fulfilment of forest functions, demands and expectations of owners of land affected by mining, and also by ensuring long-term management of areas resulting from natural succession.
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Key factors in soil organic matter accumulation
Vindušková, Olga
Soil organic matter (SOM) is highly important for soil quality and the global carbon cycle. SOM content is influenced by a complex interplay of many different factors such as time, climate, parent material, vegetation, and others. The effect of time is often studied using the chronosequence approach using a set of study sites differing in age but comparable in other soil-forming factors. The effect of other factors can be studied by comparing two or more chronosequences. An important assumption of these approaches is that the SOM quantification methods produce comparable results both among sites of each sequence and among different sequences. In this thesis, I explored the key factors in SOM accumulation and dealt with SOM quantification methods. I studied SOM accumulation in two model situations - in post-mining sites after open-cast coal and oil shale mining and in landslides in the Western Carpathians. The results of this thesis are summarized in one book chapter accepted for publication and four papers, out of which three have been published and one is prepared for publication in an international journal with impact factor. The key factor affecting the rate of SOM accumulation after a major disturbance is time. The accumulation rates found in the first 40 to 100 years in both post-mining sites...
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Key factors in soil organic matter accumulation
Vindušková, Olga ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Borůvka, Luboš (referee) ; Šarapatka, Bořivoj (referee)
Soil organic matter (SOM) is highly important for soil quality and the global carbon cycle. SOM content is influenced by a complex interplay of many different factors such as time, climate, parent material, vegetation, and others. The effect of time is often studied using the chronosequence approach using a set of study sites differing in age but comparable in other soil-forming factors. The effect of other factors can be studied by comparing two or more chronosequences. An important assumption of these approaches is that the SOM quantification methods produce comparable results both among sites of each sequence and among different sequences. In this thesis, I explored the key factors in SOM accumulation and dealt with SOM quantification methods. I studied SOM accumulation in two model situations - in post-mining sites after open-cast coal and oil shale mining and in landslides in the Western Carpathians. The results of this thesis are summarized in one book chapter accepted for publication and four papers, out of which three have been published and one is prepared for publication in an international journal with impact factor. The key factor affecting the rate of SOM accumulation after a major disturbance is time. The accumulation rates found in the first 40 to 100 years in both post-mining sites...
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Case Study reclamation of the quarry Silvestr in the Sokolov, or the path from the quarry to golf
Barteková, Petra ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Říha, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of public participation in deciding activities of reclamation. I chose former quarry Silvester near Dolni Rychnov as my research area. This area was transformed into eighteen-holes golf grounds and wood grounds with sport and relax stuff during reclamation work. This thesis consist of theoretical, methodological and empirical section. Theoretical section introduce basic concept of recultivation, law regulating recultivation, conservation, restoration ecology as scientic field and last but not least Sokolov region as region with long tradition of recultivation. The Methodological part describes methods of practical research, which is essential part of this thesis. The Empirical section introduce results of my research. Key words: reclamation, opencast coal-mining, restauration ekology, nature conservation, reclamation project, expert interview, questionnaire
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Comparison of water beetles fauna between forefield and reclamation of the landscape affected by mining
Vostalová, Adéla ; Vrabec, Vladimír (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
The issue of redress anthropogenic interference with the landscape is one of the discussed topics today not only in professional groups but also among the public, because mineral mining takes place in many places in the Czech Republic. More and more are beginning to promote nearnatural methods of renewal at the expense of recently prevalent technical reclamation. Except for question, how the exhausted places reuse or renew also researches, how the whole process has an impact on the local fauna and flora.
The aim of this thesis was a qualitative comparison of water beetles among the forefield Bílina Mine and reclamation dumps Radovesice and Pokrok in North Bohemia province. It was evaluated 16 reservoirs in forefield and 15 reservois of dumps. A total of 36 taxa were found from which 19 were determined only at the species level. The most of taxa were located at post R9 in the forefield, at 4 locations there were none of them. The most abundant was genus Haliplus.
The collection took place using standard hydrobiological sampling by sieve. The material was preserved in alcohol, then separated, prepared and finally determined. The obtained data were evaluated and compared using the Jaccards index of similarity.
It was tested hypothesis: Due to the good dispersion ability of water beetle is representation of species in the forefield the same as constitution of species in the newly ponds at reclamations. Calculation Jaccard index between locations of forefield and dump reached the highest value of similarity 66,7 %, but over of the value 50% moved only in 7 cases out of 465 possible combinations, thereby hypothesis was disproved.
Found species were also evaluated from point of view conservation status according to the Red list of threatened species in the Czech Republic. This way was detected only one species, Laccophilus poecilus, falling into the category VU vulnerable. The determination must be examined.
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Comparison of water bugs fauna in the landscape affected by mining in year 2016
Bubeníková, Jitka ; Vrabec, Vladimír (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
The thesis compares the composition of water bugs fauna in the foreland of Bílina surface mine and the reclaimed area of its waste heaps. The first part provides information about surface coal mining, its impact on the environment and the methods of treatment of thus disturbed land through reclamation and succession. Fauna of water bugs (Heteroptera) is characterized, with focus on water bugs from Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha infraorders.
During 2016, water bugs were collected by a sieve in 15 locations of the reclaimed area of Radovesice waste dump and Pokrok waste dump, and in 16 locations of Bílina foreground. Bugs were killed by 75% alcohol on the site and in dry condition categorised and classified. A list of found species was prepared for individual tanks. In total, 26 taxa were found (21 of them were classified as species), of which 18 taxa (14 species) in the foreground and 17 taxa (14 species) in the area of the waste heaps. In the richest habitats, an occurrence of 7 species at most was detected. The most frequently represented species was Nepa cinerea which was found in 9 locations.
The main objective of the thesis was to confirm/refute the hypothesis: Due to the good dispersion capability of water bugs, the representation of species in the foreland is the same as the species composition in the tanks that were newly established in the reclaimed area. The species similarity of individual locations was compared with each other by Jaccard's environmental index. Often, the value was 0% and only a small number of pairs of the compared locations reached the value of approximately 50% of the Jaccard's index. The highest value of 71.4% was found during comparison of locations Syčivka-Hetov in the area of Radovesice waste dump. Although the same number (14) of species of water bugs was recorded in the foreground and in the reclaimed area of Bílina surface mine, a significant difference was observed in their species composition. The species similarity of the two designated areas was only 33.3%. Based on the results, the hypothesis was refuted.
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Geological Survey and Archaeogeophysical Prospection at Historical Silver Mining Sites Located in Routes of Linear Buildings in the Czech Republic
Hašek, Vladimír ; Krajíc, R. ; Ondra, K.
Projected roads in the Czech Republic often cross areas affected by previous intensive mining of precious metals (gold, silver), the ground and underground mining has left behing a range of relics in form of various morphological depressions, occasionally folloved by relict of other objects linked to mining. In order to prevent emergence situations a complex of geophysical methods and drilling works is employed. This complex is an integral part of both geological research and rescue archeological research in these region. In order to demonstrate the practical usage of the disciplines mentioned above, we describe the prospection of highway route D between Mezno and Chotoviny in Tábor district, and ringroad I/38 in Jihlava.
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