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Postnatální změny ledvin králíka
ROČEŇOVÁ, Adéla
The kidneys are the main excretory organ that completes morphological and functional development in a species-different postnatal period of an individual's life. This bachelor thesis dealt with morphometric and histological changes in the kidneys of rabbits. The study included 42 New Zealand white rabbits at the age of 0, 5, 10, 14, 19, 27, 32 days. During this period, the length, width and weight of the kidneys and histological changes were determined, and at the age of 14, 19, 27, 32 days also the length, width, area and number of renal corpusles. In newborn rabbits, the average kidneys length was 9.75+-0.66 mm and the width was 5.88+-0.78 mm. Over 32 days, length increased by 117.44% (21.2+-1.71 mm) and width by 144.90 % (14.4+-1.61 mm). The most significant increase in kidneys length and width occurred in the first 19 days of life (length 110.26 %, width 144.56 %). The average kidneys weight of the newborn rabbit was 0.25+-0.03 g and 2.40+-0.83 g on day 32. A nephrogenic zone and nephrons type I and II were observed in the kidneys up to 10 days of age. By day 19, nephrons type III were present. The onset of marrow differentiation into inner and outer zones was noted at 10 days and at 14 days the zones were fully distinguishable. In 14-day-old individuals, the average length of renal corpusles was 55.10+-6.32 um, width 67.51+-8.91 um and area 3125.25+-778.99 um2. In 32 days, the length reached 76.90+-6.26 um, the width 93.96+-6.10 um and the area 5963.06+-851.05 um2. High correlation coefficients ranging from 0.886 to 0.972 were found between body weight and renal morphometric parameters. High correlation coefficients were found also between the weight of the kidneys and the morphometric parameters of the renal corpuscles. A negative coefficient was found between the area and the number of renal corpuscles (rxy = -0.997).
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The role of the m6A pathway in the regulation of brain ontogenesis in the rat
Tabáková, Petra ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Holzerová, Kristýna (referee)
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most ubiquitous post-transcriptional RNA modification and has an important role in determining the fate of mRNA transcripts. Among the key proteins of the m6A pathway are methyltransferases (METTL family enzymes), demethylases (FTO, ALKBH family enzymes), and m6A binding proteins (e.g., YTHDF family) which recognize RNA sequences depending on the amount and localization of m6A in target transcripts and subsequently influence the fate of mRNA transcripts. The role of methyltransferases and demethylases is to provide a dynamic balance of m6A levels and possibly to convey mechanisms of specificity for these so-called epitranscriptomic marks, which are not yet fully understood. The main objective of this work was to determine the relative changes in the expression of key m6A pathway proteins during early postnatal development and adulthood in the rat brain. We found that the level of expression of key m6A pathway proteins decreases from birth to adulthood, with the exception of a transient increase between postnatal days 10 and 18. During this period, we also found significant changes in the expression of respiratory chain complexes. However, further research is needed to provide evidence of a mechanistic link between the m6A pathway and brain energy homeostasis during...
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Postnatal changes of selected blood parameters of the rabbit
LAŠTOVKOVÁ, Kristýna
Rabbit is an important laboratory animal used in a big variety of experiments. In these experiments are used rabbits of different age and metabolic activity, which reflects into the haematological and biochemical parameters. There is a lack of information about the haematological and biochemical parameters and their changes in the early postnatal stage of life in the available literary sources. This bachelor thesis focuses on the changes of selected haematological and biochemical parameters during 39 days of the rabbits postnatal stage of life. Acquired data show that since the birth until the 39th day of the rabbits life there had been an increase of the average values of erotrocyns (from 2,81 ? 0,28 to 4,86 ? 0,52 T/l), hematocrit values (from 0,285 ? 0,025 tu 0,34 ? 0,02 l/l) and the volume of hemoglobin (from 99,3 ? 2,0 to 111,6 ? 9,9 g/l) On the other hand, the number of leukocytes had dropped with the age from (from 9,25 ? 3,0 to 5,04 ? 0,66 G/l), as well as the percentages of neutrophilic granulocytes. The highest amount of plasma proteins (78,2 ? 4,27 g/l) was recorded on the fifth day, and a negative dependence was calculated among the plasma proteins and urea(- 0,25). Also the physiological hypercholesterolemia occured. Throughout the evolution od the rabbits were recorded very similar amounts of Ca and Mg in the blood plasma. Alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transferase had shown hight activity in the curse of the evolution.
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Toxoplasma and Host's Reproductive Function
Hlaváčová, Jana ; Kaňková, Šárka (advisor) ; Kodym, Petr (referee)
Toxoplasma gondii (Apicomplexa) is probably one of the most common human parasite in developed countries. It has a wide range of hosts including a variety of warm-blooded animals as well as humans. In this bachelor thesis you can find review of literature focusing on an influence of T. gondii on host's reproductive functions. Toxoplasmosis is accompanied by hormonal changes which may be one reason for the negative effect on host's fertility. Throughout the thesis are mentioned immunosuppression and reduced quality control of embryos associated with T. gondii. Both of these phenomena probably affect pregnancy, prenatal and postnatal development of the offsprings of mothers with latent toxoplasmosis. And these also play a role in shifting of sex ratio in infected hosts.
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