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Vliv změny tlaku v trakčním válci pluhů na zatížení hnacích kol traktorů
Opluštil, Jakub
The first part of the bachelor thesis is focused on the description of the construction of the plows and their current state. The second part of this bachelor thesis was to analyze the influence of the traction roller on the output parameters of the plowing unit based on field measurements. In the practical part of this work, a field measurement is processed, it was carried out in order to evaluate the use of the traction hydraulic cylinder on the plow. For a measurement it was used a tractor Zetor Forterra 150 HD in a set with a Pöttinger SERVO 45 M PLUS plow. The tractor was weighed in combination with the plow before the actual field measurement started. The weighing took place on walk-in scales. The axles were weighed as follows: front axle, rear right and left wheels separately, plow support wheel. It was measured in two variants, with a plow width of 1,6 m and 2 m. Furthermore, the measurement depended on the position of the set, which was in one case on a plane and in the other on an inclined plane. The tilting of the tractor was simulated on the scales, which was supposed to represent the driving of the tractor during the plowing to the right, the left wheel of the tractor and support wheel of plow were lifted by 20 cm. When the distributor of the external hydraulic circuit is in the floating position, there is zero pressure in the traction cylinder. There is no load transfer from the plow to the tractor. The weighing was based on three groups of measurements. In the first stage it was 0 bar, in the second 100 bar and the last 150 bar in the traction cylinder. As the pressure gradually increased, the tractor axles were loaded and the load on the support wheel was relieved. For a simpler representation, the obtained values were rewritten into images and drawn into graphs for comparison. The results obtained during weighing were compared with the results of individual wheel loads during actual plowing. By increasing the pressure in that the traction cylinder equalizes the load on the rear wheels moving in the furrow and on the bed. This fact was reflected in the output parameters of plowing.
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Vyhodnocení vlivu orby a hloubkového kypření na strukturu porostu a výnos zrna pšenice
Pokorný, Vít
This thesis deals with the effect of plowing and subsoiling on the structure of the spring wheat crop and the quality of spring wheat grain, as well as the effect of these two technologies on soil compaction. The literature review briefly describes basic information about soil and soil compaction, as well as necessary information about the plow and subsoiler and necessary information about spring wheat. In the practical part of this thesis, undisturbed soil samples were taken and evaluated, and the penetrometric resistance of the soil was measured, before and after tillage using the monitored technologies. Compaction has not been found. However, it was confirmed that subsoiling has a positive effect on the soil physical properties, despite the fact that there was no improvement in pentrometric resistance and soil moisture. Furthermore, the condition and structure of the spring wheat crop were evaluated, the results showed that at first plowing was better but before harvest subsoiling showed better plant density, and finally the yield and quality of the wheat grain were evaluated and compared. Plowing also came out better from this, despite the fact that subsoilling achieved a better number of plants and ears per m2. The field experiment took place in Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou in the local part of Vacenovice.
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Porovnání orebného a bezorebného zpracování půdy
BARTOŠ, Jiří
The bachelor's thesis deals with the most commonly used tillage technologies today and the impact on soil compaction. It also focuses on measures against unwanted compaction and its subsequent removal. Describes basic work operations such as plowing and loosening the soil. The bachelor's thesis describes the principle on which plowing works, basic types and distribution of plows, possible equipment of plows and according to which plowing can be divided. Furthermore, the methods of plowing, on different types of land, under conditions. Last but not least, the advantages and disadvantages of the most common tillage are listed here. Furthermore, the loosening technology, the machines with which the soil can be worked and the advantages and disadvantages of the tillage technology without plowing bring here. The experiment performed for the purpose of the bachelor's thesis is focused on the comparison of plowing and no-till technology of soil processing from an economic point of view and within the possibilities of verifying the impact on soil condition, stand condition, harvest and environment.
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Comparison of plowing and no-till tillage
DOLEJŠÍ, Přemysl
This final thesis deals with the comparison of plowing and non-plowing soil tillage. It is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes soil properties and importance of soil cultivation. Following is a presentation and description of selected technologies of soil cultivation. The practical part presents the measurement results. It was investigated whether this or that technology was more cost-effective and how different processing would affect soil compaction. The results are presented for the sake of clarity through tables and graphs.
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Porovnání hloubkového kypření a zpracování půdy orbou
PROCHÁZKA, Miroslav
The final thesis is theoretical-research. It is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with the soil from the point of view of its importance for man and introduces its types. From the point of view of soil cultivation it introduces two different technologies of its processing, namely plowing and deep loosening. It shows types of cultivators and plows. The research part analyzes the results of the research obtained by practical measurement of yields in the spring barley sowing using both tillage technologies. It compares these technologies in terms of economy, impact on growth, soil and yield.
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Vliv použitého nářadí na kvalitu zpracování půdy
PIŠL, Stanislav
For the evaluation of this diploma thesis I have chosen four different processing machines with various working organs. There were reversible plow Lemken Opal 90, plate cultivator Horsch Joker 8 RT, blade cultivator Farmet Duolent DX 300 N and combined cultivator Väderstad TopDown TD 500. Raitings were carried out on lands with very similar features to get the most advantageous possible comparison. The thesis contains characteristics of the companies and technical data of compared machines, where the machines differences are obvious, because each machine is designed and assembled for different purpose of soil processing. The fact is that each machine excelled in different type of measuring from the qualitative indicators' point of view. The best cultivation of plant residues came from the plow Lemken Opal 90. On the other hand, Väderstad TopDown TD 500 had the most decaying effect on post-harvest residues.
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