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Vliv odlišné intenzity regulace plevelů na zaplevelení a druhovou diverzitu
Řezníček, David
The bachelor's thesis deals with weed vegetation in multiple crops (Allium cepa, Daucus carota subsp. sativus, Papaver somniferum, Beta vulgaris, ssp. Esculenta, var. crassa) on land with mechanical weed regulation (ecological type of agriculture, without biocide use). Apart from observing weed infestation differences (species composition and coverage) in crops, experimental onion and carrot fields were established and monitored throughout the year, with differences in intensity of mechanical weed control. Experiment was carried out during the year of 2016 in cadastral district of the village of Žlutava (nine kilometres east of Zlín). Regulation interval was discovered, in which certain weed species survive or recede. Low competition ability was confirmed in onions and by contrast fairly high in carrots. Subsistence and ecological farmers can make use of these results.
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Potravinové zdroje rozvojových zemí se zaměřením na rýži
Kaštylová, Barbora
Despite the fact, that there exist more than 50 000 plants suitable for food production only 15 of this number provides 90 per cent of energetic intake in the world. Rice, maize and wheat growing covers two thirds of this energetic intake while the rice plays the most significant role especially in developing countries. Rice has over time become a staple food for more than 33 developing countries in the world. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to target regions and states within them, and express and prove importance of rice for local inhabitants. Rice has become dominant crop due to suitable climatic conditions in these states and regions, affordability for local people and its easy processing. Nonetheless, existential dependence on just one crop represents for consumers, who consume only one crop which is their main part of nutriment, a potential health threats as well. This bachelor thesis will also define the developing world and hunger.
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Issues of Corn Market development
Černěnková, Eva ; Toth, Štefan (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with one of the most widely grown crop in the world that is corn. The diploma thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes corn as an arable crop, aims at its history and trading patterns. The special attention is devoted to crucial factors which are affecting the corn market.
The first subchapter of practical part focuses on analysis factors like production, harvest and planted area of corn in United States of America. Based on the graphic analysis are shown and duly commented on the long-term developmental trends of indicators in the timeframe of last fifty years. The next subchapter of the thesis deals with the analysis of time series of individual determinants affecting maize market. In the last subchapter is built econometric model, which is used to compare predictions of ex -post with reality.
The conclusion of the thesis evaluates the results of modelling, describes and critically valorizes the influence of individual determinants on the maize market , and outlines the potential development of the corn market.
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Mapping of hemlock plamatého (Conium maculatum L.) in Central Bohemia region
Čech, Ondřej ; Brant, Václav (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
Poison hemlock (conium maculatum L.) is a weedy species occurring in plant communities near field borders and in agrophytocoenosis. It invades into these crops: winter wheat, pea, sugar beet, white mustard and also in fodder plants. The origin of the invasion lies predominantly in plant communities around field borders.
The aim of this thesis was to elaborate survey of poison hemlock occurrence on arable lands and also within plant communities around field margin in the Middle Bohemia.
The study was carried on with the use of GPS navigation (Garmin Etrex 30, Garmin Ltd., USA). Each spot of occurrence was determined by visual recognition in slowly moving car (30-40 km/h). Transit between two urban areas was done in both directions every time. Minimal distance between each spot is between 8-10 m in this type of determination. Data records were transferred to ortofoto map data layer. The density of plants in each spot was evaluated consequently. The presence of this species in the crops was also evaluated during the survey.
25 field segments of winter canola, two segments of pea, one segment of white mustard and four segments of sugar beet were recorded the studied region. The intensity of the weed infestation around the road network strongly varied. Both solitary plants and consistent stands of poison hemlock were described. The method of evaluation of spot quantity on the longitudinal track was verified in this study. The study confirmed impact of plant communities around field borders on the occurrence of poison hemlock in agrophytocoenosis.
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Optimizing the use of agricultural areas - a case study
Jirků, Šárka ; Kuncová, Martina (advisor) ; Kalčevová, Jana (referee)
This study deals with analysis of the agricultural company layout. The utilization of agricultural areas is optimized with such a sowing technique that leads to the highest harvest profit. All these issues are being solved by the conversion to the linear programming model which is the most resembling to the combination of production planning and allocation problem. A case study is based on actual data given by Agrofarma Týnec, s.r.o. company. The 48 sections of field in different proportion are taken in consideration as well as five different crops. The study tries to deal with more options taking in account different trade prices of set commodities and a hectare sowing limitation. The main model anticipates pessimistic trade prices expectations and does not restrict hectare sowing with single crops. The model is followed by the price coefficient analysis that gives the price level to be kept to let the computed solution be optimal. Lingo13.0 was used as an optimization software.
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