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Ekonomické aspekty chovu prasat
Hanáková, Šárka
The focus of this bachelor´s thesis is the analysis of pig farming and it´s market in the Czech Republic in the recent years. The thesis examines topics related to the pro-ductions of pigs for slaughter. The history of pig farming, it´s significance, and the current situation in the Czech Republic are addressed. Furthermore, it is focused on the economic aspect, discussing the monetization, price development and foreign markets. Lastly, the thesis includes a subsidy policy.
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Analysis of growth characteristics and carcass composition of selected hybrid combinations of pigs
KOMOSNÝ, Michal
Two hybrid combinations with an almost equal ratio of barrows and gilts (Large White Landrace) (Large White-sire line Pietrain) - experiment 1 and (Large White Landrace) Pietrain - experiment 2 were included to the monitoring (70 head). The rearing of piglets was going on in the experiment 1 from 25 to 60 days of age and in the experiment 2 from 28 to 63 days of age. Higher live weight and average daily gain were achieved in barrows of both hybrid combinations. A lower consumption of feed per 1 kg of gain was found in barrows. Feed consumption per 1 kg of gain was statistically significantly influenced by gender in the experiment 1. In the experiment 1, fattening was going on from 60 days of age and was evaluated up to 130 days of age. The first group was fed with an ad libitum diet (AD), the second group was fed with a moderate restricted diet (MR) and the third group was fed with a strong restricted diet (SD). AD barrows and gilts achieved the highest live weight and average daily gain. The lowest feed consumption per 1 kg of gain and the highest lean meat content were recorded in barrows and gilts of SR. In almost all traits, with the exception of lean meat content, greater differences between groups of feeding methods were recorded in barrows. Live weight and average daily gain were significantly influenced by the feeding methods. Feed consumption per 1 kg gain was significantly influenced by gender. Experiment 2 was going on from 63 days of age and is evaluated up to 133 days of age. The first group was fed with an ad libitum diet (AD), the second group was fed with a restricted diet from 85 kg live weight (R2) and the third group was fed with a restricted diet from 65 kg live weight (R3). Also in the experiment 2, the highest live weight and average daily gain were in AD barrows and gilts and the lowest in R65 groups. The differences between ad libitum or by restricted-fed pigs were not as significant as in the experiment 1. The lowest feed consumption per 1 kg of gain was in barrows R65 and gilts R85. Lean meat content was the highest in AD barrows and R65 gilts. Live weight and average daily gain were significantly influenced by the feeding method and gender. Feed consumption per 1 kg of gain was significantly influenced by the feeding method. The slaughter value traits were converted to an age of 148.9 days in the experiment 1. The highest slaughter weight was in AD barrows and gilts. The lowest average backfat thickness and with a related highest lean meat content (FOM) were in SR barrows and gilts. The highest pH45 was in barrows of both restricted groups and MR gilts. The lowest drip loss was in SR barrows and MR gilts. The highest IMF content was recorded in AD barrows and gilts. Backfat thickness and lean meat content (FOM) were significantly influenced by the feeding method. Lean meat content (FOM) in the AD group and MLLT area in the SR group were significantly influenced by gender. The slaughter value traits were converted to an age of 141.3 days in the experiment 2. The highest slaughter weight was in barrows and AD gilts. The lowest backfat thickness was in R85 barrows and R65 gilts. The highest lean meat content (FOM) was in the R85 groups for both sexes. The highest pH45 was in barrows AD and gilts R85. The lowest drip loss and the highest content of IMF was in barrows and gilts R65. The results of the experiment 1 for the hybrid combination (LW L) (LWSL Pn) showed that it is suitable to use ad libitum feeding for both gilts and barrows, depending on the technological and organizational possibilities of the breeder, to apply a stronger feeding restriction. In terms of costs per 1 kg of gain, it was shown in the experiment 2 for the hybrid ombination (LW L) Pn as the most suitable feed restriction from 85 kg of live weight, when the growth potential of pigs was best utilized with adequate feed conversion. Results of the trials showed excellent growth potential
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Porovnání velikosti plochy ustájení na zdravotní stav a masnou užitkovost prasat ve výkrmu
KOHOUT, Martin
The bachelor thesis is focused on the influence of health status and greasy performance in comparison with the maintenance area. First, I address all the effects on pig farming, in the next section we will get acquainted with the selected farm in which the experiment will take place. The experimental hall has better results in recent losses, conversion and average consumption per feeding day. The control hall achieved a better average increase. The conclusion of the work points to the result of an experiment with the proposed measures to improve the effectiveness of fat efficiency and health.
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Best Available Technologies for Intensive Livestock Production: Analysis of Present State in the Czech Republic
HAVELKA, Zbyněk
The thesis deals with the issue of the use of the best available technologies (BAT) in poultry and pig farms falling under the IPPC regime in the Czech Republic. The thesis presents an overview of the legislative framework of IPPC in the Czech Republic, an overview of the most important BATs. From the point of view of intensive poultry and pig farms, an overview of the number of facilities and their location in the Czech Republic, reported annual ammonia emissions and BAT used by these facilities is presented.
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The effect of the pre-weaning play on the coping ability of piglets
Večlová, Barbora ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on animal play behaviour, it's features and factors that influence it. It also shows how play can be used as an animal welfare indicator and moreover that play may also improve welfare. Play is interesting from physiology and neurology point of view as well because it is able to trigger positive emotions. This thesis also describes the main hypotheses explaing evolutionary functions of play. The newest hypothesis claims that play may be a "training for the unexpected"(Špinka et al., 2001). Our experiments tested this hypothesis. We investigated if play of piglets before weaning could improve their coping with stress and reduce agonistic behaviour after weaning and later in life. Results show that play in an extra space before weaning does not influence pig's behaviour very much, but it seems to have some impact. Results also show other factors influencing agonistic behaviour of pigs - groupsize, gender and weight gain.
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Vyhodnocení výrobní měrné emise skleníkových a zátěžových plynů z vybraného chovu prasat
PROKOP, Tomáš
The aim of this final diploma thesis is to evaluate the production specific emission of greenhouse and load gases from selected pig breeding located in Hodětín near Bechyně, South Bohemian Region. The work focuses on the breeding hall, where the pregnant sows and the nursing sows including piglets are located separately. A total of 6 measurements were carried out, which are further compared with each other and with the latest edition of the reference document BREF. The thesis answers the questions and the selected farm is evaluated according to the principles of "Good Agricultural Practice" according to the available BAT techniques listed in the BREF reference document. The season plays a role in assessing and evaluating individual measurements. In winter, ammonia concentration is higher due to less frequent ventilation, causing low temperature and high humidity in the breeding hall. These two basic aspects are described and it is explained why this is the case and why workers approach this solution to the situation. In conclusion, there are methods and recommendations to contribute to lower emissions in selected pig breeding.
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Laterality in social and locomotory behaviour of domestic pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica)
Kunclová, Kristýna ; Špinka, Marek (advisor) ; Nekovářová, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out whether pigs exhibit laterality in social behavior, especially the laterality of rotational movements in game behavior and social interactions. We aimed also to explore how this laterality is influenced by other factors, especially the possibilities of playful behavior in ontogenesis, personality and others social and non-social factors. Alternatively, whether the degree of laterality determined varies depending on the social situation (game / aggression) and whether is influenced by the litter. I have investigated this behavior for 64 pigs in 16 litters from videotapes of their social behavior. For each pig, I recorded the playing element and the preferential side. For individual game elements I did not find any preference for rotation at the population level and only a slight tendency for individual laterality. For social game elements, I have shown a weak population tendency to prefer left side, but only for a group of more playing pigs. The main contribution of this work is the symmetry found in the implementation of individual game elements and, on the contrary, the observed laterality at the population level for social game behavior. Since the laterality of playful behavior has not yet been investigated, it is possible that this symmetry is...
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The effect of the pre-weaning play on the coping ability of piglets
Večlová, Barbora ; Chaloupková, Helena (advisor) ; Fuchs, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on animal play behaviour, it's features and factors that influence it. It also shows how play can be used as an animal welfare indicator and moreover that play may also improve welfare. Play is interesting from physiology and neurology point of view as well because it is able to trigger positive emotions. This thesis also describes the main hypotheses explaing evolutionary functions of play. The newest hypothesis claims that play may be a "training for the unexpected"(Špinka et al., 2001). Our experiments tested this hypothesis. We investigated if play of piglets before weaning could improve their coping with stress and reduce agonistic behaviour after weaning and later in life. Results show that play in an extra space before weaning does not influence pig's behaviour very much, but it seems to have some impact. Results also show other factors influencing agonistic behaviour of pigs - groupsize, gender and weight gain.
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Hlukové emise v chovu prasat na výkrm
HAVEL, Milan
This dissertation deals with the noise emissions caused due pig fattening. The theoretical part contains a description of the economic importance of pig farming in the Czech Republic. It also describes the noise and its impact on the environment, noise effects on humans and animals, using best available technologies (BAT) to reduce it in pig farms and includes other sanitary limits. The practical part describes the structures of pig breeding, measuring instruments and the methods which are used for calculating the measurement of the noise. The obtained data are shown in the graphs and by each measurement was performed statistical analysis. In another point are the result values compared with sanitary limits.
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