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Patent Trolls: Do Their Patents Differ?
Trlifaj, Šimon ; Schwarz, Jiří (advisor) ; Wang, Yao (referee)
The United States patent system is undergoing changes, with a sharply increasing number of patent litigations and applications. This Thesis aims at analyzing the role of Non-practicing entities-companies which engage in licensing and litigating patents, as opposed to producing-in the system. Using two unique datasets of 533,720 U.S. patents, I investigate what type of patents these entities uphold. Specifically, I focus on two proxy variables for patent value (forward citations for social value and renewal rate for private value), and analyze patents owned by one of the biggest Non-practicing entities, the Intellectual Ventures. In comparison to two control groups, the results provide some evidence that patents owned by this company: 1) do have an above-average private and social value, and 2) show smaller relation between private and social value. The results support existing research which suggests that Non-practicing entities possess higher proportion of "strategic patents", that are highly privately valuable mainly for their litigation potential.
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The Impact of Judicial Verdicts Regarding Patent Litigation on Stock Prices
Vlčková, Kateřina ; Novák, Jiří (advisor) ; Kvaček, Jan (referee)
This thesis examines the impact of judicial verdicts on patent holders' stock prices. Our dataset contains 40 companies which were involved in a legal dispute concerning patent infringement or patent invalidity and which were judged by the England and Wales High Court (patent court). This work states three main hypotheses which are examined within the empirical part. To understand the impact of a judgement on the stock price of the patent holder we used an event study which measures the impact of economic events on stock prices. We divided the main hypothesis into two parts. The first part examines whether the stock price increases in case of a trial victory and the second part tests whether the stock price decreases in case of a trial defeat. Our empirical analysis refused an alternative hypothesis and so the first part was confirmed. Nevertheless our results did not confirm the second part of the first hypothesis and the stock price shows the positive abnormal return even in case of a trial defeat. On the basic of these results we conclude that judgements influence the stock price in some specific cases but they are not a dominant factor. However we confirm the next hypothesis that the stock price reacts more sensitively to the judgement's announcement in a trial concerning patent invalidity than...
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European legal regulation of patents in the area of science and research
Hrdličková, Klára ; Scheu, Harald Christian (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
European legal regulation of patents in the area of science and research Bioethics is an important part of law regulation in the medical field. According to the current state, bioethics is able to highlighted main issues, which are connected with medical research and suggest possible solution.This paper combines two controversial topics. First one is human embryonic stem cell research and second one is research on nanoparts and indicates Intelectual Property Law possibilities in this field. Paper is divided into two parts. First one deals with the legal regulation on research on embryo in the Czech Republic and in other states of The Western Europe. Main focus is based on patentability of research concerned with the human embryonic stem cells, which might have a great therapeutic potential but their preparation necessarily leads to the destruction of "human embryos". (HESC) Main concern is connected with regard to the European law and the current ground- breaking judgement, Brüstle v. Greenpeace eV. In mentioned judgment European Court of Justice held that after interpretation of the Directive on the legal protection of biotechnological inventions , it will not be able to grant a patent on research which led in the destruction of a human embryo. Paper also includes assessment of the attitude of the...
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Last plague epidemic in the Czech lands, especially in Prague (1713-1714)
Koubová, Markéta ; Foltýn, Dušan (advisor) ; Charvátová, Kateřina (referee)
The main part of the thesis mentions last plague epidemic wave, that hit our country in the years 1713-1714, here I focus specifically on the city of Prague. The Czech lands, Moravia and Silesia are mentioned only briefly to show little differences between lands and their plague rules. I also describe medical facilities and hospitals, where were sick and dying people placed, and personnel which took care of these people. Divine services were important for people at that time, society was very religious and people thought that plague is a divine punishment. Even though society was very religiously based, cities and streets were filthy and full of mud.People in cities had very poor hygienic standards and habits, that helped to faster spreading of the disease. At last, places of final rest for terminally ill people, plague cemeteries are mentioned.
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Specific of patent law in pharmaceutical industry
Volšanský, Petr ; Pítra, Vladimír (advisor) ; Růžička, Michal (referee)
1 ABSTRACT SPECIFIC OF PATENT LAW IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY This thesis scopes on particularities of patent law with regard to pharmaceuticals. It describes the basics of patent law while focusing mainly on international treaties, in particular on systems established by EPC and TRIPS. The patent system in USA and in the Czech Republic is also noted. This thesis is divided into seven chapters. In the first chapter named sources of law international institutions, treaties and situation in European union, USA and Czech Republic are described here. This chapter also deals with basic legal instruments such as patent, corporate invention or utility model. The next chapter is focused on individual conditions that need to be met in order to grant a certain patent - the most basic are novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability. The following chapter deals with problems associated with costly development of new drugs and the need of companies to get the longest possible protection for their inventions. A special chapter addresses exceptions to the stiff patent regulation. Described in the next chapter is the compulsory license, a legal instrument not very particular in the Czech Republic but relevant in some developing countries used in order to secure better availability of drugs to society. Other...
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The impact of intellectual property protection on the economic development of China
Giljanová, Miriam ; Vlčková, Jana (advisor) ; Erbenová, Monika (referee)
My work discusses the protection of intellectual property in China. The first theoretical part focuses on the historical conditions for implementation of intellectual property rights, present and assumptions to improve the system of intellectual property rights. In the second part of the thesis I will describe the ways in which intellectual property protection effects on the economic growth, I will use statistics to evaluate the current status and analyze one of the ways - foreign direct investment.
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Protection of Inventions in the Czech Republic
Engelová - Pavková, Jana
The presentation focuses on protection of inventions by patents and utility models in the Czech Republic. Proceedings before the Industrial Property Office will be introduced for both above mentioned industrial rights as well as the information about financial and time aspects and possibilities they provide. European patent and current development in unitary patent will be presented. Protection of inventions under Patent Cooperation Treaty will be described. Freely accessible patent databases will be mentioned together with patent classification systems.
Fulltext: idr-689_3 -  PDF
Slides: idr-689_1 - PDF; idr-689_2 - PDF
Video: Engelova -  MP4; idr-689_4 - MP4
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The costs anf benefits of a patent regime
Třísková, Julie ; Potužák, Pavel (advisor) ; Hurník, Jaromír (referee)
This thesis deals with patents and their impact on innovative activity. Patents represent some kind of regulation of a free market which should improve market failures and create incentives for innovation activity. This stimulation should be then reflected in the growth of technologies. The relation between patenting and productivity which represents the growth of technologies is analyzed on panel data comprising of Finland, Denmark, Italy, Great Britain and the Netherlands. The analysis is undertaken on the industry level, namely on chemical industry, as firms in this industry consider patents as being an efficient form of invention protection. The outcomes of my analysis imply a difference between short term and long term relation between patents and productivity. Patents do not seem to influence productivity immediately, they seem to have a negative impact in the long run though.
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Patent pools
Bourová, Kateřina ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
Patent pools are agreements between patent holders to license their rights to central entity and then to sale these licenses to third parties. In the Czech Republic there is no such cooperation between firms. In this thesis I would like to describe this phenomenon to Czech public and firms. The othel goal is to find out if this cooperation is efficient.
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