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Infection in pregnancy
KŘÍŽOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis on the topic of infection in pregnancy is divided into theoretical and research part. The roles of a midwife in the field of infection in pregnancy are described in the theoretical part. Furthermore there is description of chosen bacterial, viral and parasitic infections that is based on professional literature. Symptoms, diagnostics, therapy in pregnancy and the influence of infection on pregnancy or foetus are characterised for every type of infection. The research part of this bachelor theses focuses on the finding of knowledge of pregnant women and mothers of one or more children about infectious diseases in pregnancy and their prevention. We were also investigating, if women were informed about infections in pregnancy and their prevention during prenatal care, then who provides them the information and to what extent. Quantitative research was chosen for the research investigation and the data were collected with the technique of questionnaire survey. Distribution of the questionnaires was made electronically. Total amount of respondents was 140, of which 86 were primiparas and 54 were multiparas. The collected data were processed in Microsoft Excel 2010 programme and to verify the validity of hypothesis the chi-quadrate test with 5% level of importance was used. The research showed that multiparas have more knowledge than primiparas. Hypothesis 1, which presupposed that awareness of prevention of infectious diseases in pregnancy of multiparas is higher than of primiparas, was confirmed. Hypothesis 2, which presupposed that the awareness of multiparas of the impact of infectious diseases on foetus is higher than of primiparas was confirmed as well. However, one disturbing finding was that pregnant women are in most cases not informed about the prevention and impact of infections in pregnancy during their prenatal care. Hypothesis 3 presupposed that midwives educate the primiparas more than multiparas and this hypothesis was not confirmed. According to the results of this research, it is necessary to put greater emphasis on the education of pregnant women in the field of infections in pregnancy and this education should be provided by both midwives and doctors during prenatal care. The emphasis should be put mostly on prevention and in the case of occurrence of some infection the emphasis should be laid on early treatment of infection. This bachelor thesis can be used as educational material for pregnant women or for women, who are planning to get pregnant. The thesis can also become a source of information for students of healthcare fields, for midwives and for other healthcare staff.
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The prevalence of the preterm births among nurses
Havlíková, Anna ; Strnadová, Alice (advisor) ; Kulhavá, Miluše (referee)
In my Bachelor Thesis, I was focused on the issue of preterm birth in the group of general nurses. I aimed to compare the incidence of preterm birth in the group of general nurses with that of the background population. Further, I intended to specify whether there are differences in the preterm birth occurrence between the group of general nurses that were redeployed to a work with lower risk during the pregnancy and the group of general nurses that were not redeployed and still used to do shift work (working in non-daylight hours). I used scientific literature, international studies and articles in professional journals to obtain data to create a theoretical part. In this part I was focused on pregnancy; childbirth; preterm birth; the risk factors related to work of the nurse; and finally to the labour law concerning pregnancy. In the experimental section, I present the analysis and evaluations of data I obtained in the form of tables and graphs. All these presentations are described and annotated. The data for analysis were obtained from the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was constructed by me. The survey took place at the two clinics of the Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice. In my Bachelor Thesis, the statistical analysis of the obtained data did not prove that there is significantly higher...
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Psychosocial factors influencing the experience of parents of premature babies
Stránská, Monika ; Pavlíková, Pavla (advisor) ; Houšťková, Hana (referee)
The thesis is focused on psychological experience of premature newborns parents. The theoretical part deals with psychosociological factors: stress, social environment of a newborn resuscitacion department, needs of parents and their emotion, nurse-parent relationship, parent-child relationship developement, communication and psychological parent support. To provide a complex view of the problemacy, one single chapter deals with premature birth, premature newborn and ilnesses that put the newborn due to the premature birth into major risk. The empirical part aim were findings concerning: what factors influence the parent experience of newborns most, how an healthcare team and a premature newborns department affect parents. The research was also aimed at finding if men and women experience this demanding life situation the same way or not and how can the healthcare team help to improve the psychological condition of paretns. To implement the researcch a non-standardized questionnaire method was applied. The research sample contained 43 respondents. The findings show clear differencies between men and women concerning settling with a premature birth of a child and in needs of psychological support. There were found reserves on the side of medical workers.
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Pregnancy proteins - molecular biological and biochemical analysis
Muravská, Alexandra ; Kalousová, Marta (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Průša, Richard (referee)
The aim of this thesis was to establish methods for selected PAPP-A (Pregnancy- Associated Plasma Protein A) gene polymorphisms analysis and to study genetic background of PAPP-A and biochemical background of PAPP-A and PlGF (Placental Growth Factor) in relation to risk pregnancy. Secondly, the aim was to establish method for two-dimensional (2D) electrophoresis of amniotic fluid. Methods for analysis of ten PAPP-A gene polymorphisms were established. These polymorphisms, PAPP-A and PlGF levels were studied in together 165 women in third trimester pregnancies complicated with threatening preterm labor (n=98), preeclampsia (n=35), IUGR (Intrauterine Growth Restriction) (n=34) and ICP (Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy) (n=15). 114 healthy pregnant women served as controls. The method for 2D electrophoresis of amniotic fluid was established. Preeclamptic patients had significantly higher frequency of TT genotype of Cys327Cys (C/T) PAPP-A gene polymorphism compared to controls. Patients with ICP had increased serum levels of PAPP-A compared to controls, in patients with threatening preterm labor PAPP-A levels were rather decreased. PlGF levels did not differ from control group in patients with ICP and threatening preterm labor. Positive correlation was found between PAPP-A and PlGF in group of...
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Parental Stress and Coping Following the Birth of a Preterm Infant
TOMÁNKOVÁ, Barbora
The degree work deals with the parents of pre-maturely-born children. The part dedicated to theory handles the issue of the immaturity of prematurely-born children including the latest trends in nursing the given children. The other issue tackled in this part is the family and its specifics concerning a prematurely-born child and the choices of how to enhance the family. This part also focuses on the communication with and the expertise of people working in the field involved in the care of premature children and their parents. The target of the work has been to discover and reflect upon what the mothers of prematurely-born children are experiencing, what needs they may have in the field of communication with and expertise of the healthcare staff and to define what enhancing therapy interventions are at the disposal of parents while their children are hospitalized. To achieve the targets of my work, quality research has been conducted and the method employed was asking questions and a semi-standardized interviewing technique of the mothers of prematurely-born children and the people working in the field. In addition, the document?s contents analysis was completed. The research files were formulated by the people working in the field from the obstetric facility ?The Institute for Mother and Child Care? and by the mothers of prematurely-born children who gave birth at the above healthcare facility. Another intention of the research was to confront the views of mothers of prematurely-born children with the approach of the people working in the field. Resultant from the analysis of the above testimonies, hypotheses have been inferred. The work points out the necessity of a tender approach, of providing emotional support and also empathetic communication from the side of the healthcare staff. Further, the healthcare staff should be trained on how to provide timely-crisis enhancement to the parents. The expertise of the staff is also important in providing the complex follow-up mental and social support to the parents. The outcomes of the degree work may be applied as a feedback for the particular healthcare facility and/or generally to improve the care quality for parents of prematurely-born children.
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