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Vliv kvality objemných krmiv na náklady spojené s výživou skotu
Jurková, Lydie
The diploma thesis defines terms such as permanent grassland, clover grass, fod-der. The concepts are explained and clarified in the contexts that can be found between them. In connection with these concepts, the issue of cattle is mentioned in the work, in more detail Holstein cattle in the Czech Republic. The work is based on one-factor and multifactor analysis of variance (P <0.05), then the Post-hoc test was used, more precisely Tukey's test (P <0.05). The company where the analysis was performed – Hanácká zemědělská společnost a. s. (HZS Jevíč-ko), has area of grassland262.04 ha. Of these stands, four species were included in the analysis, namely permanent grassland renewed, permanent grassland not rene-wed, alfalfa grassland I. useful year and alfalfa grassland II. utility year. The analysis determined nutrients crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The stated values come from our own laboratory analyzes of grass and alfalfa stands and on the basis of their results feed rations were compiled according to the requirements for dairy cows weighing 600 kg with a milk yield of 28 l FCM. After the compilation of these batches, an economic evaluation of their profitability in the individual sampling dates and a comparison with the date of the company's actual harvest followed. From the point of view of the feed ration, the first one was evaluated as the most suitable date for the harvest of permanent grassland, where compared to the actual harvest the savings are made (with 895 dairy cows) in the amount of CZK 1,211,964. The amount of savings in permanent grassland not renewed would be CZK 2,904,141. In contrast to these two stands, it does not show alfalfa grass I. useful year between the first date and the real harvest date no price difference. It manifested itself only in the alfalfa vegetation vegetation II. useful year, in the amount of CZK 427,944.
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Hodnocení obsahu organických živin a epifytní mikroflóry u vybraných druhů trav
Sankot, Jiří
The work deals with the evaluation of nutrients and epiphytic microflora content in selected grass species Lolium perenne L., Phleum pratensis L., Festuca arundinaceae Schreb. and Lolium multiflorum Lam. X Festuca arundinacea Schreb. 2017 and 2018 at Vatín. The task was to determine the effect of fertilization doses by digestate, harvest year and species on organic nutrient content and epiphytic microflora. The content of nitrogenous substances, fats, fiber, ADF and NDF was evaluated from organic nutrients. The statistically significant (P <0.05) was the year for the effect on the crude protein content. Statistical significance (P <0.05) for fat content was demonstrated only in the species. For the proportion of fiber, ADF and NDF in fodder, the year of harvest, the type of fodder and the fertilizer variant had a statistically significant effect (P <0.05). The second evaluated area in forage was the epiphytic microflora. Only a fertilizer variant was statistically significant in CPM (P <0.05). The year of harvest and the fertilization variant were statistically significant (P <0.05) for BMK. The incidence of Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae, the total number of micromycetes and yeasts was not statistically significant from any point of view. In fungi, fertilization was a statistically significant (P <0.05) variant. The effect of digestate fertilization on the amount of nutrients and microorganisms has not been evident.
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Hodnocení kvality siláží vyrobených z pícnin čeledi lipnicovitých
Richterová, Bára
The thesis is focused on the assessment of the quality of the fermentation process in various grass species. In the literary part we characterize grasses of the family Poaceae. The next part is devoted to the conservation of silage grasses with possible threats to ensilage and the use of silage additives in production. In the practical part, a total of 12 grass samples were monitored. They were founded in two variants, fertilized and non-fertilized with nitrogen, treated and untreated with silage additive. Grasses were harvested from the microsilage vessels after 60 days and analyzed for selected parameters. The results were evaluated by graphs. Ammonia, pH, LA, AA, biogenic amines were further processed by ANOVA. Using the values from the analyzes, we evaluated the quality of the fermentation process, when the samples of festulolium, festulolium N were the best, among which there was a statistically significant difference at 95 % confidence level. In the analytical evaluation the worst sample of the lobed fur without treatment was found to have poor quality silage fermentation. It also contained the most biogenic amines but there were no statistically significant differences between the samples (p <0.05). For samples of the lobed foot treated with a chemical additive, we can conclude that the use of the chemical preservative SoftAcid improved the quality of the fermentation.
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Porovnání kvality siláží známých a méně známých druhů jetelovin
Vlček, Martin
The diploma thesis is focused on comparison of the quality of forage and silage from known (Medicago sativa L., Trifolium pretense L.) and lesser known (Trigonella foenum-graceum L., Trifolium alexandrinum L.) legumes. Evaluated factors were orga-nic nutrients (crude protein, crude fiber, acidodetergent fiber and neutrodetergent fiber), aqueos extract quality (pH, amonia, etanol, organic acids and acidity of aqueous extract). Expereimental silages were made in free treatmenst (without treatment, biological treatment and chemical preservative). Crude protein kontent was camparable between varieties. The highest content (P<0,05) of crude fiber was for Holyna variety (36,3 %), while the lowest content (P<0,05) of crude fiber was for Hanka variety (21,1 %). The use of preservatives affected the values of organic nutrients in the silage of the evaluated legumes. No butyric acid was found in silage treated by chemical preservative. The highest acidity value of the aqueous extract was for Spurt variety silage (1085,5 mg∙100 g-1 KOH). The use of preservatives has reduced the acidity of the aqueous extract.
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