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Social Determinants of Life Expectancy in Transition Economies
Song, Fei ; Bryndová, Lucie (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee) ; Háva, Petr (referee)
This thesis investigates the impact of social determinants on life expectancy in 16 transition economies from 1995 to 2012 by a panel data regression analysis. The regression result suggests that, air quality, coverage for tertiary education, spending in health care have statistically positive associations with life expectancy. To be specific, 1 microgram per cubic meter reduction in PM 2.5 air pollution(mean annual exposure) is associated with a gain of 2.16 months of life expectancy at birth. 100 dollars increase in health expenditure per capita is associated with a gain of 2.4 months of life expectancy at birth. 10% points increase in the gross enrolment ratio for tertiary school is associated with a gain of 3.6 months of life expectancy. But the proxy variable of democracy(Unified Democracy Sores), Economic Freedom and out-of-pocket health expenditure are not significant factors of life expectancy.
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Sbližování států Sdružení národů jihovýchodní Asie
Kiedroňová, Tereza
The area of ASEAN countries and the subsequent role of regionalisation were being analysed in this thesis whilst employing the HDI, mortality rate up to 5 years, life expectancy at birth, GDP per capita, unemployment rate, and FDI as the crucial indicators. The study aims to examine the ASEAN countries and its aggregation within both the economic and social spheres. A 10-year period (2006-2016) had been inquired so that the development of each indicator may be examined. And therefore, results of beta convergence could be displayed in a correlation diagrams. The convergence trend has mirrored in five indicators. The only indicator, however, to be diverging has been represented by the unemployment rate. The findings of beta convergence suggest that, in comparison with economic indicators, social indicators tend to converge in a more significant manner in the ASEAN countries.
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Human Development Index
CHUYKO, Vadym
This bachelor thesis contains the information about the Human Development Index (HDI) and the methods used to measure it. The theoretical part describes the history of development HDI, and his current conditions. The practical part consists of analysis of the components of HDI. The thesis is based on information from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and contains data from more than 100 countries within the period between 1990 and 2015. The conclusion of this study suggests that the Human Development Index truly describe the standard of living in the different countries.
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Life expectancy and its determining elements:A study for the Czech Republic at the beginning of the 21th century
Korbelius, Vojtěch ; Paulus, Michal (advisor) ; Polák, Petr (referee)
Life expectancy and its determining elements: A study for the Czech Republic at the beginning of the 21th century. In our thesis we are modelling a life expectancy function for the Czech Republic at the beginning of the 21th century. Our model is using three types of explanatory variables - environmental (socio- economic), health care and environmental pollution. Our study is the first study not only for the Czech Republic but it is a first study to include environmental pollution variables into a complex life expectancy model. As a result, we found two different life expectancy functions where one is applicable for male ta the age of 45 and 65 and female at the age of 45 and the second which is the best model for female ta the age of 65. General outcome points out three things - only one health care factor is significant at a time, environmental pollution is category that has to be considered and the percentage of people over the age of 65 is significant variable determining the life expectancy the most.
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Establishing Old Age Pension Retirement Age Limits
Svoboda, Radovan ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Hedbávný, Petr (referee)
Establishing retirement age is a key issue for each and every pension system. How this issue is resolved is palpable for every citizen and also has a major political dimension. The main reasons for increasing the retirement age - which is occurring in all European countries - are demographic development and economic factors, such as higher life expectancy, increasing the proportion of pensioners to the number of economically active people, and the growing costs for the pension system. This thesis describes the current reform steps in Europe and provides a thorough analysis of factors which are relevant for dealing with retirement age issues. The analysis is based on official statistical data, which are scrutinized even in mutual correlations. The need for an interdisciplinary approach which eliminates unilateral vistas and biased application of data lifted out of context and long-term trends is emphasized. Special attention is paid to the genesis and current solutions regarding the retirement age in the Czech Republic. This thesis offers reasoning which supports setting 65 years of age as the statutory retirement age, including the mechanism for increasing it depending on how the life expectancy factor develops. How the retirement age issues are dealt with is based on the fundamental ethical...
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