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Preparation and properties of agarose hydrogel with micellar domains
Sapárová, Alica ; Krouská, Jitka (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This diploma thesis was focused on the system of agarose hydrogels with micellar domains. Polysaccharide agarose was used for the preparation of hydrogel matrices. Septonex was chosen as a surfactant. The release of solubilizate from the agarose hydrogel matrix was studied with a hydrophobic dye Sudan III in order to obtain a model system of hydrophobic solubilized drugs. Sudan III was solubilized via surfactant´s micels. Subsequently, this micellar aqueous solution with the dissolved dye was used to prepare the agarose hydrogel. The system was prepared in the environment of deionized water and physiologic solution. The gradual release of the dye into deionized water and physiologic solution was studied for 22 days using the UV-VIS spectrophotometry method. It was found that after 14 days the concentration of the releasing dyes into the deionized water was decreased. The cause is that after 14 and 22 days there was a slight degradation of gels, which was detected using the rheology method. Using the rheology method it was also found that Septonex does not affect the gel formation process.
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A microemulsion-based phase-separated hydrogel
Kacvinská, Katarína ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Mravec, Filip (advisor)
The main aim of the bachelor thesis is to create a microemulsion based – phase – separated hydrogel. It describes the possible mechanism of preparation, which is based on microemulsion. Microemulsion was prepared by solubilization of oil in the hydrophobic parts of cationic surfactant CTAB. Followed by phase separation with hyaluronic acid has occurred the phase – separated hydrogel. Rheological measurements show that this hydrogel decreases mechanical properties as compared to phase – separated hydrogel from micellar solution. Overall, these hydrogels with the addition of oil, reduce the viscoelastic character, decrease elastic module and possibly increase the viscosity. The higher molecular weight of hyaluronan in these modified hydrogels forms stronger and more rigid gel structures, compared to low molecular weight. The measurements show that the hydrogel containing microemulsion of olive oil improve mechanical properties, unlike the microemulsion of sunflower oil. TSCPC analysis shows formation of spherical structure in the hydrophilic part of gel. Based on the lifetimes of Nile red this may be an emulsion w/o or more complicated structure like o/w/o.
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Model delivery systems for poorly soluble drugs
Sapárová, Alica ; Holínková, Petra (referee) ; Pilgrová, Tereza (advisor)
The solubilizing capacity of micelle–hyaluronan system was studied using the UV-VIS spectrophotometry method. Septonex was chosen as a surfactant and four molecular weights of hyaluronan were used. Solubilization experiments with a hydrophobic dye Sudan Red G and Sudan III were performed in order to obtain a model system of solubilized drugs, which are also hydrophobic. The system was prepared in the environment of mili-Q water. The influence of the molecular weight of hyaluronan on the solubilizing ability has been studied. It was found that concentration of solubilized dyes increases by increasing concentration of micelles in the system and the molecular weight of hyaluronan affects the solubility of the dyes.
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Energy transfer and hydrophobic domains in colloidal systems
Kučerová, Petra ; Čeppan, Michal (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
In this thesis resonance energy transfer between perylene and fluorescein in tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) solution was studied. The influence of addition of native or modified sodium hyaluronate on resonance energy transfer was also investigated. The addition of native sodium hyaluronate supports energy transfer at lower fluorescein concentrations and the addition of modified sodium hyaluronate influences the maximal value of energy transfer effectivity. Strong influence on the critical micelle concentration (CMC) values with the addition of sodium hyaluronate during CMC of TTAB determination was investigated. The data indicates not only micelles formation, but also formation of aggregates of sodium hyaluronate with TTAB. Aggregation numbers of TTAB with addition of native and modified sodium hyaluronate by the quenching of pyrene by cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was investigated. The addition of sodium hyaluronate into the solution of TTAB changes the average mean aggregation number. Solute exchange between micelles of TTAB and the influence of addition of modified sodium hyaluronate on this exchange was also investigated. No solute exchange between micelles in TTAB and in TTAB with added modified sodium hyaluronate was discovered during this experiment.
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Micellar interaction in conditions of phase-separated hydrogel
Lokajová, Aneta ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Mravec, Filip (advisor)
The work aims to study the interaction between hyaluronic acid and the surfactant cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB) with proper fluorescent method. Hyaluronan is the strong hydrophilic natur polymer which product viscose solutions with water. It can be found in the joints, skin, eyeball in the live organism. It takes places at cancer growth. It is highly used in cosmetics and medicine because it is nontoxic and biodegradabile. It is used as a aqueous agent or the drug delivery. The work aims to study the interaction with the hydrophobic surfactant with attemption to show or disprove the mutual effect. The emission spectra of pyrene were observed by fluorescence method. The pyren was used as a fluorescent probe.
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Transport of Biomedical Active Compounds Through Porous Membranes
Vašíčková, Kateřina ; Smilková, Marcela (referee) ; Smilek, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with a study of transport of biomedical active compounds through porous membranes. The main goal is to optimize a penetration method of micellar solutions with a solubilized dye and subsequently with solubilized drug. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is chosen as a surfactant and a nile red dye is used as a diffusion and fluorescence probe. Selected active compound is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen with analgesic and antipyretic effects. The diffusion processes are realized using Franz diffusion cells with polycarbonate membrane with a 2 µm size of poruses. The samples are withdrawn in a chosen time intervals and afterwards evaluated by a fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Using this method, it is possible to screen the diffusion in time even in nanomolar concentrations of a fluorescence probe chosen. This thesis provides an overview of nile red behaviour in the micellar solutions of surfactant during diffusion processes. The experiment can be extended using an active compound, for instance using a ketoprofen as it is mentioned above.
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Hydrogels prepared from hydrophobized hyaluronan and micelles
Daňková, Kristýna ; Smilek, Jiří (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This Master‘s thesis is focused on the preparation of hydrogels based on a hydrophobic derivative of hyaluronic acid palmitoyl hyaluronan in presence of biosurfactant decyl glucoside’s micelles and micelles of surfactant triton X-100. For followed characterization were chosen rheological tests and infrared spectrometry. There was observed influence of preparation method, type and concentration of surfactant and presence of micelles on final features of the hydrogel. Moreover, an experimental test of swelling was performed with interesting results for future research.
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Hyaluronan-Micelle Aggregates and their Potential for Nanomedicine Applications
Pilgrová, Tereza ; Burgert, Ladislav (referee) ; Reháková, Milena (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This thesis deals with the study of preparation and characterization of hyaluronan-micelle aggregates. The theoretical part deals with drug delivery systems, characterization of used materials and methods especially fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and turbidimetry. Methods of determination of measured data are summarized in the experimental section. The result section is divided into two subsections dedicated to different preparation methods of hyaluronan-surfactant complexes. Induced aggregates of hyaluronan with Septonex are characterized in terms of their origin and stability, and the results are compared with previously studied surfactants CTAB. In the second part are discussed so-called decorated micelles, their formation, properties and stability.
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Resonance energy transfer in the environment of the hydrogel matrix
Janča, David ; Venerová, Tereza (referee) ; Mravec, Filip (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with resonance energy transfer in hydrogel matrix enviroment. In the theoretical part, all the important features of these systems and their components are summarized and all the principles for explaining the method used are described. The work also includes a short literary background research. In the experimental part, the resonance energy transfer was measured in micellar solutions and hydrogels in 0.15 M NaCl medium. The hydrogels were formed on the basis of interaction of the surfactant with the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte. As a positively charged surfactant, carbethopendecinium bromide (Septonex) was chosen and hyaluronan as the negatively charged polyelectrolyte. Perylene with fluorescein and perylene were selected as fluorescent pairs for RET. It has been found that increasing concentration of the acceptor molecule increases the intensity of RET, in other word the rate of acceptor binding to the donor. In the study of fluorescent pair of perylene with DiO was observed, that it was not appropriate to use fluorescence probe DiO at higher concentrations. Experiments were carried out to determine whether RET changes in the time from the point of mixing the donor and acceptor fluorescence probes together. This phenomenon has not been confirmed. In hydrogels, the effect of increasing surfactant concentration and molecular weight of hyaluronan was observed. The resulting analysis showed that the molecular weight of hyaluronan has a significant effect on RET efficiency in hydrogels.
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Fluorescence quenching in study of aggregation behavior of colloids
Srholcová, Barbora ; Hrdina,, Radim (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This work focuses on examination of hyaluronan-sulfactant aggregates in term of determination of aggregate number. The value of critical micellar concentration (CMC) cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in three different solvents (water, phosphate buffer and physiological solution). Next the effect of the native hyaluronan supplement on the value of CMC was examined. It wasfound out that the solvent has the biggest effect on the value of CMC whilst the hyaluronan supplement affects CMC only a little. The aggregate number (Nagg) CTAB and the effect of the native hyaluronan supplement were determined out by means of fluorescence quenching. Pyrene was used as a fluorescence probe. Iodine and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) were used as quenchers. Sulfactant was dissolved in three different solvents (water, phosphate buffer and physiological solution). Not only the hyaluronan supplement but also the used solvent has the strong effect on the value of the aggregate number. When using 10mM CTAB dissolved in physiological solution the value of Nagg was 119 ± 4 while the value was half in buffer. Then we found out that in most cases the hyaluronan supplement reduces the value of the aggregate number.
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