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The Role of Empathy in Ethical Behaviour
Novák, Lukáš ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.
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Construction of intencionality by adolescent deliquents
Onder, Jakub
Title: Identity and intentioanlity construction by delinquents Author: Mgr. Jakub Onder, Ph.D. Department: Department of psychology, PedF UK Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Irena Smetáčková, Ph.D. Abstract: Delinquency represents a social issue of considerable importance. However, not as much attention is paid to antisocial individuals in psychology in relation to research as needed. In order to discern the causes of delinquency and to propose pedagogic and psychologic prevention actions, it is necessary to examine in detail the way de- linquents see the world around them and themselves. In my work, I present qualitati- ve research in the identity and intentionality of delinquents which is based on the ana- lysis of the interviews with five incarcerated persons, recidivists, at the age of 25 - 35, and also on the study of their Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) performances. For the analysis of TAT, I used a psychoanalytical approach in accordance with the manual which was translated into Czech in 2019. The result of the research is a des- cription of found identity, intentionality, and also the so-called theory of retribution. Another result is the description of the structure and dynamics of their personality from psychoanalytic point of view. Keywords: Delinquency, identity, mentalization, borderline personality...
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Identity and intentioanlity construction by delinquents
Onder, Jakub ; Smetáčková, Irena (advisor) ; Chrz, Vladimír (referee) ; Polišenská, Veronika Anna (referee)
Delinquency represents a social issue of considerable importance. However, not as much attention is paid to antisocial individuals in psychology in relation to research as needed. In order to discern the causes of delinquency and to propose pedagogic and psychologic prevention actions, it is necessary to examine in detail the way delinquents see the world around them and themselves. In my work, I present qualitative research in the identity and intentionality of delinquents which is based on the analysis of the interviews with five incarcerated persons, recidivists, at the age of 25 - 35, and also on the study of their Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) performances. For the analysis of TAT, I used a psychoanalytical approach in accordance with the manual which was translated into Czech in 2019. The result of the research is a description of found identity, intentionality, and also the so-called theory of retribution. Another result is the description of the structure and dynamics of their personality from psychoanalytic point of view. Keywords: Delinquency, identity, mentalization, borderline personality organization
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The Role of Empathy in Ethical Behaviour
Novák, Lukáš ; Matějek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ovečka, Libor (referee)
More than two hundred years ago David Hume together with his fellow philosopher Adam Smith posited, that ethical behaviour arises from so called: "moral sense". In the other words, they share the same idea, that passions are principle evoking and guiding human behaviour. Hume claim: "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions" (…). It is possible that this statement - among others - woke up from the 'dogmatic dream' one of the greatest philosophers of all time - Immanuel Kant, who propose, - contrary to Hume - that reason but not necessary passions can determinate human actions. In the question of what rule the passions in ethics have, it seems to be helpful to use the knowledge which follows from recent science. During this thesis we will use methods such as: comparison, analysis and synthesis. Main aim of this thesis will be to deal with the following question: what relationship can be observed between empathy, "moral sense" and ethical behaviour in perspective of recent science. This enquiry will therefore try to deal with the old question: what the the relationship between reason, passions and ethical behaviour is.
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