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Vegetarian diet in pregnancy
Popovyčová, Jana ; Starnovská, Tamara (advisor) ; Pejšová, Hana (referee)
Introduction: The topic I chose for my bachelor thesis is called vegetarian diet during pregnancy. My effort is to specify the vegetarian way of eating more specifically and also to bring closer to the eating habits of pregnant women who eat a meat-free vegetarian diet. Objectives: The objective of the theoretical part of the thesis is to provide the reader with a depper understanding of the alternative nutritional direction of vegetarianism, specific distribution, history, benefits and also the risks associated with it. The final part of the theoretical work is devoted to the nutrition of a pregnant vegetarian woman. The main goal of the research investigation of the bachelor 's thesis was to find out whether a vegetarian diet is suitable during pregnancy, what are the eating habits of pregnant vegetarian women and how the pregnancy of the women I approached in my research progressed. Another goal was to find out whether the interviewed women continue to educate themselves during pregnancy and draw information from relevant sources, whether they consulted their lifestyle with their doctors, and finally to find out what type of diet they plan for their offspring in the future, whether they will eat a vegetarian diet, or they will have freedom of choice in choosing what they want to consume....
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LIBS analysis of heavy metals in plant matrice
Opluštil, Marek ; Pořízka, Pavel (referee) ; Krčma, František (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of cadmium distribution in the plant matrix using laser - induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Technical hemp plants grown in soil with different cadmium concentrations were used as samples. The theoretical part focuses on LIBS methods in terms of basic principles, description of accompanying phenomena during measurements and instrumentation. Advantages and disadvantages over other analytical techniques as well as practical applications are also described. In addition, the issue of cadmium in the environment, its occurrence and use in human activities is described. In the experimental part, the methodology for sample preparation for LIBS and ICP-OES analysis is described. The aim of this work is to observe the effect of cadmium on the growth of plants that were successively harvested weekly until the fourth week. Subsequently, plant and soil samples were prepared for LIBS and ICP-OES measurements and the results were evaluated. ICP-OES analysis led to the determination of each element content. The LIBS method provided information on the areal distribution of the elements (spectral maps), allowing to see in which plants part the determined element is located. It is clear from the results of the experimental part that the LIBS method is very advantageous and efficient in the analysis of elements in biological matrices, both biogenic and toxic.
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Obesity as a serious issue to public health of European Union inhibitans
FOŘTOVÁ, Eliška
The topic of my thesis is Obesity as a serious issue to public health of European Union inhabitants and it is composed of two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I focus on the definition of obesity, its kinds and various means of assessment of obesity. I further focus on individual macronutrients, water and alcohol, but also on prevention, causes and consequential treatment of obesity. For my bachelor thesis I set 4 goals, which I focus on in the practical part. The first goal was comparison of the level of obesity in the population of the Czech Republic and other EU states, the second was charting of knowledge of the general population about health risks associated with obesity, the third was a survey of eating habits among a selected group of obese individuals over 25 years of age and charting of the content of their diet, the fourth goal was suggestion in terms of lowering the level of obesity in the population. The survey group regarding the second and third goal was composed of 73 obese respondents (with BMI over 29,9) older than 25 years of age, who have filled out a short questionnaire of my own. For the successful completion of the second part of the third goal I processed records of 8 individuals´ diet for a week (4 women and 4 men), entered this data into the Nutriservis software and then compared it with dietary recommendations on macronutrients contained as well as the amount of energy received. According to the results the majority of respondents knows about at least some health risks associated with obesity, only 7% does not know about any. The majority of respondents, however, does not eat according to dietary recommendations, does not consume enough fruits and vegetables, fish and does not drink enough liquid. The diet of the selected group of respondents did in no way meet dietary recommendations. The majority of respondents had an unbalanced income of macronutrients through the week, the average level of protein and fat was higher and the average level of carbohydrates lower than dietary recommendations. In addition, the income of energy was higher than its consumption.
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Food supplements and their use for influencing physical fitness
Ješko, Václav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Černá, Sylvie (referee)
The title of the thesis: Food supplements and their use by people attending fitness centers The aim of the thesis: The aim of the thesis is to collect information about food supplements and determine which food supplements are the most frequently used in fitness centers. The methods of the thesis: By the controlled interview to determine what types of food supplements are the most frequently used by people attending fitness centers. The results of the thesis: The majority of people visiting fitness centers use some kind of food supplements. Keywords: food, macronutrients, micronutrients, supplements, fitness center, recommended daily doses.
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Diet system from the perspective of macronutrients and micronutrients
Kočí, Kateřina ; Šišková, Ivana (advisor) ; Starnovská, Tamara (referee)
The aim of the thesis: The aim of this observational study of non-interventional nature, was to map the representation of macronutrients and selected micronutrients in the menus served to patients suffering of gastritis as well as other nutrition diets. Additionally, to research and review the dietary systems in healthcare facilities of the Czech Republic, in order to compare the obtained data with recommended nutritional intakes, as recommended/stated in the issue "Reference Values for Nutrition Intake". The purpose is to evaluate, whether both types of the diets follow the recommended values. Methodology: The source of the data for this thesis were the menus distributed to patients following the recommendations of norms related to gastritis and rational nutrition diets for the period of one week. By applying the "Nutriservis PROFESIONAL software" the content of studied macronutrients and selected micronutrients in the daily menus was determined in the collected data. Results: Ten selected healthcare facilities from six regions in the Czech Republic participated in the research. It was determined from the obtained data, that insufficient presence of fiber, wrong balance, as well as the amount of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids along with high amount of sodium were the key malpractices,...
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Content of macronutrients and salt in the nutrition of toddlers
Radomská, Věra ; Velemínský, Miloš (advisor) ; Stránský, Miroslav (referee)
The present diploma thesis is engaged in the content of macronutrients and salt in the diet of toddlers. The theoretical part examines the characteristics of the toddler age, delineating the physiological and psychosocial development of toddlers. In addition, the theoretical part analyses in detail the individual components of a healthy diet, fluid intake and technological procedures of meal preparation. The theoretical part further provides the characterization of correct and incorrect eating habits. The objective of the research part is to determine the knowledge level of parents with respect to a healthy diet of toddlers; another objective is to ascertain the intake of macronutrients and salt on individual days and a four-day average, based on the programme Nutriservis Professional. The third objective is to compare results relating the intake of macronutrients and salt with DACH recommendations, binding in the Czech Republic. On the basis of the evaluation of our results, as the fourth objective, recommendations for parents as to the diet of toddlers will be prepared. The research part was completed under the application of quantitative and qualitative research methods. The first part of the research was conducted by form of a questionnaire survey. The other part was carried out by making...
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The relationship between eating habbits and use of alcohol in adult obese individuals
Ambrožová, Markéta ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee)
Startings: Etiopathogenesis of obesity applies influence of many factors which are together in a variety of interactions. This bachelor paper focuses on monitoring the relationship between psychobehaviolar characteristics and alcohol use in obese adult individuals. Targets: The primary aim of the study is to analyze eating habits and behaviour. For example the number of daily food servings, regular breakfasts, total intake of energy and macronutrient, dining preferences, score of restriction, disinhibition and hunger, the level of depression in relation to alcohol consumption. The bachelor paper further focuses on identifying other possible links (influence of gender, relationships between the consumption of alcoholic drinks, preferences of certain foods etc.). Also other parameters such as reasons that the respondents considered to be the cause of their body weight increase and the maximum and minimum body weight in adulthood were monitored. Methodics: 41 women (median (lower, upper quartile)): age = 51.07 (40.43, 61.25), BMI = 37.56 (31.85, 40.48) and 10 men: age = 41.38 (36.67, 51.72), BMI = 36.87 (32.55, 40.66) were monitored. A questionnare-based research using internationally recognised questionnaires was used to conduct the research. These were: the Eating Inventory (EI), Beck Depression...
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Food supplements and their use for influencing physical fitness
Ješko, Václav ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Černá, Sylvie (referee)
The title of the thesis: Food supplements and their use by people attending fitness centers The aim of the thesis: The aim of the thesis is to collect information about food supplements and determine which food supplements are the most frequently used in fitness centers. The methods of the thesis: By the controlled interview to determine what types of food supplements are the most frequently used by people attending fitness centers. The results of the thesis: The majority of people visiting fitness centers use some kind of food supplements. Keywords: food, macronutrients, micronutrients, supplements, fitness center, recommended daily doses.
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Changes in body weight over a one-year period on the basis of dietary-habit adjustments in women in the age group 50+
SLÍPKOVÁ, Klára
The thesis deals with the issue of controlled body-weight reduction by means of adjustments to dietary habits in women in the age group 50+. The paper comprises two parts, theoretical and practical. The former one defines basic terms and the issue of obesity. It provides information about substances essential for proper function of body organs and touches upon problematic aspects of current eating habits. The latter part includes the characteristics of the subjects and adjustments they underwent to their diets. In the final part are presented the results of the work: how the changes influenced the body weight and concomitant aspects (amount of fat, active body weight, amount of water).
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