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Properties and application of ferrofluids
Vaverka, Jakub ; Šedivý, Dominik (referee) ; Zbavitel, Jan (advisor)
Ferrofluids are substances that can change their properties through an external magnetic field. The theoretical part of this bachelor thesis explains the nature and properties of these liquids, and how they are made. The next chapter provides concrete examples of ferrofluid use, and where it is possible to direct current research. The principal objective of the experimental part is to measure and evaluate the surface tension of two different samples of kerosene-based ferrofluids.
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Magnetic particles as analytical tool in medicine
Gablech, Evelína ; Pekárková, Jana (referee) ; Hubálek, Jaromír (advisor)
This work reports on knowledge of magnetic nanoparticles, modification of their surface and their using in different areas. Literature review describes using MNPs in separation techniques of analytic biochemistry to imobilizate nucleic acids and proteins. The matter of experimental part is synthesis of MNPs using coprecipitation of iron salts and next modification of their surface. In MNPs preparation the effect of the presence of PEG in the reaction mixture and the temperature effect on the resulting properties of MNPs was examined. MNPs surface was modified by two different methods, emulsion polymerization method with precursors MMA and AAc, and carboxylation method using 11 -mercaptoundecanoic acid. PEG or temperature had little effect on the properties of the prepared MNPs. Establishing carboxyl groups succeeded only when the method of emulsion polymerization was used.
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Preparation and Characterization of Drug Carrier Systems on the Basis of Magnetic Nanoparticles
Chvátalová, Barbora ; Burdíková, Jana (referee) ; Kalina, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of magnetic nanoparticles, optimizing their preparation and stabilization. The nanoparticles with different ratios of Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions were prepared by coprecipitation by variously concentrated sodium hydroxide. Three samples of particles were selected and were further observed. Their stability in Milli-Q water, buffer, polyvinylalcohol, hyaluronic acid and chitosan was studied in function of time using methods of dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering. By UV-VIS spectrometry it was confirmed that the magnetic nanoparticles were actually prepared. Nanoparticles coated with chitosan and hyaluronic acid were then further characterized using FT-IR, XRD and SEM.
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Cell labeling with magnetic particles
Kukhta, Dziyana ; Janoušek, Oto (referee) ; Čmiel, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes the movement of cells labelled with magnetic nanoparticles in the magnetic field in the direction of the magnet. First, it describes two types of magnets: permanent magnet and electromagnet. Then, it is dedicated to magnetic field sensors, magnetic nanoparticles and their incorporation in cells, optical systems for detecting cell movement and the effect of electromagnetic fields on cells. The practical part is dedicated to the incorporation of nanoparticles in cells, the measurement of the magnetic field intensity of a neodymium magnet and an electromagnet, and the methods of electromagnet control. It also describes the effect of electromagnetic fields on fibroblasts and the concentration of nanoparticles on the ability of the labelled cells to react to a magnetic field. The last part is dedicated to the production of a flow chamber, the analysis of the movement of cells in the chamber and the subsequent capture of cells in various magnetic fields.
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Magnetic Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery System of Plasmid into HEK293 cells
Bílek, Ondřej ; Svoboda, Ondřej (referee) ; Fohlerová, Zdenka (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with using of magnetic nanoparticles, SPIO nanoparticles and nanoparticles of commercial product MATra for transfection of ASAP plasmid into HEK293 cells and subsequent optimization of the process. The experimental part is enclosed with theorethical part that summarizes findings from the fields of synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and their biomedical applications, theory dealing with possibilities of the insertion of foreign DNA or plasmids into the cell and of its efficiency evaluation.
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The application of magnetic particles for DNA isolation from thermally processed food products
Hronová, Aneta ; Rittich, Bohuslav (referee) ; Kovařík, Aleš (advisor)
The thesis has been focused on testing of micromethod of DNA isolation using magnetic particles from thermic-managed food products in a quality suitable for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Currant jams were selected for the analysis. These were homogenized using plastic copist and stomacher in lysis buffer with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The effect of chloroform-octanol and isopropanol in the preparation of homogenates was tested. Homogenates were used for DNA isolation by magnetic particles. Rough fraction of DNA was purified by binding on the magnetic particles after centrifugation of the CTAB complexes with proteins, polyphenols and polysaccharides. Two types of magnetic particles were tested: microparticles of poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate-co-glycidylmethacrylate) - P(HEMA-co-GMA) and nanoparticles of iron oxides covered by poly(L-lysine) - PLL. Isolated DNA was analyzed spectrophotometrically - it was assessed its concentration and contamination by polyphenols and proteins. After that, amplification of the DNA was tested in PCR. Primers specific for plant ribosomal DNA were used. PCR products of expected length 700 bp were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. It was shown that DNA isolated from currant jams using magnetic particles was in PCR-ready quality.
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Study of reversible adsorption of nucleid acids on magnetic carriers
Šálek, Petr ; Ing.Daniel Horák, CSc. (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
Reversible adsorption of nucleid acids on magnetic carriers was studied in this diploma thesis. Magnetic P(HEMA-co-GMA) microspheres and magnetic glass particles were used. The aim of the study was to isolate DNA in suitable quality for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Adsorption of DNA on magnetic carriers was achieved after DNA condensation by PEG and NaCl in separation mixture. PEGs of various molecular weight (600 and 6000 g/mol) and different concentrations of PEG in separation mixture (4, 8, 12, 16%) were used. Quantity of eluted DNA incerased with molecular weight and concentration of PEG in separation mixtures. Optimized experimental conditions were applied for the separation of DNA from chicken erythrocytes, purified DNA, DNA in crude lysates of bacterial cells of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei CCDM 211/06 and from real samples (liquid dairy products, hard cheese). The presence of target DNA in eluates was tested using genus specific PCR (genus Lactobacillus) or species specific PCR (species Bifidobacterium longum) Aqueous two-phase system (liquid-liquid) was used for separation of DNA from real symplex, too. At first the condiotions aqueous two-phase systém creation were studied. It was created by 16% PEG of various molecular weight (600, 6000 g/mol) and by various concentration of ammonium sulphate. Reversible DNA adsorption on carboxyl group-containing magnetic nonporous P(HEMA-co-EDMA) microspheres for the isolation PCR-ready DNA from liquid dairy products containing PCR inhibitors was studied, too. The quality of isolated DNA was checked by PCR amplification.The presumption on the elimination of PCR inhibitors from DNA samples was confirmed.
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Využití různých typů povrchově modifikovaných magnetických nanočástic pro izolaci a purifikaci bakteriální DNA/RNA
Bednářová, Eliška
In the submitted thesis "The use of different types of surface modified magnetic nanoparticles for isolation and purification of bacterial DNA/RNA", magnetic nanoparticles modified with tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) were used. The aim was to optimize the nucleic acid isolation protocol using magnetic particles from both gram negative and gram positive bacteria in order to achieve the highest possible RNA yield. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the structure and composition of bacterial cells were summarized, especially the composition of the cell wall, which allows the bacteria to be divided into gram positive and gram negative. Furthermore, the different options for bacterial detection used in clinical practice were presented. Nucleic acid isolation is often an essential step in the detection of bacteria using molecular methods. A method based on magnetic particles is one of them, and the principle was explained here. The composition and functionalisation of the particles used for nucleic acid isolation have been described. In the practical part of the thesis, magnetic particles were characterized by several methods to specify their properties. Thus, the most suitable particles for nucleic acid isolations was selected. Next, the particles were used to optimize the procedure for nucleic acid isolation from cell lysate. The lysis buffer with 30% Triton X-100 detergent was determined to be the most effective and similar results were obtained with the 30% EcoSurf detergent. Subsequently, a method for efficient bacterial cell lysis was optimalized. Several methods were used and the best results were achieved by mechanical homogenization with 0.1 mm zirconia beads in combination with lysis buffer with 1% EcoSurf detergent. RNA yields from isolations by magnetic particles were compared with those from column isolations using a commercial isolation kit. Approximately 350 ng/µl of RNA yield was achieved for S. aureus using the column method, while 70 ng/µl less was achieved using magnetic particles. RNA yields were significantly higher than those using custom buffers, therefore, further optimization of the isolation protocol and composition of custom buffers in nucleic acid isolation would be advisable. Magnetic particles with both TEOS and APTES modifications have great potential for use in the isolation of nucleic acids from bacteria.
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Nanoparticles formed by complexes of copolymers with low-molar-mass compounds
Vojtová, Jana
This thesis is focused on mixed systems of various copolymers (double hydrophilic block and gradient polyelectrolytes, hydrophobic graft copolymers) and low-molar-mass compounds (sodium dodecyl sulfate as a representative of a ionic surfactant or superparamagnetic iron oxides in the form of nanocrystals). The electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions in the studied systems in aqueous solutions leading to aggregation behavior and to the formation of co-assembled nanoparticles were investigated by combination of scattering and microscopy techniques, including light, X-ray and neutron scattering, electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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