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Lactose intolerance and adding dairy products into the diet
KÁCHOVÁ, Nikola
The bachelor's thesis entitled "Lactose intolerance and the inclusion of dairy products in the diet" is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the issue of lactose intolerance, calcium, discusses the importance of milk and dairy products in the diet and also deals with dietary solutions. The practical part is focused on the general awareness of people diagnosed with lactose intolerance, the inclusion of milk and dairy products in the diet and their evaluation. The aim is to map the inclusion of milk and dairy products in the diet of patients with lactose intolerance and to evaluate whether the diet of patients with lactose intolerance is adequate in terms of energy, macronutrient and calcium intake. The research is carried out using a quantitative method using a questionnaire. I obtained respondents, people diagnosed with lactose intolerance, with the help of doctors and nutrition therapists, but also with me personally during the internships. I also evaluated weekly menu entries using by Nutriservis Professional. From the obtained data, I found out that patients with lactose intolerance include milk and dairy products in the diet sporadically. Their lactose-free variants are included in the diet more often, but the survey found that they prefer plant alternatives to milk and dairy products. The recommended calcium intake was not achieved in selected respondents if they do not supplement calcium. Dietary calcium intake averages 394 mg/day. More than half of the respondents do not achieve the required intake of energy, macronutrients or calcium. This bachelor's thesis can serve as a source of information for patients with lactose intolerance, or for students interested in this issue, professionals and the general public. It points to deficiencies in the diets of patients with lactose intolerance.
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Molecular detection of selected gene polymorphisms related to nutrition (nutrichip validation)
TURKOVÁ, Kateřina
Lactose intolerance is the most common food intolerance in the world. Individuals with lactose intolerance are unable to produce the enzyme lactase in the small intestine, which makes it possible to break down the lactose contained in dairy products. Insufficient lactase production may be genetically determined. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms responsible for the persistence of lactase activity in adulthood have been found in the European population. Celiac disease is one of the autoimmune diseases that mainly affects the mucous membrane of the small intestine. The disease is characterized by intolerance to gliadin, which is part of gluten. Intolerance leads to chronic inflammation of the small intestinal mucosa, leading to chronic diarrhea, fatty stools, vomiting and fatigue. The development of celiac disease is conditioned by the presence of a genetic predisposition. Genetic predisposition is linked to HLA system alleles. Specifically, these are the HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes.
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Výskyt laktózové intolerance v české populaci
CHÁNOVÁ, Jiřina
The aim of this diploma thesis is to summarize the current knowledge on the issue of very common gastrointestinal disorder - lactose intolerance. In the experimental part, the occurrence of genotypic frequencies in the MCM6 gene was screened. Specifically, the occurrence of two single nucleotide polymorphisms C/T-13910 and G/A-22018, which are associated with primary hypolactasia. A further aim of the work was to evaluate the possible association between lactose intolerance and irritable bowel syndrome.
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Lactose intolerance
Kašpárková, Týna ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Trachta, Pavel (referee)
(v AJ) The diploma thesis deals with problém called lactose introlerance. The theoretical part focuses primarily on what lactose, lactase and lactose inttolerance are. Its types, causes and symptoms, occurrence in the population (Czech and worldwide), diagnostic possibilities, both genetic and non-genetic and possible ways of prevention and treatment of this metabolic disorder. Other processed points are nutritional values of milk and dairy products, their importance in the diet, processing of milk and dairy products and their possible alternatives in the form of lactose-free milk preparations and so-called vegetable milk. The aim of the practical part of the thesis was to find out the respondents' awareness of lactose and lactose intolerance. Their consumpiton of milk and dairy products and knowledge and consumption of its plant substitutes. The results were examined by means of questionnaire survey, which was attended by both the ''lay'' public and persons with health education or health care. My result was that most respondents knew about the problem of lactose introlerance and its characteristics, up to 89.5 % of all tested. However, the public is less aware of the importance of milk and dairy products in the diet to prevent certain diseases. keywords: lactose intolerance, lactose, lactase,...
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Issues relating to lactose intolerance
Dolanská, Pavla ; Humlová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Meisnerová, Eva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with issues relating to lactose intolerance and examines its influence on the quality of life of patients suffering from it. The thesis is divided into two parts. Theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part deals with issues relating to lactose intolerance. The lactose intolerance is characterized on the basis of epidemiological data, its causes, the impact of genetics on its occurrence, pathophysiology, possible complications and clinical manifestations. An integral part of the thesis are methods used for its diagnosis and the possibilities of its therapy. The second part of the thesis focuses on nutritional recommendations associated with lactose intolerance. The main aim of the practical part is to map the relationship of adult patients to lactose intolerance. To find out, according to which method lactose intolerance has been diagnosed to the patients, which diagnostic method is the most common one, what is the most common time interval from patients' subjective problems to diagnosis, and how patients perceive the quality of their lives with the bounds of nutritional measures relating to lactose intolerance. The data obtained through the questionnaire survey show that the respondents do not perceive lactose...
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Validation of PCR-RFLP method for determination of lactose intolerance
PROSOVÁ, Denisa
The lactose intolerance is the most common food intolerance occurring worldwide. Individuals having the lactose intolerance cannot produce the laktase enzyme in thein small intestine. This enzyme is able to digest the lactose contained in milk. There are several wals for this disabilitty. The practical part of this bachaleor thesis is focused on the genetic origin of the lactose intolerance. In the population of Europe we can find as the most frequent the two polymorphism of the MCM6 gene that affect the production of laktase C/T13910 and G/A22018. In principle it concerns the new gene station which ensure the production of laktase enzyme even in adult age. The aim of this bachaleor thesis is to creat the research based on the recent knowledge Publisher in the specialized literature. There are gin to be describe all type sof the lactose intolerance and the ways of its diagnostics, futhermore e.g. the princupli of Alleny, the used laboratoř methods, the rule sof validation methods etc.. The pros and cons of every testing approach will be explained. The practical part is aiming at the implementation of the validation of the genetics test used for petting down the lactose intolerance and creating the validation protokol that will serve as a base of my bachaleor thesis. The genetic Cheb-up is based on the PCR-RFLP principle, within the metodology the laboratoř procedures being used in the genetic lab will be described. The validaton will flow into a detection if the applied method is sufficiently valid fot the diagnostics. The genetic analysis will focus on the two selected polymorphism C/T13910 and G/A22018. The sample with a familiar genotype that has already been verifie by sekvenation will be used for validation.
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Laktózová intolerance: výskyt ve světové populaci a možnosti její diagnostiky
CHÁNOVÁ, Jiřina
The aim of the theoretical part of this bachelors thesis was to give the summary of current knowledge of the topic 'lactose intolerance'. There are being characterized the cause of lactose intolerance, the global prevalence, possibilities of its diagnosis and of its treatment. The practical part deals with the methodology that I used for the detection of C/T-13910 and G/A-22018 polymorphism. In the genetic laboratory were tested 34 individuals for the lactose intolerance with method RFLP-PCR.
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Lactose intolerance - facts and myths
Staroveská, Natálie ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Raška, Ivan (referee)
The thesis deals with the lactose intolerance issue and the myths linked with milk consumption. The theoretical part describes milk composition, the most frequently used technologies in the dairy industry, types of milk (animal origin including breast milk) and types of dairy products on the Czech market. The meaning of milk in human nourishment regarding the prophylaxis of many diseases is also included. The terms lactose and lactase are explained. These are connected with the main part of the thesis describing lactose intolerance and its types, symptoms, diagnostics and therapy including lactose free diet. The cow's milk protein allergy is also mentioned as the second most frequent disease connected with milk consumption. In the end of the theoretical part the myths about milk consumption are explained. The practical part finds out the extent of refusing milk and dairy products, its reasons (lactose intolerance vs. myths) and diary replacement of the main nutrients. Final data were gained by questionnaire including 101 people. It shows us that the incidence of refusal of milk consumption is considerable (58%). The main reason for the refusal is lactose intolerance (45%) but the diagnose is frequently based on subjective opinion. Most of the people refusing milk are not interested in an...
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Lactose intolerance and diet solution
Bártová, Kateřina ; Frühauf, Pavel (advisor) ; El-Lababidi, Nabil (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with lactose intolerance and dietary solutions. The work is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part describes lactose intolerance, for example pathophysiology, incidence, clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications and treatment. The importance of drinking milk for children is explained in the chapter called Milk. The theoretical part is mainly devoted to dietary solutions. Lactose tolerance and principles of a low- lactose diet and lactose-free diet are described there. The table below contains an overview of common dairy products, including their hidden lactose value. Food which should be eatten, if lactose intolerance appears is described in the food section. This section is divided into naturally lactose free, reduced lactose and lactose free and alternative foods. The theoretical part also includes nutrition recommendations in cases of lactose intolerance. The practical part is about public knowledge of lactose intolerance. The aim was to determine if the respondents were familiar with the basic characteristics of the disease, with dining options for people with lactose intolerance, complications associated with the disease and whether they consume milk and dairy products or not. The result was obtained by quantitative research using...
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The interaction of lactase persistence and skin depigmentation in connection with the calcium assimilation hypothesis
Grendelová, Gréta ; Černý, Viktor (advisor) ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (referee)
The most recent genetic studies have proven that skin colour of our European ancestors was originally very dark. Skin depigmentation has begun after "out of Africa" time as a result of low levels of the ultraviolet radiation in changed regions at the higher latitudes. Lightly pigmented skin allows sunlight to penetrate human skin more deeply and vitamin D, which is essential for optimal functions of human body, is synthesised by biochemical interaction of ultraviolet radiation and epidermis. A deficit of vitamin D and calcium may be associated with the rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults. Following the correlation of rising depigmentation at the higher latitudes we may notice an increasing number of people with specific metabolic ability known as lactase persistence. Lactase persistence allows the digestion of milk sugar, lactose, in fresh milk in adulthood. It has likely evolved as a substitute in order to compensate for lower amounts of vitamin D in human body. The origin and spread of lactase persistence began around 7,000 years ago after the start of milk production. The oldest evidence of milk production was found in the Middle East. Lately, it has also been supported by the recent genetic analyses. Depigmentation and lactase persistence both began as an adaptation due to changed...
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