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District heating systems in the Czech Republic in the context of legislative changes
Hylas, Martin ; Poul, David (referee) ; Putna, Ondřej (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of the issue of district heating (DH) with regard to legislative changes in the European Union. The first part deals with the analysis of the issue and the evaluation of the state of CZT in the Czech Republic. The European Union's position on climate change, caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions, which are significantly produced by DH sources, is also discussed. The research part ends with an analysis of possible changes in the heating industry leading to the fulfillment of legislative requirements in the future. The second part of the bachelor's thesis deals with the elaboration of a case study of the change of the fuel mix for the heat source in the existing locality with the use of the technical-economic model. The main goal is to evaluate the usability of renewable resources (biomass, waste) as primary fuels instead of natural gas. The result of the practical part is a comparison of individual variants and changes in the cost of producing 1 GJ of heat compared to the reference variant.
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Cold production and trigeneration
Jordanov, Alexandr ; Toman, Filip (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is recherché dealing with cool production. The aim of this thesis is present the main cooling system, their comparison, practical realisations, describe laws, which should cooling systems accomplish and assess influence on the environment. The first two chapters are about cogeneration and trigeneration. The main part of the thesis is focused on different methods of cooling, their advantages, disadvantages and their influence on the environment. Because of refrigerants in cooling systems, which have negative impact on health and environment, is part of the thesis dealing with law. At the conclusion of the bachelor thesis is the assessment of cooling systems and their forward-looking perspective present.
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Model of district heating network
Kolenčíková, Jana ; Skála, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
Subject of this thesis is district heating and heating network model design. Firstly, it de-scribes basic principles of heat supply and its elements. Secondly, computational model of heating network is created based on grid map of the network. The model contains proposed pipeline system and calculation of heat and pressure losses. Lastly, price map for heat con-sumption points, in dependence on heat losses, is presented.
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Control of gas microturbine equipped with waste heat recovery system
Kijanica, Michael ; Konečná, Eva (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with control of the cogeneration system which utilizes waste heat from gas microturbine. This complex cogeneration system was created in Laboratory of Energy Intensive Processes NETME Centre and its main purpose is the research in utilization of high temperature flue gas from Capstone C30 microturbine for drying laundry. In case of implementation of similar cogeneration system in industrial or commercial laundries, it is necessary to design automatic control of such system to make laundry - operations easier, minimizing energy waste and maximizing safety.
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"Power-to-Gas" Energy Storage Technology
Gálíček, Radomír ; Špiláček, Michal (referee) ; Poláčik, Ján (advisor)
Climate change is becoming a severe global issue which demands innovative technical solutions. If, in the context of reduction of gaseous carbon emissions, the share of renewable energy resources continued to rise, the need for energy storage would emerge. That could mean a shift towards hydrogen focused technologies. This bachelor’s thesis focuses on Power to gas processes and summarizes means of hydrogen production, storage and transportation. All the mentioned aspects are reviewed from technological and economical point of view. Conventional methods of hydrogen production from fossil fuels are the most common, but usage of electrolysis or biological methods may prove as competitive options in near future. Furthermore, the usage of fuel cells in the field of small-scale cogeneration units is recently going through a phase of dynamic development. The practical part of this thesis focuses on designing a seasonal Power to gas unit for a semi-detached house which is powered exclusively by renewable resources. From numerous variants the best one was chosen and compared to a conventional energy storage using lithium batteries. It is shown that even thou the electrochemical cells are more flexible variant they couldn’t match Power to gas technology in the term of seasonal energy storage.
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Cogeneration units for family houses
Pekárek, Michal ; Toman, Filip (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The scope of this bachelor’s thesis is basic design cogeneration unit in family house. The work is divided into three parts. The first part includes a summary of suitable cogeneration units. For each technology is mentioned short description with advantages and disadvantages. Based on this information was made a conclusion, that the most suitable microcogeneration units are with combustion engine, Stirling engine and fuel cells. This section focuses on legal requirements, which are connected with the application in family houses. The last section deals with the application in a specific family house. Heat loss of family house is 12,4 kW, amount of heat we have to provide for heating and warm water is 41,7 MWh and during the year was used 3,15 MWh of electricity. We have decided to design three different variations, all traffic-related cost and revenues are calculated for each design. In conclusion, they are compared with original state of energy supply to the family house.
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Experimental verification of a gas micro-turbine cogeneration system
Buřil, Lukáš ; Konečná, Eva (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with problematics of natural gas microturbine integration into industrial laundry operation. This integration means utilization of waste heat for direct drying and water heating in a heat exchanger. This heated water can be used in further laundry processes, for example laundering. All the experiments were carried out on the cogeneration system that is installed in Laboratory of Energy Intensive Processes in NETME Centre at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of Brno University of Technology. This system consists of a natural gas microturbine Capstone C30 with nominal electric power of 30 kW, an industrial dryer Primus DX55 with a nominal capacity of 55 kg for laundry and a heat exchanger Vakading type Vakavlas with nominal power of 53 kW. All necessary theoretical and technical preparation was done in order to carry out experiments as follows: • Standard drying program • Water accumulation test • Test of performance of heat exchanger • Direct drying with the use of microturbine’s flue gases These experiments were analyzed and discussed within this thesis. The main contribution of this work is as follows: • Summary of all the knowledge in the area of direct drying • Creation of methodology of utilization of flue gases for direct drying not only in laundry industry but in related fields • Summary of requirements and ways of heat exchanger testing and determination of heat exchanger parameters • Determination of optimal working settings of installed cogeneration system • Description of weak spots in the system and suggested improvements • Basic economic analysis of operating costs During the experiments, it was found that in case of direct drying better results could be achieved in comparison with standard drying. The functionality of the whole system together with the heat exchanger was verified and thus also the possibility of integrating the turbine into the washing process was confirmed. The integration of a natural gas microturbine is both technically and economically feasible for many industrial applications.
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Energy use of biomass
Ošťádal, Michal ; Elbl, Patrik (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to search for technologies for biomass conversion with subsequent energy utilization. At the beginning of the work is analyzed the nature of biomass as an energy source. The next part deals with individual technologies. The following section deals with combustion and biogas chains. The penultimate chapter deals with chosen energy sources. The last chapter is statistical processing of emissions, mining, electricity and heat production from renewable sources and biomass.
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