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Biochemical analyses of the DNA interaction partners
Valchová, Michaela ; Coufal,, Jan (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
This thesis was focused on DNA analysis. The fluorescently labelled oligonucleotides were at first hybridised and subsequently analysed by HRM analysis to determine the melting temperatures of the oligonucleotides depending on the environment. This thesis describes the change of melting temperature of oligonucleotides in environments containing mono and bivalent ions and the influence of protein binding on the stability of these DNA structures. From determined melting points, it was specified whether the ion/protein stabilised or destabilised the oligonucleotide. Furthermore, plasmids were isolated and analyzed by atomic force microscopy.
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Analyses of inverted repeats in human patogen genomes
Hanzlíková, Anna ; Nováčková, Ivana (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
Pathogens are organisms that cause various host diseases. These include prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and animals. This bachelor thesis is focused specifically on viruses causing human diseases such as severe respiratory syndromes, liver diseases or cervical cancer. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to characterize the presence and location of inverted repeats in the genomes of organism using the web application Palindrome analyzer. Four viruses were selected, two of them are from the group of DNA viruses and two from the group of RNA viruses. In view of the outbreak of a pandemic in early 2020 caused by virus SARSCoV-2, is included in this bachelor thesis. Thus, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 were selected from RNA viruses and hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus were selected from the DNA viruses. The sequences of the viral genomes were obtained from the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology) database. Then, all four viruses were analyzed for the presence of inverse repeats, their location and size using the Palindrome analyzer, which is available online. The largest genome was SARS-CoV-2 of 29 903 bp, which also had the most inverse repeats.
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Analyses of inverted repeats localization in bacterial genomes
Šedý, Michal ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
Inverted repeats (IR) are common part of DNA of all living prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Inverted repeats plays an important role in the regulation of basics cells processes. They are responsible for formation of cruciform structures. Inverted repeats also cause genomic instability and can be a source of numerous mutations. Cruciform structures can be recognized by DNA-binding proteins and can also act as a transcriptional regulators. Using the Palindrome Analyser tool, the frequency of IR and localization of inverted repeats in bacterial genomes was analyzed. The frequency of IR across the bacterial genome is variable. The frequency of short inverted repeats shows an approximately quadratic dependence on the %GC content in the genome with a minimum of about 50% of GC content. The localization of inverted repeats with respect to “annotated features” show a non-random distribution. The frequency of IR for most features is higher “outside” than “inside”.
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Approximate Palindrome Detection in DNA Sequences
Divila, Jaroslav ; Lexa, Matej (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
This work deals with conception and implemetation of tools for finding approximate palindromes in DNA sequences. The work focuses on the description of DNA structure, and on the function of palindromes in DNA sequences, and on the description of methods for finding approximate palindromes. Main part of thesis is focused on conclusion and description of implementation approximate palidromes finding tool.
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Analyses of inverted repeats localization in bacterial genomes
Šedý, Michal ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
Inverted repeats (IR) are common part of DNA of all living prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Inverted repeats plays an important role in the regulation of basics cells processes. They are responsible for formation of cruciform structures. Inverted repeats also cause genomic instability and can be a source of numerous mutations. Cruciform structures can be recognized by DNA-binding proteins and can also act as a transcriptional regulators. Using the Palindrome Analyser tool, the frequency of IR and localization of inverted repeats in bacterial genomes was analyzed. The frequency of IR across the bacterial genome is variable. The frequency of short inverted repeats shows an approximately quadratic dependence on the %GC content in the genome with a minimum of about 50% of GC content. The localization of inverted repeats with respect to “annotated features” show a non-random distribution. The frequency of IR for most features is higher “outside” than “inside”.
|
|
|
Analyses of inverted repeats in human patogen genomes
Hanzlíková, Anna ; Nováčková, Ivana (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
Pathogens are organisms that cause various host diseases. These include prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and animals. This bachelor thesis is focused specifically on viruses causing human diseases such as severe respiratory syndromes, liver diseases or cervical cancer. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to characterize the presence and location of inverted repeats in the genomes of organism using the web application Palindrome analyzer. Four viruses were selected, two of them are from the group of DNA viruses and two from the group of RNA viruses. In view of the outbreak of a pandemic in early 2020 caused by virus SARSCoV-2, is included in this bachelor thesis. Thus, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 were selected from RNA viruses and hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus were selected from the DNA viruses. The sequences of the viral genomes were obtained from the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology) database. Then, all four viruses were analyzed for the presence of inverse repeats, their location and size using the Palindrome analyzer, which is available online. The largest genome was SARS-CoV-2 of 29 903 bp, which also had the most inverse repeats.
|
|
|
Biochemical analyses of the DNA interaction partners
Valchová, Michaela ; Coufal,, Jan (referee) ; Brázda, Václav (advisor)
This thesis was focused on DNA analysis. The fluorescently labelled oligonucleotides were at first hybridised and subsequently analysed by HRM analysis to determine the melting temperatures of the oligonucleotides depending on the environment. This thesis describes the change of melting temperature of oligonucleotides in environments containing mono and bivalent ions and the influence of protein binding on the stability of these DNA structures. From determined melting points, it was specified whether the ion/protein stabilised or destabilised the oligonucleotide. Furthermore, plasmids were isolated and analyzed by atomic force microscopy.
|
|
|
Approximate Palindrome Detection in DNA Sequences
Divila, Jaroslav ; Lexa, Matej (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
This work deals with conception and implemetation of tools for finding approximate palindromes in DNA sequences. The work focuses on the description of DNA structure, and on the function of palindromes in DNA sequences, and on the description of methods for finding approximate palindromes. Main part of thesis is focused on conclusion and description of implementation approximate palidromes finding tool.
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