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Analýza hygienické úrovně produkce masa
Klíčová, Veronika
The purpose of the diploma thesis is to describe problematics of production and processing of pork and beef in terms of hygiene and microbial quality. It describes hygiene requirements in meat factories, slaughterhouses and deboning rooms, including the consequences of non-compliance. It deals with microorganisms responsible for decreasing quality of meat and pathogens causing alimentary diseases after consumption. Practical part compares microbial contamination of environment in two small and one larger deboning room including pig and cattle carcasses imported in these manufactories. Samples obtained in March, June and October show all tested deboning rooms as fully compliant in terms of purity and carcasses fulfilled microbial limits according to Commission Regulation (EC) No 2073/2005 which implies a high level of the meat quality in both cases from retailers and also from wholesalers. With proper handling of the meat after its purchase there is no alimentary risk.
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Produkce jatečných zvířat v systému chovu skotu bez tržní produkce mléka
Zikan, Věra
This bachelors thesis is focused on slaghter beef Production within the system of cattle farming without market Production of milk. The work describes the essential characteristics of the rearing of suckler cows, the breeding methods, characteristics of the beef-cattle and their division. Goal of this procet work is to describe litetary overview about this farming system, which includes technology, equipment and organization of cattle farming CFWMMP. The work also deals with the control of performance. Thesis concerned on the importance of carcass classification system JUT and SEUROP. At the conclusion of the bachelors thesis I sketch topic of master's project – evaluation meat performance of specific breeds in selected farms with extensive fattening. After that I would like evaluate problematics and quality about pasture, then I would describe the nutritional properties of meat with quality deviations of meat.
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Zhodnocení růstu a základních ukazatelů jatečné hodnoty jehňat plemene romney marsh.
Šeligová, Simona
This dissertation deals with evaluation of lamb growth ability and lamb carcass value of Romney Marsh sheep breed. Monitoring and evaluation of lambs were conducted with 18 lambs on the family organic farm of Ing. Paul Šeliga in Vrbětice in the years 2014 to 2017. In the first charter, there are listed information about the importance and general characteristics of sheep breeding in the Czech republic. Then there are also included a development, trends and perspectives of sheep breeding in the Czech Republic. In the next section, it is described the issue of growth and carcass quality of lambs. The following is a characteristic of a farm in Vrbětice in district Zlin and characteristic of Romney Marsh sheep breed. In scope of this evaluation of lamb growth live weight at birth, in 100 days of age and before slaughter was observed. In term of monitoring there was traced influence of lamb sex on growth ability indicators, more precisely on live lamb weight and lambs´ daily weight gain. Effect of gender had inconclusive impact on most of monitored live weight. With regards to the daily weight gain, there was inconclusive effect of the above mentioned indicators on all daily weight gains. There was evaluated influence of lamb sex on carcass value during the monitoring all slaughter lambs. There has also been evaluated the slaughter yield, fattiness and flesh ratio of individual body parts. Results of check slaughter show that sex factor had inconclusive impact on most carcass value´s monitored indicators. Highly provable sex effect was recorded only on live weight before slaughter. Conclusive impact was recorded on slaughter ready body weight, kidney weight, weight of lamb kindey fat, weight of shoulders, kidney ratio, kidney fat ratio and shoulder ratio. On the other hand sex factor did not have evidential influence on slaughter age, slaughter yield, subjective grading, getting meatiness, fattiness, weight and proportion of skin, back and legs. From the point of view of the quality of the right leg, there was a very evident effect of sex on the proportion of fat from the leg, the apparent influence on the weight of the bones from the leg and the inconclusive influence on the weight of the leg, the weight of fat from the leg, the proportion of the meat from the leg and the proportion of the bones from the leg.
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Vyhodnocení růstové schopnosti a jatečné hodnoty býků českého strakatého plemene skotu
Perničková, Andrea
The objective of this study was to monitor the growing intensity of the bulls of Czech Fleckvieh with subsequent evaluation of the quality of the carcass in a selected company in the Vysočina. There have been monitoring in the years 2011-2014 these indicators and inter-annual results: bulls housed an average of 293 pieces, increases amounted to an average of 35580,76 kilograms in total, concentrated feed consumption averaged 2,66 kg per ks.den-1, concentrated feed consumption was of average 94667 kg total, average growth per day feeding 0,99 kg, feed consumption per kg of growth reached an average of 2,89 kg, an average of 94 bulls were sent to slaughter, with a total weight of 58,987 kg and the average slaughter weight amounted to 633,2 kg. Finally, evaluate the effect weight was 266 bulls for carcass quality, the average slaughter weight amounted to 715,4 kg. As an indicator was chosen carcase weight, which amounted an average of 401,9 kg. Furthermore, the average daily gain these monitored bulls amounted 0,985 kg, and the average age at slaughter was 23 months. Another indicator of the level of conformation, which assigned a point value system amounted 3,42. The degree of fat cover, which in the allotted scoring average value amounted 2,12. Average entry into the class SEUROP these bulls was U2. To evaluate the influence of slaughter weight of bulls on selected indicators of meat production was observed positive effect of increasing slaughter weight of bulls for carcass weight and conformation level carcasses. Fat cover of carcases different slaughter weights were not negatively affected. An interesting finding was a higher average daily gain of bulls slaughtered at higher weights. This indicates good genetic potential of animals on its suitability for fattening to slaughter weight higher, while achieving higher quality carcass (SEUROP favorable classification system and the higher financial profit for slaughter animal). In the company will still need to optimize ration, mainly to enhance the quality roughage feed.
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Růst a jatečná hodnota jehňat plemene suffolk při aplikaci pastevního výkrmu
Rybová, Hana
This bachelor thesis deals with the growth and carcass value of lamb breed Suffolk in the application of pasture fattening. Foreign and domestic literature sources are used in this work. Sources concerning the effects on growth and carcass value of lambs. Among the main factors that relate to growth and carcass value belongs nutrition, breed, sex and litter size. The biggest impact on growth and carcass value are nutrition and health. Other factors also have a significant impact, but i tis also impact theirs combination. Also important are the way of weaning and fattening lambs. An integral part of this work is proposal material for evaluation growth and carcass value on the farm in the application of pasture fattening. In 2016 it began weighing lambs.
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Obchodní zatřídění jatečných prasat podle SEUROP - systému
Červená, Monika
The aim of this thesis was a trade classification of slaughter pigs by the SEUROP system in selected utilitarian breed. The experiment was conducted in a farm in Myslejovice. The first part of the thesis deals with the literature review on this topic. An experiment was conducted to assess the slaughter weight, the conformation, the inclusion in classes of the SEUROP system. The integral part of the experiment was to evaluate the production of pigs for slaughter. The obtained data were properly analyzed using mathematical and statistical methods. The experiment was conducted on 314 pigs during the period of 6 months. The results showed that 73% of pigs were classified as a class E, the average price for 1 kg of carcass was 37.82 CZK. The class S included 14% of the slaughter pigs with the average price of 37.3 CZK per 1 kg of carcass. The average conformation for the entire period amounted to 57.6%. The highest conformation of 59.52% was observed in the month of December. The conformation was much lower during the summer months.
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Development of British beef breeds of cattle
Khajlová, Anna ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Ducháček, Jaromír (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on suckler cows breeding. Literary review and further details are focused on the development and application of four selected beef breeds of British origin in terms of cattle breeding in the Czech Republic.
In the introduction I would like to describe mainly the origin and domestication of cattle. Much of the work is also devoted to meat production, its control and eventually classification and monetising the final product according to a single system SEUROP applicable in countries European Union. In this chapter were simultaneously described factors of the most important facts affecting meat performance that affects the overall results of the breed, including its profitability.
The second half of the thesis summarizes the basics of cattle breeding, organization during the calendar year and grazing. There is an idea of reproduction, calving and basic measures during rearing and weaning calves. In other chapters, are explained the circumstances of the development of animal husbandry and the current status of beef breeds in the country. Also described are two basic systems of breeding beef cattle, it is a system of intensive fattening and breeding no milked cattle under extensive conditions, which are characterized in detail in a separate chapter.
In the last chapters are presented in detail four selected meat breeds originating from the British Isles, which are in our conditions most frequently raised and used for extensive breeding system no milked cattle. There is also magnified view of history. It contains breeding these selected breeds, including the identification numbers of the development from the beginning to the present.
Besides to the detailed characteristics of these selected meat breeds and their descriptions are shown and summarized like the results of performance within the CHECKS performance of beef cattle. For each breed they are processed mainly results concerning the weight of calves in individual sections and their rearing till 365 days of age, in addition, depending on gender.
At the end, there are mentioned criteria of selection program, breeding goals and standard of these four selected meat breeds of British origin.
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Výkrm kohoutků nosného typu
Jelínková, Pavlína
The aim of the diploma thesis is the fattening of the layer males hybrid combinations type Dominant. It is very unethical that the layer males are put to death immediately after hatching and regarded as a waste in most countries with advanced the poultry industry. One of the options how to prevent this putting to death is to use alternative forms of fattening. An experiment was conducted within the scope of the diploma thesis. 200 pieces of cockerels 4 hybrid combinations were fattened during the experiment. The cockerels were fattened on a litter as well as in cages untill the ages of 12 weeks. The life weight and feed conversion were located by cockerels until the age of 12 weeks by the layer males during fattening. In the age of 12 and 18 weeks the live weight, carcass weight, carcass value, the percentage yield of breast muscle and yield leg muscle of the carcass and the percentage of the heart, liver and thigh bones from the carcass were determined. The dry matter content, fat content, and also the colour of L *, a * and b * from breast and thigh muscle were evaluated. Regardless of the hybrid combination the life weight was always higher by cockerels housed on a litter. The feed conversion by hybrids in cages was not demonstrably different, but the conversion by the hybrid housed on litter in the hybrid D - 109 was lower than by other hybrid types. The highest conversion during the whole fattening period was measured by the hybrid D -- 459. The hybrid combination had a statistically demonstrative influence (P < 0,05) on the slaughter value in each of the ages. The fat content of breast and thigh meat increased by all hybrid combinations with the age.
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Vyhodnocení kvality jatečně upraveného těla a masa býků českého strakatého plemene skotu s genotypem TT a CT pro leptin
Večerek, Lukáš
The Master's thesis was focused on the estimation of the quality of carcasses and meat of bulls from the Czech fleckvieh cattle with the genotype TT and CT for leptin. The experiment was carried out on 121 slaughter modified bodies. The effect of slaughter age of bulls, the slaughter weight, the "nett" increment and the classifica-tion in the SEUROP system was analyzed. Within the frame of morphometric analysis were provably (p < 0,01) the highest proportions almost in all of the analyzed parts (leg length, leg plenitude, leg circumfer-ence, leg spiral circumference, forequarter length and thorax semi circuit) ascertained by the bulls of the highest age and weight categories (aged 701 -- 822 days or life weight 701 -- 890 kg). A positive correlation was discovered between the class of conformation assessed by the SEUROP methodology and JUT weight when by the deteriorating class of conformation "U" > "R" > "O" was the weight of carcasses (428 > 341 > 294 kg) declining. The lowest content of meat (72,54 +- 2,53 %) with the highest content of separable tallow (10,22 +- 3,24 %) was proved on slaughter bodies of bulls of the highest weight category which is not good especially for the meat processor. The greatest per-cent of dry meat (26,08 %) was provably (p < 0,01) found by the bulls that are most intensively growing, whereas this category of bulls also reaches the highest qualities in the parameter of meat energy value (5797,13 kJ.kg-1). The technologic parameters were provably not influenced by the levels of evaluated factors although some exceptions appeared. The statistically evidential (p < 0,01) differences were noticeable in the size of the area musculus longissimus et thoracis (MLT) when the greatest area MLT (104,24 +- 11,03 cm2) was stated by the bulls slaughtered in the highest age (701 -- 822 days), whereas the strength of muscular fibers was by all three age categories comparable.
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