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Integrated pest management in strawberry production
VLKOVÁ, Vendula
The theoretical part of the thesis elaborates on a description of individual infestants and diseases causing damage in a fragaria growth, then also with a monitoring of the infestants, as well as the application of procedures regarding an integrated protection of fragaria cultivation sets. The practical part of the thesis deals with the monitoring of infestants on a chosen particular fragaria growth near the town Vránov, and with a complex evaluation of the damage of this fragaria growth. In terms of the evaluation itself, few specific conclusions are stated, including a suggestion of measures to be taken against the infestants and diseases, which serve to create comprehensive protection procedures and recommendations for the observed fragaria growth.
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Minimization of risk of pesticide residues in fruit production: certified methodology
Kocourek, František ; Falta, Vladan ; Stará, Jitka ; Holý, Kamil ; Horská, Tereza ; Vávra, Radek
The publication is intended for fruit growers who are included in integrated fruit production systems. The information and the recommendations presented in the matarial can help them to minimize risk of residues of of of pesticides on non-target organisms, mainly natural enemies. In addition, the minimizing of pesticide impact on human health is considered. All recommendations are in the accordance with requirements of legislation which will be in force from 2014 for IPM and also for convention regimes of fruit protection. The spray scheduling is based on the knowledge of pesticide pre-harvest period coupled with the information about their side effects on non-target organisms. Environmental behaviour of pesticide residues from the application to the harvest is desribed for each active ingredient allowed in the Czech Republic in apples and pears. These data enable to assess the action pre-harvest periods for the both low-residual and non-residual fruit production. Information about side effect on natural enemies of pests and other non-target organisms have been worked up for each active substance of pesticides allowed in fruits in the Czech Republic. This knowledge allows us to classify pesticides into three groups marked as a so called green, yellow and red list for IPM growing systems. The possibilites of the use of biological and biotechnological methods are outlined at the end of the publication.
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The cereals growing in integrated farming system
MAREK, Jiří
The main aim of this final work is to summarize the pieces of knowledge about growing cereals in the integrated system of farming and the efficient protection against damaging factors. Diseases caused up by various pathogens are demonstrated with rising intensity and damaging plants by pests increases due to influence of the set of unfavourable agents (change of climate conditions, the way of processing the land, decrease of variety of sowing methods etc.).
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Optimization of using of pesticides against pests in system of integrated production of vegetable
Kocourek, František ; Holý, Kamil ; Stará, Jitka
Methodology is addressed to farmers and growers of Brassica vegetable, mainly for growers in system of integrated production of vegetable. Methodology contain information and recommendation for control against main pests of Brassica vegetable necessary for implementation of principles of integrated control in agreement with legislation requirements valid from 2014. Selection of means against pests is based on evaluation of pre-harvest period of active substances of pesticides and evaluation of side effects of these substances on nontarget organisms. For each active substance of pesticide and evaluated vegetable species, data about residue degradation in dependence on time from term of application. According to residue degradation of pesticides in vegetable it is possible to state action pre-harvest periods for low-residue and no-residue vegetable production. Data about side effects on natural enemies and other non-target organisms are given for each active substance of pesticide allowed in EU for vegetable control including substances potentially available for allowing in the Czech Republic. According this knowledge it is possible to rank the active substance into green, yellow and red list of pesticides for integrated system of Brassica vegetable production.
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The maize growing in integrated farming system
VOKATÁ, Lucie
The main aim of this bachelor work is a summary about how to grow maize in an integrated system of farming. It includes utilization of maize in this system and effective protection against harmful factors. The work is made in a form of literary research. Maize has become an irreplaceable item of people's crop. It is used as feed and for industrial processing plentifully. Also its utilization as an energetic crop has started to grow recently. There is a range of maize crossbreeds which are determined to various climatic conditions with particular goal of growing and high income requirements. The diseases caused by different pathogens have been shown in the consequence of actions caused by unfavourable factors (such as change of climatic conditions, ways of soil treatment, greater substitute of maize in a sowing process, etc.). Also damaging these plants by pests is one of the significant problems to mention. Therefore the protective arrangements that do not overload the environment are necessary. One of these arrangements presents growing plants in an integrated system of farming. The integrated plant protection, as the main part of more intensive growing system, is reducing the usage of pesticides and it is supporting usage of non-chemical methods IOR. The core of the whole system is an effective protection against harmful factors, which provides regular profit and high quality of the agricultural production. Reduction of the risks and little influence of pesticides on people's health and the environment is necessary.Establishment of integrated plant protection is necessity arising from the regulation of the amendment for the law no. 199/ 2012 Sb. Observance of the principles for an integrated protection is compulsory for all professional users since January 1st, 2014.
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Compatibility of different entomopathogenic fungi with parasitoid Encarsia formosa
ŠTĚPÁNOVÁ, Kristýna
This M.Sc. thesis is aimed to describe level of the compatibility between various strains of several entomopathogenic fungi with parasitoid wasp Encarsia formosa. From many species of entomopathogenic fungi Aschersonia aleyrodis, Beauveria bassiana, B, brongniartii, Lecanicillium lecanii, Metarhizium anisopliae and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus were the species which were tested in experiments. It was found, that A. aleyrodis is very selective, because it infects only unparasitized nymphs of greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum. All other strains of tested fungi were much less selective, however their efficacy always increased total efficacy when compared with the efficacy of parasitoid alone. It was concluded, that fungi A. aleyrodis, L. lecanii and P. fumosoroseus posse{\crq}s big potential for construction of IPM programs.
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