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Quantitative methods for studying and monitoring of insect populations
Vašák, David ; Šípek, Petr (advisor) ; Řeřicha, Michal (referee)
In the context of the necessity to research the global decline of insects, the scientific community has increasingly focused on the quantitative monitoring of insect populations, specifically their biomass and abundance. These metrics provide a different type of information on population trends compared to monitoring diversity or geographical distribution. However, interpreting population trends based on these metrics is accompanied by a number of challenges. This thesis highlights these issues and underscores the necessity of quantitative monitoring and its benefits for understanding insect population dynamics. Additionally, it provides an overview of the most commonly used methods for insect quantitative monitoring, ranging from traditional approaches to modern techniques. Lastly, it also presents studies that address the monitoring of insect biomass and abundance. Keywords: insect, biomass, abundance, population trends, insect decline, monitoring methods
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Critical zone
Rausová, Terezie ; Kočí, Václav (referee) ; Homola, Ondřej (advisor)
The thesis consists of a series of images of various formats with neon, aposematic coloring. In my work, I capture anthropomorphic insect fauna as a reference to coexistence and significant differences in the length of phylogenetic development. While humans have been evolving on Earth for up to 2,800,000 years, other species were here long before us. Many of them may not survive the latest stage of human development, marked by tremendous technological advancement, population growth, and massive environmental impact. In my work, I address the irreversible collapse of ecosystems due to the catastrophic extinction of insects. The series of images is complemented by glass objects, which, through significant processing, draw attention to the loss of biodiversity, including the unseen and unnoticed. The installation, comprised of a collection of images and glass objects, is intended to represent a toxic, poisonous zone. Entering it should compel viewers to experience and perhaps reflect on the unsettling position of humanity within the societal and natural system.
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The Amputee
Sedlák, Ondřej ; Sedlák, Jan (referee) ; Gabriel, Michal (advisor)
Cut out the insect body, which in turn draws attention to detail and a separate form object, it becomes a piece of the unknown, futuristic world, who is a snippet of an enlargement of our macrocosm. Statue focuses on the unusual and the idea of the individual and points to a less pronounced nature.
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Control unit for monitoring of climatic conditions in the breeding of edible insects
Chmelař, Vít ; Šandera, Josef (referee) ; Adámek, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis introduces the problematics of edible insects, Arduino platform, sensors and peripherals that will be used to construct a device which monitors conditions of breeding of insects. It describes the different type of sensors and their principles. It discusses the SPI and I2C communication, which is used for communication with peripherals and describes the selected sensors and peripherals with which will be builded the device. Measured values are displayed on devici and savet to memory card.
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Scientific literature with the theme of insects in the practice of kindergarten
Faltusová, Kateřina ; Laufková, Veronika (advisor) ; Kadrnožková, Monika (referee)
This master's thesis entitled "Utilization of educational literature on the topic of insects in the practice of preschool education" is divided into theoretical and empirical sections. The aim of the thesis is the development of scientific knowledge through the use of children's educational literature in the preschool environment. The theoretical section outlines the characteristics of preschool-aged children with respect to the topic of the thesis, issues related to environmental education in preschool education, characteristics of literature for children, utilization of educational books in preschools, and an analysis of the Framework Educational Program for Preschool Education in relation to the thesis topic. The objective of the empirical section is to create lessons using educational literature about insects that contribute to the development of scientific skills in children. Additionally, it seeks to determine the popularity of educational books about insects based on the age and gender of the children, as well as to map the reading environment of the children. The results of the practical part were verified based on pretest and posttest, participant observation of children, a questionnaire for parents of pupils, and activities aimed at assessing the popularity of books. The action research...
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Hodnocení významu druhově pestrých směsí trav, jetelovin a bylin pro biodiverzitu
Fiodorová, Daniela
The aim of the study was to evaluate the species composition and proportion of agrobotanical plant groups in an established species-rich vegetation whitch was set up in 2022 in the first year of growth. Furthermore, the research aimed to determine the feeding value, diversity index, equitability and to assess the honey yield of the vegetation. The study investigated whether the date had an effect on the occurrence of pollinators in the vegetation and which groups of pollinators were most frequent. The vegetation was monitored using phytocenological imaging in a 1 m2 square plot in the centre of the experimental area. Insect abundance was assessed by observation directly in the plot and also by trapping in yellow trays. The recording in the first year of growth of the vegetation mixture showed high infestation. A total of 28 plant species were observed in the experimental plot. The agrobotanical group of herbs was not the most represented by number of species. The date had an effect (p<0,05) on the occurrence of Apis mellifera and the order Diptera. The order Diptera was the most abundant order during observations of infestations and pollinator capture.
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Hymenoptera as a Model Taxon in the Environmental Education at Kindergarten
SUDOVÁ, Veronika
This bachelor thesis focuses on insect as a model group for environmental education, in particularly hymenopterous insect. The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to find out, how kindergartens work with topics related to Hymenoptera, and whether and how can this group of insects be used in environmental education. Based on these findings, the program for kindergarten pupils will be created. This program will closely acquaint them with this concept and the effectiveness of this program will be further verified and discussed.
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Biotic, abiotic and symbiotic factors that influence a host-parasitoid food web
BROWN, Joel James
The aim of this thesis was to investigate the deterministic patterns of insect-associated microbiome community composition and to investigate the role of symbiotic bacteria in insect model systems. I have shown that life stage is a key factor influencing microbiome composition, in both holometabolous and hemimetabolous insects, in addition to host species identity and local environment. I was able to find these deterministic patterns by controlling for diet in field studies of microbiomes, which is a well-known influential factor of microbiome communities. My thesis emphasises the importance of investigating the taxonomic and functional diversity of insect microbiomes and including symbiotic microbes in community level studies.
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Causes of bee loss (Anthophila) in the landscape
Bureš, Vít ; Straka, Jakub (advisor) ; Tropek, Robert (referee)
Bees (Anthophila) are one of the most important pollinators in the majority of Earth's biotopes. They interact with almost one-fifth of flowering plants and together with other pollinators they secure one- third of human food sources. Since the end of World war II,along-term decrease in numbers of bees and other insects is observed due to degradation of natural habitats, expansion of agriculture, pesticide usage, parasites, and infections. In North America and Europe, several studies reported a significant loss of bee diversity and abundance. The situation in tropics is unclear and there is not enough evidence if bees are threatened there. Specific changes in relation to the decrease of the bee population are observed in the case of honey bee (Apis mellifera). Due to human beekeeping activities and specific honey bee attributes such as bigger body size or tolerance to lower temperature, honey bees show different trends in their abundance than other bees. This study discusses the causes of these losses and possible future consequences, for example, the collapse of ecosystems as a result of pollination crisis or lack of human food. On the other hand, several phenomena such as extensive agriculture, green cities, or wildfires have a positive impact on bee abundance and diversity. This thesis presents...
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