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The Role of Incoterms 2020 in the Current Practice of Czech Export Companies
BERKOVÁ, Vanessa
The diploma thesis deals with the set of international rules Incoterms 2020, which are the most used business practices in international trade regulating the rights and obligations of sellers and buyers. The main aim of the work is to evaluate their use and implementation in the current practice of Czech export companies from the engineering industry. The specific goal is to find out whether Czech export companies use Incoterms delivery clauses and what specific clauses they apply in international trade. An equally important goal is the identification of problematic points that clauses bring. The theoretical part describes international trade, trade policy instruments, risks, transport and insurance in international trade, export and mainly Incoterms. The practical part consists of a description of the Czech engineering industry and an evaluation of the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire consisted of 19 questions, and it was completed by 265 respondents out of a total of 2 200 addressed companies. The questionnaire was distributed to the representatives of selected companies through e-mail communication. The result of processing the questionnaire survey was the interpretation of individual questions and their mutual comparison. Then the established hypotheses were evaluated. The research results indicate that Incoterms are widespread and important in the practice of Czech export companies focusing on engineering. The most used delivery clause is EXW (Ex Works). However, to achieve effective use of Incoterms, it is important to ensure the correct interpretation of delivery clauses, their application and clear communication between business partners.
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Specific Features and Shortcomings of Contractual Obligations in International Transport, and the Establishment and Facilitation of Conditions Required by Goods Transportation Methods
Holubář, Josef ; Libertín, Josef (referee) ; Kudláček, Jaroslav (advisor)
This work deals with the specifics of relations between entities in the negotiation and implementation of international transport of goods. Since he is currently the most common way of transport of goods in Central Europe freight road transport of goods, the text is mainly dedicated to this issue. The underlying code for the obligations in this respect, the Convention CMR, which is devoted to a large part of the work. In other parts of the work is also introduced to the TIR Convention, the ADR Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods and the ATP Agreement, which defines the requirements for the transport of perishable foodstuffs. In the end, understand that INCOTERMS clauses with international trade and international transport of goods is closely related.
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Use of Incoterms in International Trade
KOTRČOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis describes the international, interpretation rules of Incoterms and their use. With the rapid development of new technologies, international trade is also evolving. This is accompanied by updates to globally recognized clauses. The aim of this thesis was to describe and evaluate their use with emphasis on changes in connection with Incoterms 2020. The theoretical part deals with the topics of value added tax, accounting and Incoterms with a focus on changes associated with the amendment of clauses. In the practical part, an empirical survey was conducted using a questionnaire sent to companies that use Incoterms in their contracts. These companies were selected on the basis of export and import directories on proven internet portals. The contribution of the thesis lies in the description and evaluation of the Incoterms framework, associated with the issues of accounting and value added taxes. The thesis can thus serve as inspiration for companies that want to start adding Incoterms to their contracts and find out the necessary information. Here they will find both a theoretical description of the above-mentioned topics and links to important documents from which they can draw information. They can also find inspiration from companies that already use Incoterms in the form of a justification for using Incoterms, the most commonly used clauses and an evaluation of Incoterms 2020.
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INCOTERMS: Standard delivery terms in international commerce
Hanák, Konrád ; Pfeiffer, Magdalena (advisor) ; Brodec, Jan (referee)
INCOTERMS: Standard delivery terms in international commerce, abstract, key words Abstract: This thesis discusses Incoterms rules published by the International Chamber of Commerce. Incoterms standardize interpretation of delivery terms used in contracts for the international sale of goods. These delivery terms regulate some of the obligations of the seller and the buyer in contracts of sale. Incoterms include interpretation of eleven different delivery terms, which are divided into several groups. The thesis introduces Incoterms as means of contractual regulation in international trade. For that purpose, Incoterms are firstly examined as instrument of soft law, then their origin, form, content and development are looked into. This thesis also addresses different reasons for application of Incoterms to legal relationships as a soft law instrument and refers the conditions for such application. Following this introductory first chapter, the thesis then discusses some of the conditions of sales transactions, which are included in Incoterms. These conditions concern delivery of goods, transfer of risks and transport of goods. Secondary obligations of the contracting parties regulated by Incoterms are mentioned in connection with these main topics. These matters are presented particularly to provide a...
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Passing of Risk in International Sale Contract under CISG
Dimitrov, Pavel ; Pauknerová, Monika (referee)
PŘECHOD NEBEZPEČÍ DLE ÚMLUVY OSN O SMLOUVÁCH O MEZINÁRODNÍ KOUPI ZBOŽÍ 5 Abstract This thesis is focused on passing of risk of accidental loss and destruction of goods during international sale. The main objective is to fulfil the hypothesis concerning the the regulation of passing of risk in two main sources of its regulation, the Incoterms clauses and the UN Convention on the International Sale of Goods, so called the Vienna Convention, and their mutual relationship in the regulation of this institute. Thesis also contains an analysis of the term danger and its various types. The second part is focused on the revision of Incoterms 2020, comparison of the passing of risk under Incoterms and the Vienna Convention, their similarities and differences and the possibility of their interaction.
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Economic relations between the Russian Federation and China
Manukalova, Diana ; Hinčica, Vít (advisor) ; Sato, Alexej (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the analysis of the latest development of mutual economic and economic relations between the Russian Federation and China. The main objective is to identify possible prospects for the further development of mutual trade, as well as the possible risks and benefits of possible closer trade cooperation between the two countries.The aim is also the presentation of the economy of both countries and the subsequent analysis of positive and negative effects on the economic development of relations between the Russian Federation and China. The bachelor thesis is divided into three chapters. The first one is the theoretical part in which the thesis deals with the historical development of the relations between the two states and the possible differences in the economic diplomacy of Russia and China. The second one deals with the contractual basis of both countries, trade in goods and services (including types of trade, types of the most transported commodities and the most widely used international interpretative rules INCOTERMS 2010), foreign investments and strategic agreements and projects in the field of energy and transport. In the third chapter, I would like to state the latest trends, prognoses and the impact of new technologies on the future development of cooperation.
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Specific Features and Shortcomings of Contractual Obligations in International Transport, and the Establishment and Facilitation of Conditions Required by Goods Transportation Methods
Holubář, Josef ; Libertín, Josef (referee) ; Kudláček, Jaroslav (advisor)
This work deals with the specifics of relations between entities in the negotiation and implementation of international transport of goods. Since he is currently the most common way of transport of goods in Central Europe freight road transport of goods, the text is mainly dedicated to this issue. The underlying code for the obligations in this respect, the Convention CMR, which is devoted to a large part of the work. In other parts of the work is also introduced to the TIR Convention, the ADR Agreement concerning the international carriage of dangerous goods and the ATP Agreement, which defines the requirements for the transport of perishable foodstuffs. In the end, understand that INCOTERMS clauses with international trade and international transport of goods is closely related.
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Delivery term and its influence on price determination
Nguyen, Duc Ngoc ; Hinčica, Vít (advisor) ; Němečková, Iveta (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is concerned with delivery terms in the international sales contract. This work evaluates the development of INCOTERMS, rules for the use of domestic and international trade terms, and presents the latest version of 2010. The practical part introduces the firm Chirastar KDT, s.r.o. and its export and import operations with the focus on the applied delivery term. The last part demonstrates how costs are allocated between buyer and seller in dependence of a particular delivery term.
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The meaning and aplication of delivery term INCOTERMS in the purchase agreement
Jankeová, Paulína ; Sato, Alexej (advisor) ; Kaščák, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the delivery terms and its meaning and aplication in the purchase agreement. The first part is theoretical. It provides an interpretation of the theory of international purchase agreement and the function and use of the Incoterms rules. It describes in detail the different rules and the comparison of the latest edition of International Commercial Terms 2010 with the previous version. The second part analyzes the practical use of different delivery terms in the business contract of specific company.
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