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The role of disease-related olfactory cues in diagnostics
Adamová, Adéla ; Schwambergová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Eretová, Petra (referee)
Correct and prompt diagnosis of the disease is the key first step to successful treatment. At the same time, for many diseases, early diagnosis is even essential for a complete recovery of the organism. However, many of the commonly used diagnostic tools are quite demanding and time-consuming for patients, as they consist of a whole set of examinations. One of the other potential options is diagnosis based on human body odour. Human body odour is somewhat stable, but there are factors that can alter it. One of these factors is certain diseases. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the substances contained in the body odour of patients can be identified by certain animals, particularly trained dogs, or by analytical methods such as gas chromatography. Recently, a number of studies have investigated the use of these methods, seeking to clarify the breadth of their use while highlighting their non-invasiveness. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide a theoretical review of studies that deal with the diagnosis of diseases from human body odour, particularly using animal olfaction. The thesis summarizes the literature focusing on this topic, highlights the advantages and disadvantages of diagnosis using body odour, critically evaluates the methodology used in the presented studies and points...
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Analysis of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic after year 1989
Zubrová, Soňa ; Čabanová, Bohumila (advisor) ; Orságová, Petra (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut sociologických studií Katedra veřejné a sociální politiky Soňa Zubrová Analysis of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic after year 1989 Abstrakt Praha 2011 Abstrakt The system of the Czech Republic health insurance stands for one of the pillars of the social security in the Czech Republic. Within last twenty years is has been changed significantly several times. The changes have been intended to contribute mainly to the reduction in the number of exploited sickness leaves, to the strengthening of responsibility of employees, employers and physicians. After 1989 the system faced many legal modifications. This thesis is focused on analysis of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic after year 1989. The theoretical resources of the thesis are human and social rights, social security and its principles. The main segment of the theoretical part of the thesis is a function of the right for social security and a description of health insurance. The exploratory part of the thesis analyses the chosen occurrences relating to the health insurance system problems and thereby it responds to questions asked in the introduction of the thesis. The research has proved a diminishing percentage of sickness leaves in connection with accepted...
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Accompanying patients in hospitals
Zemanová, Radka ; Zimmermannová, Marie (advisor) ; Prokeš, Josef (referee)
The thesis "Counselling the Sick in Hospital" deals with the issue of hospital chaplaincy in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part defines key terms (illness, accompaniment, hospital chaplain), describes the challenges of the sick, addresses the question of their value and the meaning of life during illness, and describes the stages of coping with illness. The theological excursion deals with love from a biblical perspective and concludes with a chapter on the meaning of suffering. The empirical part consists of an analysis of articles on hospital chaplaincy, primarily interviews with chaplains. The topics from the interviews were sorted by frequency into chapters (introducing the service, prejudices, death, covid, etc.), in which chaplains express their opinions from various perspectives, which complement each other, and from which a media image of chaplaincy in the Czech Republic can be assembled. The results of their testimonies are summarized in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Prevalence and risk factors of malaria among children under 5 years and the prevention and treatment regimens in the Kitase community of Ghana
Amponsah, Ebo Owusu
The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of malaria in children under the age of five living in the Kitase Community in Ghana, as well as possible causes, preventative measures, and therapeutic approaches. The principal goals of the research were accomplished through the use of a hospital-based cross-section design, which required the gathering of primary data from women living in the Kitase township, which is located within the Akuapim South Municipal Assembly in Ghana. For the analysis, we utilised version 16 of the STATA statistical software. The chi-squared test and logistic regression were performed to determine the relationship between malaria incidence and household and environmental characteristics. Findings showed that malaria prevalence among under 5 children was 19.62% with a total of 46.15% with at least occurrence of malaria illness in the past three months. Also, ownership of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) was 77.31%, and its use among 58.46% of mothers. However, Environmental characteristics such as bushes, waste dumpsites, stagnant water, and breeding areas around the house increase the odds of malaria infection by AOR of 1.885, 2.455, 2.197, and 2.060, respectively. Therefore, the study recommends that health authorities in the study area ensure the proper usage of LLINs (mosquito nets) through regular and effective education on preventive measures and ensure that good sanitation is observed in settlements.
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Spiritual Accompaniment with Dying People and Palliative Patiens
Cehová, Beata ; Přibyl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Zimmermannová, Marie (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Spiritual accompaniment about dying and palliative patients" deals with the spiritual care and approach of a seriously ill patient, is not only his body and social environment but especially his soul. Although modern secularized society is technologically advanced, despite these facts, the spiritual need in our health care system is minimally themed. This is more concerned of palliative care and the care of the dying, where the goal is no longer the cure of the disease, but the treatment of pain, the symptoms of the disease and the accompaniment to a reconciled departure from this world. My work deals with these questions in more detail and clarifies which spiritual approach is possible to calm the patient through believe and how it is possible to mature spiritually even in unmanageable moments.
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Pastoral care of the sick and dying 1700-1900. Historical forms, topics, approaches.
DUDA, Zdeněk
The topic of the thesis is the issue of spiritual care of the ill and the dying at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. It is studied in the context of the reform of theological studies and the introduction of pastoral theology as a university discipline. The care of the ill and dying at that time was profiled as one of the most significant and important sphere of the activities of the spiritual shepherd as the only subject of pastoral care. The aim of the thesis is to describe the basic contents of the the spiritual care of the ill and the dying, based on the analysis of the first study texts of the subject of pastoral theology and the context in which they were written. It is focused on the basic points of departure, procedures and forms of spiritual care of the ill and the dying, which were as ideal and obligatory presented in the university teaching to future Catholic spiritual shepherds. At the same time, the relevant period notions of illness, death, (sacrament) of the last anointing, as well as the desired preparation for (good) death are also thematized. The main source are the first textbooks of the new university discipline of pastoral theology. The thesis is based primarily on two or rather three study texts, which received wider use in the Czech milieu.
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Reading as Psychotherapy and the Role of Imagination in the Work of Catherine Storr
FIALOVÁ, Veronika
The aim of the bachelor thesis is a detailed analysis of Marianne Dreams by Catherine Storr focusing on the psychological meaning and therapeutic role of children's literature. The theoretical part of the thesis connects the issues of fantasy literature and psychology with respect to the role of psychotherapy, which is related to the escape from the reality, liberation through imagination, as well as the topics such as time travel and dreams travel. Particular attention is paid to the personal, literary and professional experience of the writer and psychologist Catherine Storr. The literary analysis of the novel, which links reality with fantasy, deals with the following issues: the portraits of the child and adult characters, the relationships between children, the role of particular motifs (bicycle, one-eyed stones, grid, etc.) and themes (illness, liberation, etc.). The conclusion sums up the representation of traumatic experience, recovery and renewal, and the moral meaning of the story. The thesis includes a questionnaire research dealing with the parents reading to their children, inspired by Catherine Storr's ideas and related to the importance of passing literature to children. This online questionnaire is processed through graphs.
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