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Eating habits and their relation with weight development after bariatric surgery
Poshor, Vít ; Konečná, Judita (advisor) ; Starnovská, Tamara (referee)
Introduction: Despite modern obesity treatments such as pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery, lifestyle intervention remains one of the key therapies. In particular, modification of dietary habits, increasing physical activity, and improvement of psychological state, which often complicates weight loss and maintenance of achieved weight loss. The treatment of obesity should be dealt with in particular by doctors and health professionals who are knowledgeable about the issue and who use the correct diagnostic and therapeutic approach. However, the main role is played by the patient, who must be motivated and cooperate with the multidisciplinary team. The nutritional therapist sets individual dietary recommendations, taking into account the patient's state of health and current diet and eating habits. The psychologist helps to understand the patient's thoughts by analysing the psychosocial context, lifestyle analysis and habits, thus being able to change the patient's behaviour. Thus, regular nutritional and psychological intervention can lead to a higher success rate of the reduction regime. Aims: The main aim of this study is to determine the association of factors of eating habits with weight change at 1 and 2 years after bariatric surgery. The second aim is to confirm the effect of nutritional...
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Vývoj potravinové bezpečnosti ve vybraných zemích jihovýchodní Afriky
Hendrychová, Marcela
The diploma thesis deals with monitoring the development of food security in Malawi, Zimbabwe and Zambia. The specific criteria for the selection of three states were the HDI indicator and the geographical location of the selected states. Through individual indicators from different pillars of food security, the work evaluates the most significant factors that cause food insecurity in the monitored countries. The theoretical part of the thesis explains the basic facts and the background of the problem, contains an explanation of key terms and terms, and defines individual causes and consequences of food security at the level of selected countries. The work also describes the most used indicators measuring food safety. The practical part based on the development of monitored indicators (average protein intake; average protein intake of animal origin; prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity; prevalence of severe food shortage; percentage of the population using basic hygiene services; percentage of the population with access to drinking water; percentage of children under 5 years, suffering from stunting; prevalence of anemia in women of reproductive age; variability of food production per person; political stability and absence of violence/terrorism) in the period 2009-2019 examines the factors that influenced changes in these indicators. In the work, it was found that the most important factors influencing the development of food security in the observed states of Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe are climatic conditions, political and economic situation, low education of the population and infectious diseases. These factors slow down the economic growth of countries and prevent growth from developing to developed countries and result in food insecurity and consequences.
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Diet's influence on human psyche
VESELÁ, Pavla
This bachelor´s thesis deals with food issues in connection with psychic´s processes. The aim was to find out how diet and psyche affect each other. I list general psychological factors, which affect food intake. I mean the sensor quality of food and the culture of dining. In the next part of the work, we learn what physiological and emotional hunger mean and what difference there is between them. I focus mainly different psychological conditions, which affect the psychological intake of food. The next important chapter describes influences of the diet on our mental health. I present the three most common and well-known types of diets. It is a ketodiet, a boxed diet and cut out fast. I deal with eating disorders such as mental anorexia, bulimia and overeating. I conclusion, I focus on the concept of stress, how stress can affect the diet and last but not least I mention food and herbs, which can help us in stressful situations. In the thesis was used the analysis of selected literature and articles.
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Insects as human food
Augustinová, Šárka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Pivnička, Karel (referee)
Insects as a traditional source of food widespread in tropical and subtropical regions offer significant nutritional, economical and ecological gains not only to rural communities. Western bias against insects led to gradual reduction of usage of insects as food without any compensation for lost sources of nutrition and other benefits. Current efforts of the Western world to prevent starvation of population and undo the consequences of inconsiderate human interventions into the environment are often futile and ineffective. One of possible answers to these global problems could be reestablishment of insects as a food source for the native population. Insects offer a renewable source of protein with nutritional values as high as 3186kJ per 100g of solids which exceeds the values of most species traditionally cultivated. The protein content varies throughout the various insect species from 30% in wood-worms to 81% in wasps of the genus Polybia. Moreover, the quality of these proteins is very high and the high values of the amino acids contained outperform the FAO recommended designs. Many species contain important minerals such as calcium, sulfur, iron, phosphor, magnesium and zinc and are as well rich in B vitamins, niacin, riboflavin and thiamin, which are often not incorporated enough into standard meal...
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Vliv migrantů na změnu úrovně potravinové bezpečnosti - případová studie Demokratická republika Kongo
Pešičková, Kristýna
This Bachelors thesis deals with the changes of food safety in the Democratic republic of Congo, mainly in terms of ensuring sufficient food for the entire population of the country, including the new arrivals. The thesis is divided into a theoretical, an analytical and a proposal part. The theoretical part defines concepts related to migration, the dimension of food safety and other demographic and agricultural-economic indicators. The analytical part focuses on the analysis of selected indicators of food security influenced by the mechanical movement of the population and other demographic and agricultural-economic contexts. The proposal part contains possible solutions based on the research.
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Food security problems in West Africa - case study Mali and Senegal
Strolený, Martin
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the food security problems in West Africa together with further analysis of Mali and Senegal. Furthemore, this thesis provides an insight into geographic positions, agricultural development and overall hunger situations of chosen areas as these all named aspects have both direct and indirect impacts on food security. To measure the food security in chosen regions two different indexes were used in order to ensure maximal accuracy of the analyzed criteria (the Global Hunger Index and the Global Food Security Index). Moreover, the thesis analyzes main geographic and demographic challenges in the region and their correlations wtih food security issues. Next, different regional organizations and policies focused on the development of the areas are described. Based on the theoretical and analytical research and results of the thesis, recommendations for sustainable development and improvement of food security are eventually provided.
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The Self-imposed Starvation
FICENECOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor's thesis deals with different approaches to starving diet of women who follow cleansing fasting procedure and women suffering of mental anorexia. The aim of this study is to ascertain the motivation for starving diet, the reactions of other people and the behavioral changes of fasting and starving women. Data for this research were gathered by unstructured interviews. Furthermore, the bachelor's thesis focused on the use of free time both groups of women acquired. In the theoretical part, the bachelor's thesis refers to fasting procedure, its origin and its impact on psyche. It presents the results of the research on the impact of experimental fasting on psyche. The empirical part of this bachelor's thesis was based on qualitative research. Unstructured interviews were conducted with four women following cleansing fasting procedures and three women suffering of mental anorexia. This research responds to issues of motivation for fasting and starving, the reaction of other people and behaving towards other people. It was concluded by this investigation that women who follow cleansing fasting procedure and women suffering of mental anorexia evince some similar signs in their motivation however they differ in many of them. The theme of weight loss appeared in both groups of interviewed women accept one as a motive leading to starving diet. Furthermore the research reveals the urge to inspire other people to follow the starving diet. This fact does not encounter positive acceptance. On the contrary this causes strong negative response to both fasting and starving.
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Insects as human food
Augustinová, Šárka ; Pivnička, Karel (referee) ; Frouz, Jan (advisor)
Insects as a traditional source of food widespread in tropical and subtropical regions offer significant nutritional, economical and ecological gains not only to rural communities. Western bias against insects led to gradual reduction of usage of insects as food without any compensation for lost sources of nutrition and other benefits. Current efforts of the Western world to prevent starvation of population and undo the consequences of inconsiderate human interventions into the environment are often futile and ineffective. One of possible answers to these global problems could be reestablishment of insects as a food source for the native population. Insects offer a renewable source of protein with nutritional values as high as 3186kJ per 100g of solids which exceeds the values of most species traditionally cultivated. The protein content varies throughout the various insect species from 30% in wood-worms to 81% in wasps of the genus Polybia. Moreover, the quality of these proteins is very high and the high values of the amino acids contained outperform the FAO recommended designs. Many species contain important minerals such as calcium, sulfur, iron, phosphor, magnesium and zinc and are as well rich in B vitamins, niacin, riboflavin and thiamin, which are often not incorporated enough into standard meal...
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Problem of the undernourishment and the food water resources
Polzová, Tereza ; Kuna, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The main focus of the final thesis are the problems related to the problem of undernourishment in affected
regions of the world, sea fishing and aquaculture.
In the beginning, the definition of the food problem in the world is introduced. The potential contribution of proteins from the sea production to human dietary is emphasized. Further, the exponential population growth is mentioned, influencing the future development and the food problem itself.
The second part of thesis is dedicated to fisheries and aquaculture. The importance and benefits of sea water resources as well as aquaculture is mentioned from the nutritional and livelihood point of view. Sea management and international regulations are playing
crucial role in the sustainability of the fisheries stocks. These are needed to eliminate the problems of fisheries and aquaculture and the degradation of sea ecosystems due to unsuitable fishing techniques.
At the end of the thesis a summary of all important information is listed. Followed
by possible solutions of these global problems.
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The Horn of Africa food crisis
Viazanková, Zuzana ; Kuna, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
This work focuses on the Horn of Africa food crisis. The food problem is one of the largest and oldest problems of mankind. This problem is closely related to the problem of hunger and poverty. Lack of access to food, raw materials and water is reflected in higher tension and violence, which then results in various conflicts. The work provides a theoretical basis for this problem. The following section describes the causes of the food problem, such as population growth, lack of education, land degradation, climate change, natural disasters and the like. The practical part is focused on the analysis of statistical data on demographics, economics, poverty, foreign aid, foreign trade and agriculture of the Horn of Africa. In the last part of the thesis, there are outlined possible solutions of undesirable situation in which the Somali peninsula is located, among them an increase in the population's education, stabilization of population, the development of agriculture, change of ownership of the soil, economic growth, integration groupings and food programs.
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