|
|
Health assessment using smart devices
Vargová, Enikö ; Filipenská, Marina (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of non-invasive determination of blood glucose from photoplethysmographic signals. Elevated blood sugar is often associated with disease called diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is one of the world’s major chronic diseases. Untreated diabetes is often a cause of death. The aim of the work is to propose methods for glycemic classification and prediction. Two datasets have been created by recording the PPG signals using two smart devices (a smart wristband and a smartphone), along with their blood glucose levels measured in an invasive way. The PPG signals were preprocessed, and suitable features were extracted from them. Various machine-learning models for glycemic classification and prediction were created.
|
|
|
Accuracy of Personal Glucometers
Kroulíková, Markéta ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with accuracy measurement of personal glucometers. The theoretical part is focused on processing information about glucose and its role in organism, diabetes mellitus, procedures and devices used in self-monitoring of glucose. The next part is focused on preparation of practical part, especially describing available personal glucometer, testing its measuring accuracy, the calculation of necessary measurements to perform the experiment and a description of the reference sample for data measurement.
|
|
|
Estimation of blood glucose level based on PPG signals measured by smart devices
Vargová, Enikö ; Němcová, Andrea
This paper deals with the possibilities of non-invasivedetermination of blood glucose from photoplethysmographic signals.Monitoring blood sugar is the most important part of managingdiabetes. Diabetes is one of the world’s major chronic diseases.Untreated diabetes is often a cause of death.Two datasets have been created by recording thephotoplethysmographic signals of 16 people using two smart devices(a smart wristband and a smartphone), along with their bloodglucose levels measured in an invasive way. Thephotoplethysmographic signals were preprocessed, and suitablefeatures were extracted from them. The aim of the work is to proposemethods for glycemic classification and prediction.Various machine-learning models were created. The best modelfor classifying blood glucose into two groups (low blood glucose andhigh blood glucose) is random forest, which achieves an F1 score of84% and 80% on two different test sets obtained from two smartdevices. The best blood glucose level prediction model is also basedon random forest and achieves an MAE of 1.02 mmol/l and 1.17mmol/l on both testing datasets.
|
|
|
Health assessment using smart devices
Vargová, Enikö ; Filipenská, Marina (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
This thesis deals with the possibilities of non-invasive determination of blood glucose from photoplethysmographic signals. Elevated blood sugar is often associated with disease called diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is one of the world’s major chronic diseases. Untreated diabetes is often a cause of death. The aim of the work is to propose methods for glycemic classification and prediction. Two datasets have been created by recording the PPG signals using two smart devices (a smart wristband and a smartphone), along with their blood glucose levels measured in an invasive way. The PPG signals were preprocessed, and suitable features were extracted from them. Various machine-learning models for glycemic classification and prediction were created.
|
|
|
The role of a nurse at client's home in self-monitoring.
ADAMČÁKOVÁ, Marta
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of the role of the nurse in monitoring at home. It deals with the correctness of performing home measurements in the patient's homes. This work points out the important activities of the nurse, leading to the improvement of the results of home measurements. The work provides a view of the nurse on activities in the field of self-monitoring, but also a view of the experiences, needs and expectations of patients. The theoretical part focuses on the definition of self-monitoring, its proper implementation, the need and the most common use in Czech medical practice, focused on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chronic diseases. It defines and approaches the diseases that are most often associated with self-monitoring performed by the patient in the home environment. Interviews with nurses and patients revealed their view of the nurse's activities, leading to quality results, thanks to a well-performed home self-assessment of the patient. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to map the activities and knowledge that are needed to fulfill the role of the nurse in self-monitoring in the patient's home environment. In order not to skew the results of the survey, patients were also invited to interviews. The survey showed that nurses working in specialized clinics perform their activities at the best level of all the nurses interviewed. The quality of the nurses from these outpatient clinics was confirmed by the knowledge and overview of the interviewed patients visiting specialized outpatient clinics. Furthermore, the research shows that nurses working in general practitioner surgeries do not sufficiently ensure the individual needs of the patient in the field of education, learning and information in the field of self-monitoring. Interviews with nurses from hospital wards and hospitalized patients have shown that nurses do not perform self-monitoring activities at home during the hospitalization of a patient diagnosed with hypertension or diabetes mellitus. These are activities such as education, providing information, measuring practice and more.
|
|
|
Diabetes Mellitus 1st Type
Kadlecová, Kateřina ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
Diabetes Mellitus 1st Type Abstract This thesis deals with chronic illness diabetes mellitus 1st type. It is a job search to define and clarify the phenomena associated primarily with the course, but also the formation, prevention and complications of diabetes. The theoretical part of the work developed through the study of literature and other sources, and is intended to familiarize in detail and summarize the current state of knowledge of the topic. Much attention is devoted to the course of the disease, namely the possible resulting acute and late complications and consequently their solutions. Emphasis is also asset to the modern, ever-improving treatment options and the importance of self-monitoring. From a pedagogical point of view is taken into account in the work of the psyche diabetic, specially in terms of integration into the community. Conclusion the work points out, that even sick with diabetes mellitus can live a full and long live, if they abide by the rules.
|
|
|
The effect of regular physical activity on a long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Schöppelová, Lucie ; Pelcl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
Introduction: Physical activity should be part of our everyday life. However, for people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus it is the most common cause of hypoglycemia. To control diabetes in the right way, it is therefore necessary to follow certain rules and recommendations that help preventing hypoglycemia while the physical activity remains beneficial at the same time. Aim of the work: The main aim of this study is to clarify the influence of physical activity in connection to long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: 102 respondents with diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the age of 19-69 years participated in a quantitative analysis. This research was conducted in a form of multicentric examination at two independent medical centers. The data collection was done through questionnaires focused on physical activity and daily regime. The data from questionnaires were then compared to the values of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), HDL cholesterol and the total daily dose of insulin of certain patients. For statistical evaluation, analytical tools of Microsoft Office program were used (F-test and t-test). Results: We found correlation between HbA1C values in patients physically active for less than 2 hours/week compared to those who are physically active for more than 2 hours/week (62,72...
|
|
|
Low-carbohydrate diet in diabetes mellitus type 1 treatment
Němečková, Monika ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Hásková, Aneta (referee)
The topic of the diploma thesis is the influence of a low-carbohydrate diet on the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is an autoimmune disease for which it is necessary for patients to administer insulin. The selection of suitable sports activities, good health and mental condition and, above all, the adjustment of eating habits also contribute to the successful compensation of diabetes. This work demonstrates a low-carbohydrate diet as one of the possibilities diabetics can eat. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part briefly describes the disease and presents the recommended and a low- carbohydrate diet. The following section also addresses physical activity. It describes the issues of sports for people with diabetes who are on a regular diet, as well as on low-carbohydrate diet. The practical part shows the results of glucose sensors (Free Style Libre, Dexcom G6 and Medtronic), which continuously measure blood sugar levels. In the practical part, eight respondents with type 1 diabetes, who switched the recommended diet for a low-carbohydrate diet, were surveyed in the form of a questionnaire. The purpose of the questionnaire was to assess the effects of switching to a low- carbohydrate diet on: the compensation of diabetes; the frequency of...
|
|
|
Influence of education on diet adjustment and composition in obese patients without diabetes mellitus and with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
Filipová, Tereza ; Vařeka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mikeš, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the connection between incorrectly adjusted nutrition, obesity and the values of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to confirm the effect of nutritional education on diet modification, and thus on weight reduction and body composition adjustment in obese individuals with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and without diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Methods: For the purposes of the research were selected clients of Centrum výživy s.r.o. situated in Prague 2 with overweight or obesity. The total research group consisted of 42 probands, 32 women and 10 men. All of them were older than 18 years have BMI above 24,9 kg/m2 . Initially, all probands were subjected to bioelectrical impedance analysis on a Tanita BC-418 MA to analyse body composition and actual body weight. Subsequently, the waist circumference was measured with 150 cm long tape. Laboratory testing was performed on all probands. During the 60-minute long consultation were discussed probands current eating habits and their current healt situation, physical acitivity and prefered foods were obtained using a questionnaire survey. Based on this informations were made nutrition recommendations for each of the probands, which he has to follow for next 6 moths. Once a month were performer...
|
|
|
Pharmacological interventions of nuclear receptors in diabettes mellitus
Draský, Jakub ; Pávek, Petr (advisor) ; Bárta, Pavel (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Jakub Draský Supervisor: prof. PharmDr. Petr Pávek, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Pharmacological influence of nuclear receptors in diabetes mellitus therapy Nuclear receptors belong to the superfamily of transcription factors, their main functions include regulating the expression of target genes. In my work I focused mainly on the group of orphan receptors, namely the pregnane X receptor (PXR) and the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). A common feature of these receptors is their activation by a specific ligand. Both CAR and PXR have an essential function as biological sensors of hydrophobic xenobiotics when they induce enzymes I and II. phase of metabolism. They are also essential in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, insulin response, adipogenesis, cholesterol homeostasis, fatty acids, triglycerides and glycogen. The aim of this experimental work was to introduce a luciferase reporter assay method for two DNA constructs containing the promoter region of the PEPCK and CYP7A1 genes. We used the known agonist rifampicin and the antagonist SPA70 to activate/deactivate PXR. We used CITCO as a CAR receptor agonist. We first verified the functionality of the luciferase reporter gene assay...
|
guest ::
