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Differences in food intake among obese and non-obese pacients with diabetes
Číhová, Anna ; Škrha, Jan (advisor) ; Šatný, Martin (referee)
Basis: Disorders of glucose metabolism, including prediabetes and diabetes, and obesity are very common diseases, the prevalence of which continues to rise worldwide. Overweight and obesity are usually associated with type 2 diabetes, and some authors use the term diabesity for the joint occurrence of these two diseases, but even in patients with type 1 diabetes, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing. The basic measure in the treatment of an obese diabetic is a diet leading to weight reduction, ideally to achieve optimal body weight. Objective: This work focuses on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in patients with diabetes, respectively in individual types of diabetes and on the differences in food intake of obese and non- obese patients with diabetes, with the aim of determining whether overweight and obesity, or excessive energy intake, are related to worse diabetes compensation. Methodology: In the practical part of this diploma thesis, two methods of data collection were chosen, a questionnaire survey and anonymous data collection from electronic medical documentation. All data obtained were continuously recorded and then statistically analysed using the Welch t-test and the chi-squared test in the TIBCO STATISTICA 13 program. Findings: In the entire research population...
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Relationship of oxidative stress to parameters of diabetes control in development of vascular complications.
Pelcl, Tomáš ; Prázný, Martin (advisor) ; Rušavý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Šmahelová, Alena (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the clarification of the pathogenesis of chronic complications of diabetes mellitus. The main goal of the research was glycaemic variability, its contribution to the activation of oxidative stress and its possible role in the process of advanced glycation, all beyond the scope of persistent hyperglycaemia itself. Another aim of the work is to contribute to the clarification of a possible relationship between glycaemic variability and vascular complications of diabetes. We were the first to describe the association between the concentrations of reactive aldehydes formed during lipid peroxidation and disorders of skin microvascular reactivity in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1). Elevated markers of oxidative stress were found in this group, furthermore during the 3 years of follow-up higher plasma antioxidant activity was observed. These findings were not dependent of the method of glucose monitoring and glucose variability, which was lower in a subgroup of patients using real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM), compared to a subgroup using conventional glucometers. However, it is clear, that hyperglycaemia alone induces increased oxidative stress in patients with diabetes. Simultaneously we observed the opposite process of oxidative stress...
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