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Glottal Stop and Linking in Czech English
SALABOVÁ, Dita
This diploma thesis focuses on some aspects of pronunciation of Czech speakers of English, which receive relatively little attention, notably on phenomena known as glottal stop and lin-king. The thesis starts from a comparison of the Czech and English phonological system, fol-lowed by a detailed description of the glottal stop and its use. It also provides an explanation of phenomena in English used for smooth transition between words, i.e. linking phonemes r, l and w, and intrusive r, which lie in the focus of the work. In Chapter Six the main focus turns onto a text containing the above mentioned features and its analysis. The research itself is based on authentic recordings of both Czech and native English speakers reading the text. In the following part are analysed established features. In Chapter Seven the author formulates the general principles and implications for teaching methodology, which could help students of English improve their pronunciation with respect to linking and minimise the interference between the languages, manifested as an overuse of glottal stop in spoken English.
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Use of glottalization as a factor enabling speaker identification
Skákal, Ladislav ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Bořil, Tomáš (referee)
While handling the task of speaker identification, forensic phoneticians use a combination of various parameters contained in different levels of speech signal. The main aim of the present thesis is to explore whether glottalization in Czech may be considered as a potentially useful parameter in this sense. In our research, we focus on the rate of prevocalic glottalization at word boundaries and we distinguish between different realisations of glottalization: canonical glottal stop and its hypoarticulated form - creaky voice. The studied material consists of repeated recordings of three male and four female speakers and contains both read text and spontaneous speech. The results do not indicate that the same speaker would use glottalization differently in the first and second recording, but a difference in glottalization is found between speakers. From the forensic phonetics point of view, this finding seems to be useful. Marginally, some other factors which are not directly connected with the speaker (height of following vowel, lexical factors and speech rate) were examined, but no influence on glottalization was found. Keywords: glottal stop, glottalization, forensic phonetics, speaker identification
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Glottalization in the combination with non-syllabic prepositions in the Czech speech of Russian speakers
Tolkunova, Yana ; Veroňková, Jitka (advisor) ; Confortiová, Helena (referee)
Glottalization, as significant irregularity of glottal pulsing, fulfils a number of linguistic functions and can occur in various contexts. This paper examines the rate of vowel-related glottalization of non-syllabic prepositions when native Russian speakers read Czech speech. In Czech, just like in other languages there is a relatively high frequency of glottalization. The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that could influence it. The speakers produced a short read text which contained 59 potential neslabičné prepositions where glottalization could occur in standard pronunciation. The basic set of the perceptual analysis and statistical processing consisted of 582 items. The rate of glottalization in individual speakers ranged from 0 % to 90 % , where the average volume is regulary based at 49 %. Statistical significance of differences in the frequency of the analyzed groups created on the basis of monitored aspects were calculated using the chi-square test.
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Use of glottalization as a factor enabling speaker identification
Skákal, Ladislav ; Skarnitzl, Radek (advisor) ; Bořil, Tomáš (referee)
While handling the task of speaker identification, forensic phoneticians use a combination of various parameters contained in different levels of speech signal. The main aim of the present thesis is to explore whether glottalization in Czech may be considered as a potentially useful parameter in this sense. In our research, we focus on the rate of prevocalic glottalization at word boundaries and we distinguish between different realisations of glottalization: canonical glottal stop and its hypoarticulated form - creaky voice. The studied material consists of repeated recordings of three male and four female speakers and contains both read text and spontaneous speech. The results do not indicate that the same speaker would use glottalization differently in the first and second recording, but a difference in glottalization is found between speakers. From the forensic phonetics point of view, this finding seems to be useful. Marginally, some other factors which are not directly connected with the speaker (height of following vowel, lexical factors and speech rate) were examined, but no influence on glottalization was found. Keywords: glottal stop, glottalization, forensic phonetics, speaker identification
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The use of the glottal stop in native and non-native speakers of French
Skákal, Ladislav ; Duběda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chodaková, Polina (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe the involvement of the glottal stop in the system of French language. Despite the fact that the use of this segment isn't as noticeable as it is in some other languages (e.g. in Czech), it would be erroneous to suppose that the French link all the words one after another. The thesis is focused on the undertaken research which was based on the analysis of the real use of the glottal stop in read speech. Two basic forms of the realisation of the glottal stop are distinguished: canonical glottal stop and creaky voice. In the research, we use recordings of both native (8) and non-native speakers - students of French philology (17). Moreover, the non-native speakers were recorded repeatedly (usually in the first and in the third grade), so the progress in pronunciation during this period of the study can be observed. The real presence of the glottal stop seems to be influenced by many various factors. Those probably include phonetic factors (especially prosodic ones: junctures, emphasis) as well as semantic and syntactic factors.
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