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Synthesis of NIR Reductive Probes to Monitor Hypoxia During Fungal Infection
Kárníková, Tereza ; Baszczyňski, Ondřej (advisor) ; Míšek, Jiří (referee)
Invasive fungal infections represent a significant problem, resulting in approximately 1.5 million deaths worldwide annually. Among the most common invasive fungal infections are aspergillosis and candidiasis. Both opportunistic infections have a high mortality rate (50% and 27%, respectively). The diagnosis of these infections is often complex, leading to delayed detection and an increased risk of complications. Recently, near-infrared (NIR) hypoxia probes have been investigated for the diagnosis and monitoring of fungal infections. These probes enable non-invasive measurement of tissue oxygen concentration and can contribute to early diagnosis of fungal infections. Hypoxia can also be a relevant target for the delivery of antifungal agents. For this reason, a series of hypoxia-selective probes has been developed. These probes contain N-methyl-2-nitroimidazole and a fluorophore that absorbs in the near-infrared spectrum. We anticipate that probes will function as follows: the reducible breakdown of N- methyl-2-nitroimidazole in a hypoxic environment will activate the probe, leading to the release of the fluorophore, which absorbs in the near-infrared spectrum. Confocal microscopy will be used to observe whether the fluorophore is selectively released in the hypoxic environment or at the site of...
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In-vivo and ex-vivo models for superficial mycosis
Míková, Ivana ; Hubka, Vít (advisor) ; Julák, Jaroslav (referee)
12. 5. 2016 In vivo a ex vivo modely povrchových mykóz (bakalářská práce) Ivana Míková Abstract In my bachelor thesis I have dealt with the importance of using the laboratory animals (in vivo models) and artificial tissue (ex vivo models) for studying the superficial mycosis. The purpose of using these models is especially to clarify the pathogenesis of illness (the pathogenʼs penetration into the organism, the clinical, histopathological and immunological changes) or testing of new treatments. Selection of a suitable and susceptible model, methodics of preparation of the inoculum and preparation of the model before inoculation are crucial for the successful creation of the experiment. Small rodents (guinea-pig, mouse, rat), skin equivalents and keratin films made from human hair, nails and animal hooves are the most used in vivo and ex vivo models. This bachelor thesis summarizes their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the work deals with the types of dermatophytes and thermally dimorphic fungi used for successful inoculation and with the specific purpose of their use. The dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Arthroderma) and thermally dimorphic fungi (Blastomyces and Sporothrix) are the most often researched originators of the superficial mycosis. Both groups cause the animal...
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Biological control of plant pathogens
Chudý, Michal ; Ryšlavá, Helena (advisor) ; Müller, Karel (referee)
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a major role in protecting cellular proteins, acting as chaperones, preventing aggregation of partially damaged molecules, and help the protein repack, repair and create its right three-dimensional structure. Their synthesis occurs mainly during the stress state of the cell or the whole plant. Biotic forms of stress induce the expression of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs), which are often characterized by enzyme activity, such as glucanases, chitinases and peroxidases. In this work, the effect of infection with fungal pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Verticillium longisporum on the content of HSP70, HSP90 and PR-1, PR-2, PR-3 was followed in the tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Micro-Tom) and rapeseed plants (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera). The seeds were treated with isolates of oomycete Pythium oligandrum, which is one of the unique and commercially available biological control agents. HSPs and PRs proteins were detected immunochemically on a nitrocellulose membrane. Immunochemical analysis showed the interaction of primary antibodies against HSP70 and HSP90 with low relative molecular weight proteins. Infection with Alternaria brassicicola and Verticillium longisporum increased the representation of 33 kDa - 43 kDa proteins. Seed treatment with...
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In-vivo and ex-vivo models for superficial mycosis
Míková, Ivana ; Hubka, Vít (advisor) ; Julák, Jaroslav (referee)
12. 5. 2016 In vivo a ex vivo modely povrchových mykóz (bakalářská práce) Ivana Míková Abstract In my bachelor thesis I have dealt with the importance of using the laboratory animals (in vivo models) and artificial tissue (ex vivo models) for studying the superficial mycosis. The purpose of using these models is especially to clarify the pathogenesis of illness (the pathogenʼs penetration into the organism, the clinical, histopathological and immunological changes) or testing of new treatments. Selection of a suitable and susceptible model, methodics of preparation of the inoculum and preparation of the model before inoculation are crucial for the successful creation of the experiment. Small rodents (guinea-pig, mouse, rat), skin equivalents and keratin films made from human hair, nails and animal hooves are the most used in vivo and ex vivo models. This bachelor thesis summarizes their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the work deals with the types of dermatophytes and thermally dimorphic fungi used for successful inoculation and with the specific purpose of their use. The dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, Arthroderma) and thermally dimorphic fungi (Blastomyces and Sporothrix) are the most often researched originators of the superficial mycosis. Both groups cause the animal...
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Practical use of Persteril for the prevention of fungal infections of fish roe and its effectiveness in antiparasitic baths cyprinids compared with used liquids
FOŘT, Ondřej
Persteril (Acidum peraceticum) is a trademark used for a disinfectant with peracetic acid as an active ingredient. It is highly effective biocide and has extensive application possibilities with regard to environmental friendliness, it also has the widest range of disinfection efficacy. The practical part took place in the Genetic centre hatchery at the FROV JU in Vodnany. Persteril? was used for Short-time bath followed by rearing roe in the recirculating system and for short-time bath followed by rearing roe in the flow system. Both versions are breeding quite well; Persteril? detects fungal infection of fish roe in comparison with other liquids, as well as it leaves smaller or no residue in the water or out of the water until the evaporation (according to the concentration).
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