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The explant cultures of Trichocereus pachanoi
Čabelková, Petra ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Affecting tissue cultures with precursors is one of methods that increases the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. This thesis deals with precursors affecting production of mescaline in suspension tissue cultures of Trichocereus pachanoi. As precursors dopamine, D, L-tyrosine, casein hydrolysate and shikimic acid were used. Three concentrations of these precursors were prepared. Suspension cultures with different concentrations of precursors were analysed by HPLC method after 48 and 168 hours. Murashige and Skoog medium was used for cultivation. Mescaline biosynthesis was most affected by dopamine. The largest amount of mescaline was produced in suspension culture with the highest concentration of dopamine 50 mg/100 ml.The culture was cultivated for 168 hours. Suspension cultures that were cultivated for 48 hours produced the highest amount of mescaline with the highest concentration of dopamin 50 mg/100 ml. The biosynthesis of mescaline was inhibited by other precursores (D, L-tyrosine, casein hydrolysate, shikimic acid).
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The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I
Blahušová, Adriana ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Adriana Blahušová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Kašparová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I A principal precondition for successful elicitation used to increase the production of secondary metabolites is, among other, finding a suitable elicitor, its concentration and the optimal period of time of the action of the elicitor on the plant culture in vitro, which was the aim of the present diploma thesis. The effect was examined of a 6, 24, 48 and 168 hour action of the solution of chitosan (in four concentrations) on the production of flavonoids in the suspension culture Trifolium pratense L. (variety Sprint, Tempus and DO-8). The culture was cultivated in Gamborg medium to which 2 mg/l of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine were added, at the temperature of 25řC and 16 hours light/8 hours dark period. The best elicitation effect of chitosan on the production of flavonoids was the lowest concentration of 1 mg/100ml in all three studied varieties after 48 hours of application.
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The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I
Blahušová, Adriana ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Adriana Blahušová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Kašparová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I A principal precondition for successful elicitation used to increase the production of secondary metabolites is, among other, finding a suitable elicitor, its concentration and the optimal period of time of the action of the elicitor on the plant culture in vitro, which was the aim of the present diploma thesis. The effect was examined of a 6, 24, 48 and 168 hour action of the solution of chitosan (in four concentrations) on the production of flavonoids in the suspension culture Trifolium pratense L. (variety Sprint, Tempus and DO-8). The culture was cultivated in Gamborg medium to which 2 mg/l of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine were added, at the temperature of 25řC and 16 hours light/8 hours dark period. The best elicitation effect of chitosan on the production of flavonoids was the lowest concentration of 1 mg/100ml in all three studied varieties after 48 hours of application.
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The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I
Blahušová, Adriana ; Kašparová, Marie (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate: Adriana Blahušová Supervisor: PharmDr. Marie Kašparová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: The study of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I A principal precondition for successful elicitation used to increase the production of secondary metabolites is, among other, finding a suitable elicitor, its concentration and the optimal period of time of the action of the elicitor on the plant culture in vitro, which was the aim of the present diploma thesis. The effect was examined of a 6, 24, 48 and 168 hour action of the solution of chitosan (in four concentrations) on the production of flavonoids in the suspension culture Trifolium pratense L. (variety Sprint, Tempus and DO-8). The culture was cultivated in Gamborg medium to which 2 mg/l of 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine were added, at the temperature of 25řC and 16 hours light/8 hours dark period. The best elicitation effect of chitosan on the production of flavonoids was the lowest concentration of 1 mg/100ml in all three studied varieties after 48 hours of application.
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The antioxidant activity of St. John's wort explantate cultures
Vrabec, Rudolf ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Spilková, Jiřina (referee)
St. John's wort is a herbal medicine well known for its anti-depressant effect. It contains anthraquinone derivates, prenylated floroglucinols, tannins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and especially flavonoids, which have a wide range of biological effects on the body including antioxidant properties. Antioxidants are one of the possibilities to protect body from harmful influences of free radicals - highly reactive particles that damage biological structures. In this work, two methods (DPPH and superoxide radical) were used to determinate antioxidant activity of methanolic and aqueous extracts of dried St. John's wort - Hypericum Perforatum L. and its callus and suspension explant cultures. The results are processed into tables and graphs which compare the effectiveness of extracts to quench the radicals. EC50 for the methanolic extract was 0,064 mg/ml and for the aqueous extract 0,068 mg/ml. EC50 for the aqueous extract was 16,727 mg/ml, but unfortunatelly the other antioxidant activity values for EC50 were too low to evaluate. Determination of the content of flavonoids hyperoside and quercetin by high performance liquid chromatography shows that their highest content is in the drug extracts and that the explant cultures have negligible content of the flavonoids. There is no content of hypericin in all...
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Production of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures I
Továrková, Lucie ; Siatka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Production of secondary metabolites in plant tissue cultures The goal of this study is to determine the influence of sodium molybdate and sodium tungstate as elicitors on production of scopoletin in cell suspension culture of Angelica archangelica L. The culture was grown in a liquid culture medium Murashige and Skoog on a roller apparatus in the dark and light. The content of scopoletin was in cells and in the culture medium determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. The results show that sodium molybdate served as an elicitor to the production of scopoletin positively, application of sodium tungstate did not increase scopoletin production in any case. The highest production of scopoletin after application of sodium molybdate versus the control cells was reached in the suspension culture of Angelica archangelica L. cultured in the dark at a concentration of 25,50 mg/l. Scopoletin content increased by 166,7 %. After application of sodium tungstate the production always decreased, in the medium of a suspension culture of Angelica archangelica L. cultivated in the light at a concentration of 66.00 mg/l, the production decrease was by up 62,5 %.
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The explant cultures of Trichocereus pachanoi
Čabelková, Petra ; Martin, Jan (advisor) ; Kašparová, Marie (referee)
Affecting tissue cultures with precursors is one of methods that increases the production of secondary metabolites in vitro. This thesis deals with precursors affecting production of mescaline in suspension tissue cultures of Trichocereus pachanoi. As precursors dopamine, D, L-tyrosine, casein hydrolysate and shikimic acid were used. Three concentrations of these precursors were prepared. Suspension cultures with different concentrations of precursors were analysed by HPLC method after 48 and 168 hours. Murashige and Skoog medium was used for cultivation. Mescaline biosynthesis was most affected by dopamine. The largest amount of mescaline was produced in suspension culture with the highest concentration of dopamine 50 mg/100 ml.The culture was cultivated for 168 hours. Suspension cultures that were cultivated for 48 hours produced the highest amount of mescaline with the highest concentration of dopamin 50 mg/100 ml. The biosynthesis of mescaline was inhibited by other precursores (D, L-tyrosine, casein hydrolysate, shikimic acid).
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Využití světelných zdrojů při kultivaci rostlin v podmínkách in vitro
Svoboda, Michael
This work focuses on elaborating a research on different plant species representatives and their responses to various lighting conditions. Most tested was the influence of light spectrum and the use of new light sources. As the most suitable light source for future cultivation of plant components under in vitro conditions seems to be LED lighting due to possibility of light spectrum choice as well as its energy efficiency. The downside of this lighting system is its high cost, which will most likely decrease in the coming years. The choice of suitable light spectrum is individual because of the different requirements of the plants.
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In vitro cultivation possibilities of orchid Macodes petola
SVOBODOVÁ, Simona
The orchid family covers 90 percent of the rarest plants under protection all over the world. The ecological and economic value of orchids has aroused public awareness. Since vegatitve propagation methods are available, development of in vitro methods are essential for conservation and commercialization of plants. Purposes work was elaboration progress of vegetative multiplication for tropical orchid Macodes petola in conditions in vitro. At research were proof 4 methods, which distinguish in using desinfection, in operating time and in using different nutritive mediums.
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