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Comparison of Andrej Babiš and Emmanuel Macron in the context of political entry, ideology and European stances
Urbaník, Milan ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Michal, Aleš (referee)
The paper compares the relationship between Andrej Babiš and Emmanuel Macron. In the first part it compares their entry into the political arena using the Genetic Model by Angelo Panebianco. Both politicians, Babiš and Macron, tried to present their political movements as emerging from the bottom up, but in reality, it was a process of diffusion from the leadership to the periphery. Babiš's ANO is financed directly by himself and his business concern, which legitimises it internally, while Macron's En Marche! relies on donors, which legitimises it externally. Both politicians displayed a situational charisma when they entered the political arena which played a key role in the growth of their political movements. Using Klaus von Beyme's Theory of the Party Family, I compare the ideologies of the two politicians, who share certain liberal elements, especially on economic issues. Both politicians advocate running the state like a business, rejecting the labels of right or left and preferring professional solutions to political ones. They reject political labels and refuse to align themselves with one ideological spectrum. We thus identify elements of technocracy and populism. While Macron's position remains consistent, Babiš is changing his position. The biggest differences, however, can be found in...
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The impact of the 2014 amendment of the Directive 92/85/EEC in the presence of women in the production sector
Caria Fernandes Ferreira Nunes, Madalena ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Mysíková, Martina (referee)
As with many other public policies, the 2014 amendment of the Council directive 92/85/EEC, concerning the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health at work of pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding, may have unintended consequences, beyond its original purpose. Thus, this research aims to study if the aforementioned amendment caused some disturbance in the participation of women in the labour market, differentiating by production sectors. To do this, a sample of OECD countries was used to employ a differences-in-differences methodology, where the treatment group was the set of EU Countries subjected to this law. In addition, the model is extended to control for country-specific variables allowing for a descriptive analysis of the influence of the selected variables on the share of women in the different sectors. Although the effect of the amendment on the share of women in the analysed industries was found to be statistically insignificant using the differences-in-differences methodology, the covariates model offers interesting insights on the topics of fertility, education, maternity leave and employment protection. A brief analysis of variance has also shown that the countries that implemented women-specific legislation...
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European policy of the Angela Merkel's administration 2005-2010. Comparison of the european policies of the "big coalition" 2005-09 and the conservative-liberal coalition 2009-10
Říšová, Zuzana ; Jeřábek, Martin (advisor) ; Moravcová, Dagmar (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the European politics of the Federal Republic of Germany during the government of the Angela Merkel's cabinets. The thesis is focusing on the time period from 2005 to winter 2010/2011. This period can be split into two parts: 1) the government of the big coalition of the "Union" parties (CDU/CSU) and the Social Democrats (SPD) and 2) the current conservative-liberal coalition of CDU/CSU and the Liberals (FDP). The aim of the thesis is to compare both the cabinets concerning on their priorities in chosen areas of the European politics, as well as the particular steps taken. Several case studies show that the European politics of the Angela Merkel's big coalition can be evaluated as considerably pro-integration and cooperative. The Chancellor improved the Germany's relationship to the middle- and eastern European countries and significantly contributed to the discussion of the new European reform treaty. This resulted into a stronger position of Germany in Europe. The government period of the conservative-liberal coalition is connected with the ending world economic and financial crisis and the economic problems of several member states of the Euro zone. The analysis of this period confirms the hypothesis that facing this situation, the European politics of the...
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