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Risk assessment and its impact on the environment in terms of environmental safety
Skálová, Marcela ; Lukášková,, Eva (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the environmental protection. In the primary phase are described risks, which have impact on environment. Because is in this thesis placed emphasis on the environmental security, the term environmental security is here defined and furthermore is also described its content. Described risks and problems is possible to solve due to environmental policy. This term includes also Concept of environmental policy, which is analysed with the vision for 2020. The second main part of this diploma thesis consists of author’s own proposals about the environmental protection. Here is pointed out the necessity to create an objective legislation and good conditions for environmental education.
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Environmental security of the Russian Federation in the context of climate change
Samyltyrova, Madina ; Jelen, Libor (advisor) ; Frantál, Bohumil (referee)
The thesis examines the concept of environmental security in Russia from the perspectives of politics and law, the academic sphere, business entities, and media. The theoretical basis was built on the works of authors who contributed to expanding the security concept regarding environmental threats. The practical part consists of discourse, content, and thematic analysis. It was found that the concept of environmental security in Russia is currently under development and encompasses not only ecological but also political and economic aspects. The scientific community plays a key role in incorporating new threats into the concept of environmental security. While the government of the Russian Federation and the business sector acknowledge the importance of environmental security, their roles are somewhat limited. International standards and commitments in the field of climate change are crucial for the state and business entities. However, the state does not provide significant assistance to companies in this regard. The government responds well to events such as accidents or pollution resulting from private sector activities. However, the elimination of negative impacts on the environment does not always occur. Presumably, some companies operating within significant sectors in Russia can communicate...
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UN Security Council and Environmental Threats
Škop, Martin ; Bruner, Tomáš (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
This thesis examines the securitization of climate change within the UN Security Council. The aim of the thesis was to answer the question of how the permanent members of the Council securitise or desecuritise climate threats, or what characterises their speech act. The assessment was based on a content analysis that coded all the statements made by the permanent members of the Council in the general discussion on climate change and its security implications. The thesis thus provides an overview of the specific elements that fulfill the securitization move and emergency measures as well as other elements that are typical for the actors. The thesis compares these with the assumptions arising from the Copenhagen School theory of securitization and interprets their consistency or inconsistency. In addition, the concept of "climatisation" is used, which allows for a different, often more useful perspective on the topic. From the perspective of this concept, it has been confirmed that many actors are characterized by attempts to integrate climate policies and objectives into various security spheres such as UN missions, development policy or conflict prevention policy. The content analysis to all the above conclusions allows to provide a body of evidence, which is an annex to the present thesis,...
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Securitization of drought in the Czech Republic
Chábová, Tereza ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Karmazin, Aleš (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with the construction of the threat of drought in the Czech Republic (which can be perceived as a matter of environmental security) using the securitization theory introduced by the Copenhagen school. This theory describes securitization as an intersubjective process, in which a particular threat is constructed by securitizing actors as a matter of security. The goal of the thesis was to find answers to the following research questions: I set to find out if the threat of drought in the Czech Republic was successfully securitized in the last ten years, who is the securitizing actor of the threat and what or who is the referent object, or in other words, the object which is being threatened. To find out the answers to the research questions, I used a qualitative research method of single case study; I analysed relevant primary sources using discourse and content analysis. The analysis showed that the securitization of drought in the Czech Republic was successful during the last ten years, since all the three criteria for successful securitization were met; there was a security speech act present, the audience has accepted the existence of the threat and the propositions of emergency measures against the threat of drought have been made. Based on the analysis of the primary...
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Coca eradication programs and environmental detriment in Colombia
Bregante, Camilla ; Březinová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
Camilla Bregante Coca eradication programs and environmental detriment in Colombia Abstract Conceived as U.S. assistance to Bogotá in combating Colombian drug cartels, Plan Colombia imposed the eradication of coca plants mainly through the fumigation with glyphosate. In the accusations against the Plan, human health issues largely surpassed discourses over environmental preservation. This thesis argued that the protection of biodiversity-rich Colombian ecosystems should be prioritized, hypothesizing harmful effects of Plan's implementation on flora and fauna. Building on the securitization theory, Colombian environmental detriment was proved to constitute a security issue. First, indeed, critical review of main toxicologists' studies on the matter revealed that the mixture used in fumigations deeply affects the ecosystems. Notably, a case study on Putumayo department emphasized damages on non-target vegetation and animals, which reduced to poverty the locals. Secondly, elaborating the data collected by the Integrated Illicit Crops Monitoring System (SIMCI) between 2001 and 2015, a comparative analysis between Putumayo and the Pacific region detected major crops displacement along the years, and, therefore, more and more forests cleared to grow coca. Finally, the last chapter described how, in the same...
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Securitising Nuclear Energy: Analysis of speech acts related to the possible construction of a new reactor at the existing Dukovany Nuclear Power Station
Dytrych, Simon ; Holubcová, Jitka (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This Master's thesis dealt with securitization attempts related to the planned construction of a new reactor at the Dukovany NPP. Therefore, its aim was to find, analyse and explain securitization speech acts associated with the planned reactor, in the period from summer 2015 to December 2020 using the critical discourse analysis approach. The results show that securitization speech acts of this kind do appear in the Czech public sphere and are articulated mainly by four groups of actors: representatives of Austria, Czech environmental NGOs, Czech governmental representatives, and Czech political opposition. These actors have different goals: to stop the construction of the reactor, to implement the construction of the reactor, or to influence the way in which the construction will be implemented. One case of successful securitization was found in the outcome: The Czech government was able to enforce extraordinary measures that deviated from standard democratic processes using security-based arguments. Their goal was to implement the construction of the reactor. It remains to add that the research also revealed three important functional actors who co-created the discourse: the BIS secret service, the SÚJB nuclear safety office and the company ČEZ.
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Environmental Security in the Czech Republic: An Analysis of the energy mix
Šumavský, Ondřej ; Binhack, Petr (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This thesis examines the concept of environmental security in regards to its historical development and current classification in the security studies discourse. It analyzes its relationship to the concept of energy security and explains some other relevant concepts used in this study. It then carefully chooses four determinants of environmental security which are most relevant for assessing the energy mix of the Czech Republic. The evaluation of the current energy mix is then compared to the state and composition of the country's energy mix in 2040 as outlined in the New State Energy Concept (NSEC) of 2013. Reflecting on the changes of the energy mix presented in NSEC reveals the actual impact of the future version of the energy mix on the environmental security in the Czech Republic. The thesis further identifies other important factors to consider when making strategic decisions about the composition of the energy mix and energy policy in general. To conclude, a reflection on the implications of this study both on the concept of environmental security and the Czech energy decision-making is offered.
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Environmental impacts of the floods in the South Bohemia area
TOMANOVÁ, Markéta
The environmental impacts of floods on the territory of South Bohemia was chosen as a topic of a thesis for several fundamental reasons. One main reason is the significance of the landscape and reflect on its values. The landscape is a set of individually occurring scenic features and extensive landscape structures, in which have individual natural compounds their irreplaceable function. Besides landscapes, the floods have a different environmental impact. Since 1997, the occurrence of floods has unexpectedly increased, and therefore the issue is getting more and more attention. Currently, the so-called environmental security is a hot topic, the evidence can be seen in the increase in professional publications and it also gets into the school curricula. Although the thesis focuses on the territory of South Bohemia, the results can be applied for the entire Czech Republic. The final survey includes a total of eight municipalities with extended powers, where interviews were conducted with the employees of the Department of the Environment, the Crisis Management,the Regional Hygiene Station of the South Bohemia, the Vltava River Basin and selected agricultural companies. This thesis titled "The environmental impact of floods in the South Bohemia" aims to evaluate the changes caused by the floods in the affected areas in the South Bohemia a reserach questiion follows: What are the effects of floods in terms of environmental impact in the South Bohemian Region? To achieve the set objectives the method of literature research was used, by which the basic information necessary to understand the issue was described. The method of qualitative research was also used; the reasearch was based on structured interviews with experts in the field. Afterwards, the information were logically organized and evaluated. The thesis is divided into two general parts. The first is a theoretical part, which describes the flood and its categories and its causes. It also explains the factors affecting the flood, the impacts on habitat and the flood retention capacity and its increase. It also describes and compares the largest floods in the Czech Republic since the 19th century, the basic law governing the issue of water and floods, flood protection organization in the Czech Republic and last but not least, the environmental security and the definition of the duties of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The second part describes the effects of floods in terms of the environmental impacts and describes its recourse. The nature needs some changes in order to be varied. That may come in the form of floods, even though after the water decrease its tremendous power and devastating effects can be seen. Based on research, it was found that there are long-term impacts on the landscape and environment but they are not so crucial. Water takes everything that comes its way, but the landscape itself can handle water very well. Drops of water soak into the ground or flow into the watercourse. The consequences of flooding depend on how much is the soil able to absorb water and how much time it would take. Unfortunately, this nature´s ability is distorted mostly by people and their actions. The water soil soaking is spoiled by buildings, badly tilled soil, inadequate food planting and destroyed hedgerows that serve as a hiding place for the animals. Maybe if the greatest importance was not emphasized on protecting people and their health, people would care more about the landscape and would be grateful for what nature offers and provides. The fundamentals of this work are solutions that would improve the environmental situation. The care should be taken not only to individual preventive measures, but to prevent floods and minimize their consequences. The starting point is to increase the retention, since the landscape has a short-term water retention problem.
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Risk assessment and its impact on the environment in terms of environmental safety
Skálová, Marcela ; Lukášková,, Eva (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the environmental protection. In the primary phase are described risks, which have impact on environment. Because is in this thesis placed emphasis on the environmental security, the term environmental security is here defined and furthermore is also described its content. Described risks and problems is possible to solve due to environmental policy. This term includes also Concept of environmental policy, which is analysed with the vision for 2020. The second main part of this diploma thesis consists of author’s own proposals about the environmental protection. Here is pointed out the necessity to create an objective legislation and good conditions for environmental education.
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Protection of the untreated sewage water environmental
BELEŠOVÁ, Petra
The topic "Environmental Security of Wastewater System" was selected for the creation of my thesis by several fundamental reasons.The main one is the vital importance of water for the functioning of human society.Drinking water sources are limited and the current relatively easy access to good quality water leads to irresponsible waste of this commodity.Besides wasting there is another big problem with environmental pollution,which is closely related to the degradation of sources of drinking water.With the increase of human population,environmental conditions began to worsen rapidly and this issue became to be discussed by multinational organizations.The so-called Environmental Security is currently very topical subject.It is introduced gradually into school curricula.Large amounts of funds have been invested to the environmental safety of water management in the past few years.An especially,there have been build many waste water treatment plants.The thesis is oriented locally on the municipality of Příbram.Its administrative area covers 74 municipalities and military training area of Brdy.The administrative area is mostly formed by smaller communities that are self-sustaining in water management.It is necessary to ensure sufficiently good conditions of the environment to prevent its degradation.The aim of this thesis is mainly to map the impacts of failure of sewage system and eventual propose of appropriate interim solutions of such failure.The research question is closely related to it: What is the current level of environmental safety of water? To achieve the set objectives,primarily I applied the method of literary research,through which was described the basic information necessary to understand the issue.It was also used method of qualitative research,which was carried out on the basis of interviews with experts in that field.The collected data were organized in a logical survey and analyzed by the a SWOT analysis.The thesis is divided into two main sections.The first one is a theoretical part,which describes the water cycle,explains what is infrastructure and,consequently,it highlights the importance of critical infrastructure.It also explains the concept of water management and presents the basic characteristics and methods of processing and treatment of drinking and waste water.It also states the basic legislation governing the issue of water and ultimately defines the concept of environmental security.The second part describes the sewage system in the area of Příbram and maps the ways of creation and the subsequent magnitude of failure of analyzed wastewater treatment plants.In direct relation to this,it assesses the possible emergence of environmental impact.Waste water can be divided into several groups according to where and how they arise.Taking account of their origin,wastewater may contain a wide variety of harmful substances.A failure of the wastewater system would be not only a current problem of environmental pollution at the site where the waste water was getting into the nature,but a long term adverse effect,which would be later manifested in the form of,for example,contamination of soil and groundwater,which would subsequently mix with drinking water resources.It could also lead to the death of some animals,disabling eating crops in that location and spread of various infectious diseases.This condition is highly undesirable and therefore it is necessary to implement preventive measures to prevent environmental safety.From this research,it was found that the formation of potentially serious impacts on the environment due to the failure of the sewage disposal plants in the area of Příbram is not expected.The operators are ready to remove immediately and quite efficiently incurred defects in order to avoid serious long-term failure.In relation to this,the environmental safety of the sewage disposal plants in the area of Příbram can be evaluated as very good.
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