|
|
Treatment of eating disorders through neurostimulation methods
Baumann, Silvie ; Papežová, Hana (advisor) ; Ustohal, Libor (referee) ; Stárková, Libuše (referee)
Background: Eating disorders are psychiatric illnesses whose treatment is difficult and usually the classic procedures fail. Recently, the number of researches in neuromodulatory methods has increased. I present an overview of basic stimulation methods, their use in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa and binge-eating and the results of our study focused on the treatment of AN by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Methods: It was a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial. Forty-three inpatients with AN were divided to receive either active (n=22) or sham (n=21) tDCS over the left DLPFC (anode F3/cathode Fp2, 2mA for 30 minutes). All patients filled the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Zung depression scale (ZUNG), we measured them the thermal pain threshold, the objective dissatisfaction with their own body by Anamorfic program and evaluated BMI before the first and after the last tDCS. Follow-up was after 2 and 4 weeks. It was evaluated using ANOVA and OPLS model. Results: Compared to sham tDCS, active tDCS improved self-evaluation based on one's body shape (p < 0,05) and significantly decreased the need of excessive control over calorie intake (p < 0,05) in 4-week follow-up (questions 4 and 23 in EDE-Q). Question 21 in EDE-Q was more...
|
|
|
Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on cognitive functions
Kubinová, Markéta ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Kulišťák, Petr (referee)
(in English): Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a very effective treatment procedure for patients with severe and treatment resistant psychiatric disorders. This Thesis deals with the impact of electroconvulsive therapy on cognitive function, specified as a measurement of cognitive function after electroconvulsive therapy, focusing on the monitoring of cognitive function, eventually their deficits with the passage of time after ECT. At several time points (T1 week after ECT completion; T2: 6-8 weeks after ECT completion) from ECT completion the progression of cognitive performance of patients was repeatedly measured. Respondents were divided according to their diagnosis (mood disorders groop and schizophrenia group). The groups were compared with each other. The aim of the Thesis is the observance of the cognitive changes in patients over time after electroconvulsive therapy. In the final stage 18 subjects were submissed into the study (10 women and 8 men). In terms of diagnosis 39% were diagnosed with the disease in the ICD category F20-F29; 33% were diagnosed with mood disorders (category ICD: F30-F39) and 28% were diagnosed with F06.3 organic affective disorder. The MCCB (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) was chosen as a method for data scan, it has very good psychometric properties also...
|
|
|
Tasks of nurses in patient with electroconvulsive therapy
KŘENKOVÁ, Hana
The aim of this thesis is to summarise the current state of communication between health staff and patients with Alzheimer's disease and find out which problems appear in this communication. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part summarises what is known about Alzheimer's disease - etiology, stages of disease, symptoms, diagnostic and therapy. It also describes the 2 basis types of communication verbal and non-verbal, and of course about importance and purpose of communication. Last but not least, it deals with correct communication with patients with Alzheimer's disease. The practical part is consisted of a description of research method and research group, analysis of results and final discussion. We asked 6 research questions to achieve the aims, which was answered by using qualitative research through semi-structured interviews. It was find out that nurses adhere to principles of communication with patient with Alzheimer's disease and they do use elements of different therapeutic approaches. Unfortunately, they have some reserves in communication with families of patients and in cooperation with support organizations. The biggest communication barriers are disorientation, anxiety and aggressive behaviour towards nurses. They also must deal with their feelings of exhaustion and moodiness most of them consider communication to be psychically demanding. With this bachelor thesis was created a manual that contains basic principles of communication with person with Alzheimer's disease. The manual is intended for health staff and families of patients and it also contains a list of support organizations.
|
|
|
Public Opinion on Methods of Treatment Used at Psychiatric Wards
FILLEROVÁ, Markéta
The thesis deals with up-to-date subject of medical treatment of mental disorders. The work is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part involves explanation of terms such as mental health, mental disorder and also includes classification of mental disorders. There are chapters devoted to mental illness as a social problem, to stigmatization and to the legal issue of people affected with mental illness in the thesis. History of psychiatric treatment and its development are briefly mentioned here and also some important methods used to treat the mentally ill at present. The empirical part is devoted to a quantitative research by means of a questionnaire inquiry. The main objective of the survey was to find out, what is the public opinion on methods of medical treatment applied at psychiatric wards. In this part the obtained data are analyzed and the hypotheses are checked. Evaluation of most of the questions is demonstrated graphically. The conclusion of the thesis involves my opinion on this issue and summary of the research results.
|
guest ::
