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Comparison of selected traits at conspecific plants in disturbed and stressed environments localized within industrial waste deposits and their surroundings in landscape
Glier, Adam ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor) ; Štefánek, Michal (referee)
This study is oriented on the assessment of selected traits at conspecific plant which spontaneously colonize interior space within abandoned industrial area and/or deposits, and those ones occurred in adjacent vicinity. The work continues in previous studies concentrated on abandoned mine tailing containments where some important outputs consist of differences in plant adaptive strategies, growth rate, phenology, body size, ways of dispersal, ecophysiological or genetic parameters (Bryndová et Kovář 2004, Mrázek 2004, Zákravský et al. 2004, Jarolímová 2004, Kovář et al. 2004, Jiráčková et Dostál 2004, Kovář et Herben 2004, Dostál et Kovář 2013, Štefánek 2015, Urbanová et al. 2017). A part of the study includes the significance of small and large genomes at both types of habitats within defined phylogenetic framework. In other words - testing of the hypothesis: There is functional significance of small versus large genomes of plant species by comparing their occurrence in unreclaimed toxic deposits (landscape islands) with their populations from neighbouring habitats (large scale level). Key words unreclaimed industrial deposits in landscape, abandoned mine tailings, genome size, flow cytometry, conspecific taxons, plant traits, colonization, succession, disturbance, stress, restoration ecology,...
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Development of dry grassland communities during recultivation of limestone quarries
Turek, Pavel ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Kladivová, Anna (referee)
My bachelor thesis is about methods of reclamation and rejuvenation of limestone limestone quarry, that are a very interesting location from an ecological point of view. I briefly pointed out the positives and negatives of individual used methods, such as reclamation, that aims to restore the vegetation cover quickly, but is very expensive and species that appear on the reclaimed locations aren't nearly as rare, as those on locations that are left to natural succession. Natural succession has the best results if the location is in close vicinity to a source of seeds. Reclaimed areas show a significantly lower biodiversity and hinder protection of rare and key species as opposed to natural succession. To avoid this, in some cases we can use smaller interventions instead of reclamation, and these interventions should be done as delicately as possible with the principles of natural succession in mind. I've noted important factors such as the microclimate, the soil conditions and the source of seeds, that can affect the succession and the legislation and waste law, that influence to a certain degree how the rejuvenation of disrupted sites proceeds.
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Case Study reclamation of the quarry Silvestr in the Sokolov, or the path from the quarry to golf
Barteková, Petra ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Říha, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of public participation in deciding activities of reclamation. I chose former quarry Silvester near Dolni Rychnov as my research area. This area was transformed into eighteen-holes golf grounds and wood grounds with sport and relax stuff during reclamation work. This thesis consist of theoretical, methodological and empirical section. Theoretical section introduce basic concept of recultivation, law regulating recultivation, conservation, restoration ecology as scientic field and last but not least Sokolov region as region with long tradition of recultivation. The Methodological part describes methods of practical research, which is essential part of this thesis. The Empirical section introduce results of my research. Key words: reclamation, opencast coal-mining, restauration ekology, nature conservation, reclamation project, expert interview, questionnaire
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The influence of mining activities on the landscape surrounding the town Příbram
Fišerová, Šárka ; Bartoš, Michael (advisor) ; Řehounková, Klára (referee)
This diploma thesis attends to the landscape character, the methodics of the evaluation of landscape character and the influence of mining on the landscape character. Příbram, influenced by uranium mining during last century, was chosen as a model area. The aim of this thesis is a comparison of chosen methodics of the evaluation of landscape character in the term of mining district and a creation of new methodics specialized for model area. The thesis focus on the landscape character and restoration ecology in mining areas in theoretical part. There is a description of landscape character protection and preservation, also in terms of law, reclamations and uranium mining. Below, the four chosen methodics are mentioned. In practical part, the diploma thesis characterizes the model area, its history and also current situation including reclamation made. Then there are a comparison of chosen methodics of landscape character evaluation according to elected criteria and a project of methodics for to a evaluation of chosen area. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Various methods of soil transfer and inoculation in restoration ecology
Hurychová, Hana ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Roubíčková, Alena (referee)
Soil translocation is a method used in restoration ecology to either salvage habitats threatened by human activity or to restore disturbed habitats. There are various factors affecting the success rate of translocation operations which include the proper selection of a receptor site, method of soil manipulation, soil stockpiling and adequate aftercare. Different methods of soil stripping distinct in their success rates and application for use in habitat restoration, mainly in regards to their effect on the resultant community composition and financial costs. Translocations can result in decrease of biodiversity, but may be a viable option for locations of high conservation value where conservation in situ is not possible, allowing for quick restoration of mature ecosystems. Thorough surveys prior to and after the operation and sufficient allocation of resources are a key factor for successful translocation of soils and the associated biota. Additional research in the fields of invasions, comparison of methods and data analysis of translocation projects may improve the utilization of this technique in the future.
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Diversity of traits of aculeatan hymonopterans in habitats with finely-grained substrate
Wofková, Gabriela ; Tropek, Robert (advisor) ; Šlancarová, Jana (referee)
Natural habitats of aculeate hymenopterans are rapidly decreasing and strictly specialized species are thus going to be endangered or extinct. However, in the last decades the conservation potential of postindustrial sites has been found. There were many endangered and nationally extinct species recorded along with the drift sand specialists. However, one unclear thing remains - on postindustrial sites there were still no recordings of species that have similar biological traits to the species that are colonizing these sites. The main target of my thesis was to find traits which make it possible for the insects to colonize postindustrial sites. A matrix of 79 traits was made to describe aculeate hymenopterans biotope preferences, phenology, morphology, biogeographical area, nest, food and life history strategies. With these traits I describe 351 species systematically collected on twenty-one localities with finely - grained substrate found in Polabi and South Bohemia. These traits were tested with weighted mean abundances on type of substrate (artificial vs. sandy) with GEE analysis and the type of locality (dumping ground of coal combustion, ore and sand sludge vs. sandpits vs. natural sand) with PCoA analysis. A phylogenetic correction was incorporated in both analyzes. My results show that on...
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More effective approaches of brown coal post-mining restoration
Christov, Ivan ; Hendrychová, Markéta (advisor) ; Walmsley, Alena (referee)
The thesis is focused on evaluation of landscape restoration procedures. The land was heavily devastated by large-scale quarrying. Here are compared reclamation procedures used in the Czech Republic and abroad. Study area is the North Bohemian brown coal basin, which formed areas valuable for many endangered species of flora and fauna after the mining has ended. Surface coal mining method causes the extinction of villages, roads, railways, land and greenery. Our task now is to minimalize these effects as much as possible. To create a new landscape, with an emphasis on the environment. Reclamation helps us to do that.
Monitored location is Střimická dump, where the representation of non-productive habitat was evaluated and there was proposed new, more efficient version of reclamation. Mapping has found that the current state of the dump is 5,2 % representation of non-productive habitat. The proposed variant represents the addition of new elements and thus increase the proportion to 23,5 %, which corresponds with the current trend of post-mining landscape recovery.
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