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Landscape changes due to suburbanization - an example of south-eastern outskirts of Prague
Paločková, Anežka ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
The study deals with the evaluation of landscape changes and ecosystem functions in the case study situated in the hintreland of Prague with the emphasis on the process of suburbanization. It analyzes the amounts, the range and the types of the changes of landscape due to suburbanization process and their effects on landscape structure and function. Landscape changes are evaluated using remote sensing and software ArcGIS, function and services of ecosystems are evaluated by modified Hessen method. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Use of model ecosystems near Chomutov in basic education
Řeháková, Tereza ; Havlová, Michaela (advisor) ; Drda Morávková, Alena (referee)
This paper focuses on the teaching of eco-tour by cyclo around Chomutov in basic education. The main objective of my DP is a cycling tour with a focus on the comparison of selected characteristics of ecosystems occurring in the area. As I chose the selected ecosystems - meadows and pastures, forests and water bodies. Selected location near Chomutov offers direct observation of these ecosystems provide a number of paths for nontraditional ways of teaching, using bicycle wheels. Developed materials include design incentive hours for after-school teaching materials in the field and the draft final hours. For after-school education in the field are handled by individual worksheets ecosystems - meadows and pastures, forests and water bodies. Besides these main worksheets, I created a set of other activities in the outdoors. They are practicing first aid package of games and competitions designed for environments and other attractions that can fill the time spent in nature. Next, I created a complete methodological guide for teachers, which are summarized in detail all the information for planning, progress and completion of the excursion. Excursions and its content complies with the current general education program for primary education in the country. Keywords: tour, cycling tours, ecosystems, Chomutov
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Commented translation: Petit atlas des especes menacées (Yves Sciama, Petite encyclopédie Larousse, Paris 2003, str. 96-119)
Sýkorová, Eliška ; Belisová, Šárka (advisor) ; Šotolová, Jovanka (referee)
This translation bachelor thesis consists of a practical and a theoretical part. The practical part is the translation of a chosen chapter from the book Petit Atlas des Espces Menacées, written by a French biologist and publicist Yves Sciama. The theoretical one is a commentary on the translation which engages in analysis of the original text - it studies the character of the author, the intended reader, the edition in which the book was released, etc. Next the commentary describes the typology of translational problems on the lexical, syntactic, stylistic, grammatical, and text level. It is followed by a discussion over the method of translation and characteristics of the used translational techniques (transposition, modulation, concentration) supported by concrete examples. It is concluded by a description of graphical design of the text.
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The Calculation Of The Amount Of Material Injury Caused By The Forests In The Areas Of Implementation Of Water Management Structures
Bureš, Petr ; Čermák, Jan (referee) ; Vala,, Vlastimil (referee) ; Alexandr, Pavel (advisor)
Problem situations in damage to forests as a result of construction activities is the total of its quantification, because of not only to damage to the forest and the land intended for the performance of the function of the forest, but also to damage to the water feature of the forest. The emergence of the crop damage and forest grounds occurs at the same time damage to the management. Broken water conditions on the forest grounds, inter alia, that the environmental damage (or one of its components), are also material injury for the owner of the forest, because it directly affect the amount of the additional costs linked to its management in the forest. The existing decree MZe ČR no. 55/1999 Coll. on the method of calculating the amount of loss or damage caused to forests assesses only the injury or damage to the forest and the land intended for the performance of the functions of the forest, but does the forest and its other non-production function as a forest ecosystem. The damage (the material injury) on the water feature of the forest is not the above mentioned decree dealt with. Initially formulated the problem lies in finding the right way of solving how to objectively quantify the financial damage to the forest, inc. damage to the water feature of the forest and thus closer to the actual damage to the exaktnosti forest, resulting in direct connection with the location and the realisation of the buildings.
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STANDARDISATION AND HARMONISATION OF EXPERT VALUATION METHODOLOGY FOR THE NEEDS OF FORENSIC ECOTECHNIQUE: FOREST AND TREES
Holušová, Kateřina ; Podrázský, Vilém (referee) ; Simon,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Alexandr, Pavel (advisor)
In the presented thesis is an overview of the current state solved the problem, specifying the inclusion of Forensic Ecotechnique: forest and trees into the forensic sciences in the world and its description as part of special methods of forensic engineering. The results focus on the design of standardized and harmonized processes according to the type of expert opinions. As another of the key results of the work are designed functional biometric parameters for evaluating trees in the functional diagnosis of Methods of contact flora assessment (“CFA”). Application of some methods of measurement and selected functional biometric parameters are listed in the examples in the measurement of selected forest stands of beech in the National Nature Reserve Voděradské bučiny and in Chřiby hills. As a general supplement usable in Forensic ecotechnique: forest and trees are given the limits for functional diagnostics. In another series of work includes a discussion on the proposed standards and the measurement results. The work is concluded by summarizing the results and the benefits.
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Flux footprints in different ecosystems
Macálková, Lenka ; Havránková, Kateřina ; Pavelka, Marian
Flux footprint is an upwind area where the atmospheric flux measured by an instrument is generated. Footprint size depends on measurement height, surface roughness, and atmospheric thermal stability. Our study focused on the flux footprints of four CzechGlobe ecosystem stations in a wetlands area, an agroecosystem, and young and mature spruce forests. Our aims were to prove that the sites were suitable for eddy covariance measurement and compare flux footprints under various atmospheric thermal conditions: stable, neutral, and unstable. Two computational models were used: the Kormann–Meixner (2001) and Kljun (2004)models. The outputs were processed graphically in site maps.
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Spatial heterogeneity of soil CO2 efflux in four different ecosystems
Dařenová, Eva
Manual measurements of soil CO2 effl ux on a larger number of positions can give precise estimation of CO2 effl ux from the investigated area and together with temporal dynamics, observed in continuous measurements, can provide a good view on the ecosystem carbon balance. In this study we investigated the spatial heterogeneity of soil CO2 effl ux in four diff erent ecosystems (spruce forest, beech forest, wetland, grassland). Soil CO2 was measured on a net of 25–65 positions using a manual measurement system. We tried to fi nd responsible factors for the heterogeneity and to determine a measurement protocol for the most precise estimation of soil CO2 effl ux. Th e highest respiration activity was observed in the spruce forest, the lowest in the wetland ecosystem, where it was caused by a high water table. In the wetland ecosystem, there was the highest spatial heterogeneity of respiration activity, which reached almost 60 %. Th is high heterogeneity was caused by the gradient of the water table depth. Contrary to this, the lowest heterogeneity was found in the grassland where it was only about 15 %. In the spruce and beech forest the heterogeneity ranged between 35 and 45 %. As infl uencing factors we investigated e.g. soil moisture, tree distance and amount of the above ground biomass.
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