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Exploration of extraterrestrial body impact and UV-driven transformation of atmospheres of terrestrial planets
Knížek, Antonín ; Ferus, Martin (advisor) ; Kabáth, Petr (referee) ; Kopecký, Vladimír (referee)
Keywords: Exoplanets, Earth, Impact, Photochemistry, Infrared Spectroscopy, Atmospheric chemistry Impacts and photochemistry are two very important driving forces for chemical transformation of planetary atmospheres. While strong UV radiation produced by young stars continuously provides a significant amount of energy, impacts are one-time events with far-reaching consequences. Especially important are then impacts on young rocky planets, including the early Earth, because these planets are likely exposed to much higher impact fluxes, commonly called 'heavy bombardment'. This bombardment is the final echo of the turbulent planetary accretion and has prominent significance for planetary environments, e.g., the chemical composition and shape of the planetary surface, the chemistry of atmospheres, aerosol production, and likely the origin of life. Future observations of exoplanets by space telescopes, such as the James Webb Space Telescope or Ariel, as well as ground-based telescopes, such as the Extremely Large Telescope currently under construction in Chile, could determine whether this heavy bombardment represents a common scenario for the evolution of terrestrial planets. Both impacts and photochemistry can be efficiently simulated and studied in laboratory conditions by state-of-the-art methods....
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Calculation of orbit for Solar research satellite
Stopka, Jiří ; Daněk, Vladimír (referee) ; Bartoněk, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to propose a suitable methodology for finding orbits around the Earth in which it will be possible to create conditions for a total solar eclipse. The methodology for orbit determination is designed and implemented through a Pascal scripting language, which is included in this work. The resulting orbits obtained using the proposed methodology are mutually evaluated. The thesis also includes a discussion on the scope of applicability of this methodology.
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Between Production and Recreation
Madro, Oskar ; Chuchlíková, Ida (referee) ; Hora, Jan (advisor)
The diploma thesis "In the Shadow", based on the pre-diploma thesis "After the Work", explores the territory of Brno's Kraví Hora. Then, on its basis, asks questions about the current form of the architect and urban planner profession, and the challenges that these professions are supposed to address. The thesis searches for the qualities of the territory in question in the shadows of our professions' interests, in areas outside the productive logic of things. In an attempt to find a way out of the tight spot in which we as architects and urban planners find ourselves today. As between two millstones, we are constricted by mutually contradictory systems - capitalism, on which we depend, and climate change, whose fatality and elusiveness subvert any sense of our work. Careful documentation of the territory seeks out moments that we might normally overlook or sweep off the table in the interests of the greater good, and places them at the centre. The periphery becomes the centre, the periphery shapes the centre. The result is an acceptance and appreciation of the existing reality of Kraví hora. On its basis, the thesis proposes both a set of small, quick interventions that will yield the potential for creating a green skeleton for the area, and then a scenario of transformation for the central part of the area, where the shadowy qualities of urban wilderness and the potential for new meanings collide. How to bring new activities to Kraví hora without destroying the urban wilderness?
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Economic and social limits of the use of earth in architecture. Role of education.
Neumayerová, Eva ; Novotný, Martin (referee) ; Pifko,, Henrich (referee) ; Žabičková, Ivana (advisor)
Earth as a building material was known for centuries and widely used in traditional construction. But during the social and economic development, it was gradually replaced by industrially produced materials with more stable mechanical properties. In many countries, the tradition of using earth in buildings had practically disappeared for a long time. In recent decades, the awareness of earth as a building material has increased, especially due to the growing interest of society in healthy living and the quality of the living environment. Despite its many advantages, earth is still not a commonly used building material. What is the position of earth in current construction and does earth have the potential for the future to be more than an alternative and experimental material? What is limiting the development of the use of earth in constructions? This work examines the limits of the use of earth in architecture in the social, economic and cultural context. It analyzes various approaches and ways of using earth in architecture, determines the level of public awareness and the availability of vocational education and examines the situation of the construction market and legislative restrictions in the implementation process. Based on the findings of the survey, this work defines important conditions and possible ways of further development of the use of earth in construction. The content of this thesis is to contribute to the current topic of the development of architecture using traditional materials and materials from renewable resources.
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Realistic Rendering of Atmospheric Phenomena
Sabela, Ondřej ; Karas, Matej (referee) ; Vlnas, Michal (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to develop a GPU accelerated computer program which is able to simulate light scattering in the Earth's atmosphere and clouds using the simplest possible combination of various realistic rendering techniques. A detailed explanation of the physical and phenomenological background of the basic characteristics of both solid and translucent materials is included. Physically based rendering methods which are able to simulate such phenomena are presented along with several optimizations, including precomputation and lookup tables, with a focus on functional fidelity to real-world principles. The presented solution is based on data from real-world microphysical measurements. The resulting outdoor scene images can be used as background environment maps in 3D modelling and design software. The open source code can also serve as a starting point for describing the implementation of the presented rendering techniques.
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The power of solar radiation falling on a photovoltaic module
Kaliyev, Alexey ; Jandová, Kristýna (referee) ; Křivík, Petr (advisor)
The work is focused on the problem of the solar radiation power impacting on a photovoltaic module. In the theoretical part, the possibilities of using solar energy in renewable energy sources, especially in photovoltaic panels and solar collectors, were discussed and presented. Then the materials on the use of solar energy in these sources were reviewed. In addition, the three main components of incident solar radiation on a photovoltaic module or solar collector were described. Finally, the method for calculating the position of the sun across the sky was discussed and presented, as well as the method for calculating the various components of incident solar radiation on a photovoltaic module.
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The Essence of earthen Architecture in the Czech Republic
Bažík, Lenka ; Pifko,, Henrich (referee) ; Novotný,, Martin (referee) ; Žabičková, Ivana (advisor)
For ten thousand years people have used earthen building material in their homes and in just the last hundred years advanced society has gradually turned away from it due to the development of modern technology. Earth is currently of little use as a building material, but it is gradually increasing with the importance of sustainability. Earth has its place in contemporary modern architecture and this is what this work tries to point out. The research is based on the assumption that each building material gravitates with its properties, composition and also the knowledge of the builder to create a certain space. Different building materials define different spaces, different construction uses and different details. This research defined the network of knowledge with the central themes of the essence of earthen architecture by the method of grounded theory and subsequently applied the theory in the design of a model case. The proposed small structure represents an ideal rendering of the space from a single material on the basis of acquired and known information about this material. It has massive earthen walls, which man created himself and it provides him the shelter. The shelter rises smoothly from the ground, its main source, it has soft round features, which were created by the touch of human hands, and when it expires, it naturally merges with the ground again.
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Predictive software for Earth collision with Near Eartch Objects
Stopka, Jiří ; Daněk, Vladimír (referee) ; Bartoněk, Jaroslav (advisor)
Aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to research and discuss the basics of orbital mechanics and their application on a real problem. The application of orbital mechanics is made by creating a software for predicting Earth’s collision with Near-Earth Objects in Borland Delphi 7 development enviroment. The created software should be able to predict close approaches of Earth and Near-Earth Objects in a time scale selected by user and issue a warning in case of a dangerous close approach.
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Possibility to use technology of rammed earth for building a family house
Zadražil, Lukáš ; Přikryl, Michal (referee) ; Žižková, Nikol (advisor)
This Diploma thesis deals with possibilities of utilizing earth as a building material for con-struction of detached houses using the rammed earth technology. Research in domestic and foreign literature led to description of the historical development of building from earth, overview of historical technologies and historical development of the technology of rammed earth. Subsequently, the thesis deals with nowadays very relevant problematics of sustainable construction, which is closely related to the use of natural materials, such as earth. Furthermore, the thesis describes the technology of rammed earth with examples of already realized buildings, both in the Czech Republic and other countries. The last part of the research describes selected methods of testing the physical-mechanical properties of rammed earth used abroad. The first section of experimental part deals with the design of earth mixtures for three specific sites (Dolany, Valchov and Dolní Těrlicko), using a computer model in Excel. The rest of experimental part contains the design of methodology for the production of test specimens for the pressure testing, and selected tests are performed for better knowledge of the physical-mechanical properties of the designed earth mixtures. The last part of the thesis discusses the problematics of legislative process of permitting rammed earth buildings and practical construction recommendations.
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