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Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights in Latin America
Černota, Nela ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights in Latin America Indigenous peoples' cultures are known for their collective, spiritual, intergenerational relationship to their ancestral lands. Indigenous peoples not only depend on their territories with their subsistence but also with the preservation of their distinct cultures. Lands are, however, a significant factor in the vast human rights violations to which they subject. They are often faced with the dispossession of their traditional lands and the disruption of the ecological integrity of their territories. This also affects their traditional way of life and leads to the loss of their cultures. From the 1980s, indigenous peoples have started reclaiming their rights, which has also been reflected in their position under international law. In 1989, the International Labour Organisation Convention No. 169, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention was adopted. This Convention anchored significantly higher standards of protection of indigenous peoples' rights to their lands. Above all, it abandoned the patriarchal approach of the International Labour Organisation's Convention No. 107, the Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention. Convention No. 169, moreover, addresses indigenous peoples as 'peoples' rather than 'populations', as was the case in its...
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Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights in Latin America
Černota, Nela ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Tymofeyeva, Alla (referee)
Indigenous Peoples' Land Rights in Latin America Indigenous peoples' cultures are known for their collective, spiritual, intergenerational relationship to their ancestral lands. Indigenous peoples not only depend on their territories with their subsistence but also with the preservation of their distinct cultures. Lands are, however, a significant factor in the vast human rights violations to which they subject. They are often faced with the dispossession of their traditional lands and the disruption of the ecological integrity of their territories. This also affects their traditional way of life and leads to the loss of their cultures. From the 1980s, indigenous peoples have started reclaiming their rights, which has also been reflected in their position under international law. In 1989, the International Labour Organisation Convention No. 169, the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention was adopted. This Convention anchored significantly higher standards of protection of indigenous peoples' rights to their lands. Above all, it abandoned the patriarchal approach of the International Labour Organisation's Convention No. 107, the Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention. Convention No. 169, moreover, addresses indigenous peoples as 'peoples' rather than 'populations', as was the case in its...
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The Legal Status of Minorities in Russia
Ullmannová, Nicola ; Petráš, René (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
1 Abstract Thesis title: The legal status of minorities in Russia This work is an overview of the legal status of minorities in Russia and their mutual interaction with the dominant nation in individual historical stages. Its subject is to explore changes in the status of minorities in political, cultural, linguistic, religious and fundamental human rights. This is put in the historical context and the influence of the state's minority policy on state integrity is examined, including the assessment of the adequacy of the state-legal arrangement for the needs of national minorities. The space is also devoted to the administrative division of the country, which plays an important role in Russian terms. The pros and cons of period legislation are evaluated. Its impact on the practical life of minorities is illustrated by examples of specific minorities. The work is structured chronologically, presenting the history of Russia primarily in terms of milestones relevant to national minorities. The first part devoted to the Russian Empire monitors its gradual expansion and differences in the legal status of the conquered nations. Approximately from the middle of the 19th century, the Russian legislation has been directed towards unification, resp. Rusification of the whole empire, while the causes and effects of...
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Environmental rights of indigenous peoples
Vančurová, Marta ; Franková, Martina (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of the specific instruments of international law applicable to the protection of the environment of indigenous peoples. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter describes the specific relationship which binds indigenous people to their traditional territories and natural resources and the most important threats to these territories and resources. The second chapter focuses on the development of the relationship between the international community and indigenous peoples and analyses the term indigenous peoples. Furthermore, this chapter contains an overview of the international and regional sources of law relevant to the protection of the environment of indigenous peoples. The third chapter draws attention to the international and regional mechanisms of protection of indigenous rights. The fourth chapter contains an analysis of particular environmental rights and systemizes them into collective, minority, individual and procedural rights.
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Environmental Rights of Indigenous Peoples
Vančurová, Marta ; Žákovská, Karolina (advisor) ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of the specific instruments of international law applicable to the protection of the environment of indigenous peoples. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter describes the specific relationship which binds indigenous people to their traditional territories and natural resources and the most important threats to these territories and resources. The second chapter focuses on the development of the relationship between the international community and indigenous peoples and analyses the term indigenous peoples. Furthermore, this chapter contains an overview of the international and regional sources of law relevant to the protection of the environment of indigenous peoples. The third chapter draws attention to the international and regional mechanisms of protection of indigenous rights. The fourth chapter contains an analysis of particular environmental rights and systemizes them into collective, minority, individual and procedural rights.
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Leisure activities at selected nations of native America
VRATISLAVSKÁ, Aneta
The thesis speaks about the way of enjoying free time with selected peoples of native America. My keys issues were identifications of the theories regarding free time ativities in practice, e.g. games, competitions and sports with selected peoples of native America and if the Indians differ game categories and what are the principles of the games. First chapter deals with the theory of free time, particularly with the characteristics of free time, with the functions of free time, with the aspects influencing experience of free time and free time industry. Second chapter focuses on specific Indian games, competitions and sport. Third chapter deals with contemporary life of native nations and how they enjoy their free time. In conclusion, I compare enjoying the free time of the Indians and Europeans in the sphere of games, competitions and sport. Here I also ma-naged to answer all asked questions and I came to the recognition that the free time theory is possible to apply to Indian games, competitons and sport, that it is possible to divide the Indian games into several categories and that their main principle is spirituali-ty and religious background.
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