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Strain-Stress analysis of pig femur
Legerský, Radek ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the strain-stress analyses of the pig femoral bone in physiological and pathological condition. Pathological condition is determined by a significant defect in diaphysis of the bone fixed by using direct angular stable locking plate with screws. The thesis describes the creation of computational models with special focus on bone tissues models of material, which are based on analysis of digital images from computed tomography (CT). There are created and analyzed three types of computational models: the first one corresponds to physiological condition of femur, the second one to femur with significant defect and fixation plate and the third one to femur with significant defect, fixation plate and rod. Every model is loaded in three ways: the first of them simulating the experimental conditions of pressure testing of the femur, the second one bone stress in the sagittal plane and the third one stress by using load determined from probational release of the pig hind limb. Strain-stress states are determined by finite element method using Ansys computational system. Gained results of stress and strain are compared with experimental measurements. The thesis presents a basic idea of the mechanical behavior of porcine femur and porcine femur with significant bone defect.
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Stress-Strain Analysis of Plate for Fixing a Tibial Fracture Type I per Schatzer's Classification
Filková, Alena ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
Fractures of the proximal tibia are the most severe intra-articular fractures with subsequent frequent complications. In most cases, the fracture is treated with an inner plate or screws. This diploma thesis focuses on the stress-strain analysis of the plate fixed in the tibia using bone screws. Computational modeling using the finite element method was used to assess the mechanical interaction between the individual elements of this system. For this purpose, it was necessary to conduct a research study dealing with issues involving bone tissue, their damage and subsequent treatment of fractures. Stress-strain analysis was performed for two variants of fixation of this fracture: fixation with an angularly stable plate with screws and fixation with compression lag screws. Furthermore, these analyses were supplemented by their modifications, which represented different levels of these two variants of the computational model. Screws for fixing the plate in the bone tissue were considered both threaded and unthreaded. The interface between the screws and the bone tissue was solved using the Bonded contact and also the Frictionless contact. The influence of these modifications of the computational model on the resulting deformation and stress characteristics was assessed in the evaluation of the results. The mechanical interaction between the elements of this system was assessed in all performed variants.
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Stress-Strain Analysis of Plate for Fixing a Tibial Fracture Type I per Schatzer's Classification
Filková, Alena ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
Fractures of the proximal tibia are the most severe intra-articular fractures with subsequent frequent complications. In most cases, the fracture is treated with an inner plate or screws. This diploma thesis focuses on the stress-strain analysis of the plate fixed in the tibia using bone screws. Computational modeling using the finite element method was used to assess the mechanical interaction between the individual elements of this system. For this purpose, it was necessary to conduct a research study dealing with issues involving bone tissue, their damage and subsequent treatment of fractures. Stress-strain analysis was performed for two variants of fixation of this fracture: fixation with an angularly stable plate with screws and fixation with compression lag screws. Furthermore, these analyses were supplemented by their modifications, which represented different levels of these two variants of the computational model. Screws for fixing the plate in the bone tissue were considered both threaded and unthreaded. The interface between the screws and the bone tissue was solved using the Bonded contact and also the Frictionless contact. The influence of these modifications of the computational model on the resulting deformation and stress characteristics was assessed in the evaluation of the results. The mechanical interaction between the elements of this system was assessed in all performed variants.
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Positioning and application of orthoses in patients after acute brain damage
Barborková, Marie ; Dlouhá Maršálková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
OF THE BACHELOR'S THESIS Author: Marie Barborková Supervisor: MUDr. Alexandra Dlouhá Maršálková Opponent: Title of bachelor's thesis: Positioning and application of orthoses in patients after acute brain damage. Abstract: The thesis is dealing with positioning and application of orthoses to patients after a brain damage, especially to those recovering from a stroke. The first part of the thesis is theoretical and is based on literature research and supported by foreign case studies. The general information about stroke and motor neurone syndrome is defined there together with information on positioning of a hemiparetic patient after a stroke and applying orthoses to prevent contractures, their treatment and effect on spasticity. The practical part of the thesis includes a study case of a patient who used the splint at night to hold the ankle in a neutral position. Using the theoretical information the practical part observes the effect of using the splint on spasticity and passive range of motion of the foot in dorsiflexion. The aim of the theoretical part is to review the knowledge about positioning and use of orthoses and splints for patients after a stroke, mainly oriented on prevention of contractures. The goal of the practical part is to compare the theoretical knowledge and gained information...
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Strain-Stress analysis of pig femur
Legerský, Radek ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the strain-stress analyses of the pig femoral bone in physiological and pathological condition. Pathological condition is determined by a significant defect in diaphysis of the bone fixed by using direct angular stable locking plate with screws. The thesis describes the creation of computational models with special focus on bone tissues models of material, which are based on analysis of digital images from computed tomography (CT). There are created and analyzed three types of computational models: the first one corresponds to physiological condition of femur, the second one to femur with significant defect and fixation plate and the third one to femur with significant defect, fixation plate and rod. Every model is loaded in three ways: the first of them simulating the experimental conditions of pressure testing of the femur, the second one bone stress in the sagittal plane and the third one stress by using load determined from probational release of the pig hind limb. Strain-stress states are determined by finite element method using Ansys computational system. Gained results of stress and strain are compared with experimental measurements. The thesis presents a basic idea of the mechanical behavior of porcine femur and porcine femur with significant bone defect.
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