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Theory and applications of DoE (design of experiments) in pharmaceutical technology
Maruška, Julie ; Duintjer Tebbens, Erik Jurjen (advisor) ; Svozil, Daniel (referee) ; Muselík, Jan (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Mgr. Julie Maruška Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dipl.-Math. Erik Jurjen Duintjer Tebbens, Ph.D. Consultant: Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Title of dissertation: Theory and applications of DoE (design of experiments) in pharmaceutical technology The conventional process for developing new medicines involves selecting combinations of various types of factors that impact numerous properties of the final dosage form. This scenario is well-suited for using methods from the statistical field of design of experiments (DoE). Currently, the latest publications on pharmaceutical technology related to the development of new dosage forms are increasingly beginning to incorporate experimental design techniques, which are the subject of study in this work. This interdisciplinary dissertation thesis is an annotated summary of the publication and research activities of the author and aims to explore the DoE approaches focusing on their practical applications within the realm of pharmaceutical technology; to apply the selected techniques in actual processes of pharmaceutical technology; and to present a review of the most useful...
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Methods for Determination of Characteristic Parameters of Combustion Processes on the Basis of Experiments and Modeling
Bělohradský, Petr ; Klemeš,, Jiří (referee) ; Žitný, Rudolf (referee) ; Stehlík, Petr (advisor)
The present thesis is concerned with methods for determination and modeling of characteristic parameters of combustion of gaseous fuels. The focus is stressed on formation of nitrogen oxides and heat transfer from hot flue gases into combustion chamber’s walls. Experimental work, which is focused on testing of two burners with suppressed formation of nitrogen oxides, is an important part of the thesis. Its aim is to obtain data that is necessary for further processing and modeling. The work presents two methods that may be used in modeling of characteristic combustion parameters, namely the method based on statistical processing of data and the method based on computational fluid dynamics. The approaches are applied to two devices (burner with two-staged fuel supply, burner with two-staged air supply) with the objective to analyze their parameters. First approach covers detailed planning of burner test prior to its own carrying out (definition of the goal of experiment, choice of input factors and response, experimental plan) and subsequent statistical processing of experimental data. On the contrary, CFD approach offers simulations as an alternative option to traditional experimental methods. The simulation of combustion includes building of computational grid, setup of boundary conditions, turbulence model, heat transfer model and chemical kinetics. Results of simulations are compared with experimental measured data.
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Experimental measurement in the area of industrial drying of textile
Gutovský, Jan ; Touš, Michal (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
The main aim of this thesis is to provide and explore main factors that affect a drying process. The first part contains brief description of the drying process and focuses on a convectional industrial drying process. The following section discusses the theory of an experiment planning followed by an experiment design of the compact tumble industrial dryer. The thesis also includes an exact description of the executed experiment, then outputs of the measurements and model characterizing the drying process of the tested dryer. The last part deals with the methodology and recommendations for the measurements in operating conditions.
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Effectiveness of DOE
Pfefferová, Alena ; Bednář, Josef (referee) ; Maroš, Bohumil (advisor)
Diplomová práce se zabývá plánováním a analýzou experimentu. Je zde zkoumán vliv počtu centrálních bodů v plánu experimentu na nalezení významných faktorů procesu. Pro určení tohoto vlivu je použita metoda Monte Carlo, pomocí které hledáme míru nalezení významných faktorů procesu. Simulace experimentu je vytvořena v programu MATLAB, kde se především využívá Statistics toolbox pro generování náhodných čísel. V závěru je zhodnoceno a graficky ukázáno, jak je určení významnosti faktoru procesu závislé na počtu uvažovaných faktorů experimentu a na počtu měření v centrálním bodě.
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Solder Joint Reliability and Wetting Characteristics Influence
Labaj, Radek ; Stejskal, Petr (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis deals with the methodology of testing the wetting characteristics for different material and process effects in the double-plated base material. Testing is performed by wetting balance method. There is designed procedure to calculate the angles on each side of the non-homogeneous material. The Design of Experiments method is used to interpret the results, by using this method are also interpreted electrical and mechanical properties of solder joints. The correlation with wetting characteristics is discussed.
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The influence of operating parameters and construction parameters of the low-NOx burner on characteristic parameters of combustion processes
Nykodým, Jiří ; Hudák, Igor (referee) ; Bělohradský, Petr (advisor)
The main aim of the work was the investigation of the effect of operational parameters of the combustion process (combustion air excess, primary fuel ratio) and burner constructional parameters (the pitch angle of secondary nozzles, tangential orientation of secondary nozzles towards the axis of the burner) on the formation of NOx and CO, flue gas temperature, the shape, dimensions and stability of the flame, in-flame temperatures in the horizontal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber and the amount of heat extracted from the hot combustion gases in the combustion chamber’s shell. Experimental activities were carried out in the laboratory of the Institute of Process and Environmental Engineering, which is focused on burners testing. The combustion tests were performed with the experimental low-NOx type burner, namely the two-gas-staged burner. Mathematical model developed based on the experimental data describes the dependency of NOx on the operating parameters of the combustion process and burner constructional parameters. The model shows that increasing air excess and increasing angle of tangential orientation of the secondary nozzles reduce the formation of NOx. The temperature peaks in the horizontal symmetry plane of the combustion chamber decreases with increasing combustion air excess. The thermal load to the combustion chamber’s wall along the length of the flame was evaluated for selected settings. It was validated that the thermal efficiency of is reduced when higher air excess is used.
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Optimization of the cooling of induction machines
Halfar, Ivo ; Dostál, Lukáš (referee) ; Janda, Marcel (advisor)
This master‘s thesis deals with problems of optimization of cooling in electrical machines. This work includes introduction to the theory of mathematical optimization and brief introduction to optimization problems. This thesis deals with using of program Ansys Workbench for the thermal analysis in electrical machines and optimization of their cooling. Thesis contains thermal analyse of specific asynchronous motor with the squirrel cage and optimization of its cooling.
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Winery wastewater treatment
Horňák, David ; Procházková, Michaela (referee) ; Touš, Michal (advisor)
Wastewater management is a current topic for wineries, as wastewater treatment accounts for a large part of operating costs. Currently, technologies based on biological processes are mostly used to treat wastewater from wineries. However, these have a number of drawbacks, such as higher investment and operating costs, a large footprint or the requirement for the necessary technical knowledge of the operators. This paper deals with the selection of an economically less demanding technology for the treatment of winery wastewater and the experimental assessment of its efficiency with respect to the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Photo-Fenton oxidation was selected based on a thorough literature search. The Box-Behnken design was used to design of the experiment. Based on the experiment, the optimum operating conditions were found to be temperature 25 °C, pH 3, Fe2+ ion amount 20,2 mg/l, H2O2/Fe2+ ratio 64 and reaction time 3 h. The achievable COD removal efficiency is 11,8 %, which is not consistent with the values reported in the literature. The main reason for the low efficiency could be the insufficient intensity of the UV radiation used. Further research could build on the optimal conditions found and address the shortcomings of this experiment.
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Design of experiments for quality optimization
Havlásek, Radim ; Kosina, Petr (referee) ; Novotný, Radovan (advisor)
This thesis is aimed to Design of Experiments methodology. Main purpose of this thesis is to create detailed materials for lessons of Design of Experiments in Quality Control courses. Thesis contains case studies which are applicable for education purposes. Design of Experiments has been applied for solder joints quality evaluation. Solder joints have been modeled in software ANSYS and finite element method has been applied for thermomechanical stress evaluation.
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Foaming of fermentation residues during a vacuum evaporation
Knob, Jan ; Brummer, Vladimír (referee) ; Vondra, Marek (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the processing of digestate, which is the remaining material after biogas production. It aims to experimentally prove how chosen operational parameters of antifoaming agents influence digestate foaming associated with the vacuum evaporating technology. Based on the research of available antifoamers and the issue of digestate foaming itself, it was observed how three selected antifoamers (i.e. rapeseed oil, silicone antifoamer Erbslöh Schaum-ex and oleic acid), together with the decrease in the pH factor of the evaporating digestate, influence the final foam production. For the purposes of the research, an apparatus simulating the vacuum evaporating process was set up in which the heated sample was brought to boil by gradual pressure decrease. The process of foaming was observed in a transparent cylinder of a testing culumn. The essential part of the experimental activity is represented by a planned experiment which by means of a DoE (Design of experiments) method proved rapeseed oil to be very efficient. In contrast, other antifoamers, as well as the influence of the pH factor decrease, manifested themselves as insignificant factors, while the oleic acid even supported the foaming. The supplementary measurements led to a more detailed research of the effects of rapeseed oil and to the construction of a mathematical model describing how the concentration of rapeseed oil undermines the amount of generated foam. The main contribution of the thesis is firstly the evidence that rapeseed oil plays an important part in the reduction process of digestate foaming and secondly the determination of minimum substance concentration leading to the foaming reduction of a particular sample which is considered efficient enough to enable functioning of a vacuum evaporator. The thesis has also experimentally demonstrated the influence of some polymer organic flocculants which have been proved to support the foaming.
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