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Lustration laws in Ukraine: Between post-communism and post-authoritarianism
Srb, Jáchym ; Šír, Jan (advisor) ; Svoboda, Karel (referee)
The master thesis examines the phenomenon of lustration laws in Ukraine as a legal measure of transitional justice. It maps the history of unsuccessful attempts to adopt lustration laws from the independence in 1991 until the Euromaidan revolution in winter 2014. It then analyses the two lustration laws adopted in 2014 and their implementation between years 2014 and 2017. Finally it analyses the legal review that the laws have faced or are likely to face in the future. It comes to a conclusion that Ukrainian laws were not adopted after the independence in 1991 because of structural reasons and after the Orange Revolution in 2004 due to a lack of political will. In the second part, the thesis concludes that Ukrainian lustration laws adopted after Euromaidan were some of the most extensive ones in the region of post-communist Europe. Nevertheless, their implementation fell short of meeting most of their goals. In the third part, the thesis concludes that the laws might be spared constitutional review, but they are likely to face a negative scrutiny before the European Court of Human Rights.
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Lustration as a tool of political differentiaton in Czechoslovakia. Discourse analysis
Jírů, Veronika ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Šafařík, Petr (referee)
The topic of this piece of work is lustrations in Czechoslovakia, or more precisely a discourse on this issue, which was carried on the ground of the Federal Assembly (FS) of the Czechoslovak Federal Republic (CSFR) in 1991. The piece of work combines methods of a discourse analysis and an analysis of the political and historical background, where the discussion unfolded. The bases for the analysis are the stenographic entries of the FS of Czechoslovakia from January to August 1991, the period from the start of negotiations of the lustrations of the deputies of FS themselves, up until the adoption of the lustration law. For the purpose of conducting a detailed study, a narrower corpus was compiled, containing utterances of the main participants of the period. Selection of the participants was conducted according to a key that strives for taking into account the partisan, ideological and personal plurality of opinions of the former Federal Assembly. The aim of this piece of work is to document in compliance with the particular utterances both the development, or more precisely the emergence of the discourse of this issue, and the nascent of the political identities, which at that time (not only) due to the lustrations, were constituted.
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