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Development of methods for analysys road safety barriers in terms of dynamic effects
Koudelka, Ivan ; Krejsa,, Martin (referee) ; prof. Ing. Alois Materna, CSc., MBA (referee) ; Salajka, Vlastislav (advisor)
The presented work analyses the methodology and approach of the legislation. It presents in the press presented results of numerical modelling of the impact of vehicles crashed into barriers that are being solved in the Czech Republic and worldwide. It presents a recommendation of a methodology for assessing crash barriers. The methodology follows the basic principles used in the TP 101 and EN 1991-1-1. The kinetic energy of the vehicle at the moment of impact is replaced with substitute static force, whose effects are comparable with those of a vehicle collision. The supporting structure of crash barriers is implemented in compliance with means of statics. The calculation includes the vehicle deformation, which represents the real distribution of the energy absorbed by the deformation of the vehicle and the energy that crash barriers need to absorb. The proposed methods allow to take into account non-linear behaviour of the structure both in terms of geometry and in terms of material nonlinearity. The work also deals with the interpretation of various types of support structures in the computational model. A specific case is used for a demonstration of a way of modelling the elastic supporting column of crash barriers in the soil, or modelling the friction of a loose concrete block over the surface. To ensure the proper position of interconnected loose blocks corresponding to the reality, a method of modelling the place of a possible contact of the breakthrough is drafted. A significant contribution to the more accurate calculation is achieved by sequential increase of the load on the construction by using load increment and measurement of energy increases absorbed by the deformation in each step. The presented methodology is an effective tool to assess crash barriers. For the application of this tool, using common resources and facilities available to almost every designer dealing with statics of structures is sufficient. In conclusion, the knowledge obtained fr
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In Space
Blatná, Hana ; Vítková, Lenka (referee) ; Klímová, Barbora (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis is a series of fourteen drawings created exclusively using graphite. The drawings reflect a subjective view of the universe, inspired by archaic interpretations of planets and universe solids, conspiracy theories, black and white images of textures, surfaces, rocks and meteorites captured by modern technology. The drawings are an attempt to express hidden inner motives, personal mythology, the energy of the landscape, the relationship to nature. The paper is a parallel to the sky, a projection surface on which dreamy cosmic landscapes penetrate in imprints, geometric shapes and using perspective.
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Crash-Test Data Analysis - Side Impacts
Tillhonová, Veronika ; Ptáček, Petr (referee) ; Bradáč, Albert (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with crash tests. Many international organizations specialize directly in conducting crash tests. Impact test simulates vehicle collision. The three most common test are front, side, and backstreets. The diploma thesis focuses on side conflicts. Side clashes are characterized by the fact that the first vehicle is damaged at the front and the second in the side. The measured data from these tests was evaluated to obtain the deformation energy consumed for permanent damage to vehicles. Deformation energy was calculated as equivalent to the individual speed of individual vehicles. EES values have been evaluated by various methods used in expert practice and compared. The impact tests were simulated to clarify assistance to experts in the analysis of traffic accidents.
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Architecture of the extreme
Válek, Ondřej ; Albert, Novák (referee) ; Kaftan, Martin (advisor)
"The need to get food, build a camp resistant to storms and torrents drove us all to work. The leader worked together with us, but did not make the conditions easier for us. On the contrary, the order to use in the construction on the site of tree boards, which we had to cut down and process in the thickets, meant a new piece of work. Sometimes, tired of remorse, I remembered home, especially when the still rain and gloomy sky discouraged us newcomers. However, what kept me going and pushed me forward was the interest in this Robinsonade and my pride. I didn't show the feelings that were shaking through me at the time. If the others can handle it, I will persevere as well. My nature can't stand me standing last. And this pride helped me overcome femininity. So I remembered my beginnings as scouting and felt a warm joy at the calm awareness of my fitness today. ” _Jiří Wolker: To those to whom I belong //Project goal The main goal of this work coincides with the mission and purpose of the association Junák - Czech Scout, z .: "To support the development of young people's personalities in accordance with the principles and methods of scouting." //Means The means to fulfill the main goal is to build a scout camp in which children are involved. Specifically, 25 boys aged 7-15 who are members of the 14th Regulus Líšeň section. Together with 10 other leaders, they go to the "Hodíškov" camp every year, where they spend the first 14 days of the summer holidays. The construction of the camp is preceded by a design, which is the subject of this work.
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Physical and Mathematical modelling of Chimney Demolition
Ficker, Tomáš ; Keršner, Zbyněk (referee) ; Frantík, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with physical and numerical modelling of downsized model of chimney and its demolition. The properties of downsized physical model, which is made of wooden cubes, are being researched and experimentally tested. The physical experiments are then designed using software FyDiK. Numerical Model is simplified to 2D problem, whereas the problem includes dynamic effects. Conformity of designed software model and physical experiment is tested. The aim of this thesis is to achive the best possible conformity of physical and numerical models.
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Side collisions of vehicles at an angle of 8° at different speeds
Praus, Tomáš ; Bradáč, Albert (referee) ; Rábek, Vlastimil (advisor)
The diploma thesis deals with the problem of speed determination during tangent collisions of two vehicles. The theoretical part describes the available literature and the preparation of an expert experiment. The practical part describes the experiment itself. Its results are processed and compared with the literature in the theoretical part. The aim of work is to extend knowledge about tangent collisions and reduce the error rate in determining crash in the expert analysis or claims in insurance companies.
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STIFFNESS ANALYSIS OF FRONT PART OF THE VEHICLE
Coufal, Tomáš ; Kovanda, Jan (referee) ; Kohút,, Pavol (referee) ; Vémola, Aleš (advisor)
The thesis deals with the front part stiffness of modern vehicles, especially for the use in the field of forensic engineering in the traffic accident analysis. During the traffic accident analysis, an inquiry into the collision between vehicles is carried out which is an integral part of determining the energy loss of the vehicle at the impact, or more precisely the deformation energy expressed in the form of Energy Equivalent Speed (EES). In case of known stiffness of given part of the vehicle and based on the depth of deformation, it is possible to calculate the deformation energy, or more precisely EES corresponding with given damage of the vehicle. In the field of forensic engineering, the values of stiffness of individual vehicle components are not known and therefore, alternative methods are used to calculate the EES, they are outlined in the research part of this dissertation. However, the current methods of EES determination have some limitations when it comes to usability, and therefore, new EES calculation for the front part of the vehicle was designed in the research. It was based on the real crash test results using real stiffness characteristics of the front part of a vehicle. The front part of the vehicle is divided into individual areas and each of these parts is characterised by its own stiffness coefficient. The designed EES calculation can thus be also used for collisions with partial overlapping, taking into account the real stiffness of the damaged part of the vehicle, which was not possible with existing methods. In the research part of this dissertation, a computer programme to calculate deformation energy and EES was processed. It works with individual stiffness characteristics in given areas where the input data are entered by the user and include the depth of permanent front part deformation in individual areas, vehicle weight, the direction of an impact force and the friction coefficient on the contact surface. Considering the fact that the vehicle stiffness is also one of the control parameters at solving collisions in the PC-Crash simulation programme, which is used in forensic engineering practice for the analysis of a collision process, a supplementary computer programme was designed. Based on the above-mentioned input data, the supplementary programme can further calculate data for collision solving in the simulation programme, namely stiffness, restitution coefficient and the vehicle damage stated in the output report of the simulation programme. Based on these data, the expert thus has the opportunity to solve the collision of two vehicles in the simulation programme with as much preciseness as if it was a real collision.
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Motor vehicle accident analysis
Vičík, Petr ; Ambróz, Richard (referee) ; Laurinec, Marián (advisor)
This thesis deals with a comprehensive view of traffic accident enquiry. There are analysed each step of this investigation, starting with evidence gathering (measurements, photography, ect). Further, there are view of clue, damage and personal injury. Thesis shows commonest analysis and reconstructions methods and calculations and specials types of accident (collision with passenger, trucks crash, motorcycles crash). For better understanding, there are mentioned basic principals of physics and problems of forensic engineering.
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Vliv aktivních bezpečnostních prvků na dopravu
Chmelíček, Patrik
The bachelor’s thesis deals with influence of active safety features on traffic. It describes their current condition and specifies technological possibilities of the features given the current trends in this branch and presents their use in agricultural machinery. Emphasis is placed mainly on modern assistive systems such as blind spot monitoring, emergency braking etc, lane keeping assistence etc. Second part of the thesis pursues sorting and analysis of the accident rate in Czech republic, European union and giving comparison to a countries from a different parts of the world, such as United states or Kazachstan. This research is followed by potential capability of active safety systems to reduce those accidents. Based on theese data, effectivity of active car safety features given economical aspects in traffic is judged.
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Information of the population and employees of Temelín NPP on evacuation in case of a radiation emergency
RYBÁK, Tomáš
The aim of the thesis was to compare the awareness of employees of the Temelín nuclear power plant and the general public about evacuation in the event of a radiation emergency. For this purpose, a questionnaire survey was carried out. Questionnaires were distributed and filled out using an internet tool for creating questionnaires at survio.com stands. The theoretical part of the work is focused on the Temelín nuclear power plant, its geographical location and technical description. The work is also focused on the radiation safety of nuclear power plants, their workers and residents against radiation. In the theoretical part, selected accidents of the Jaslovské Bohunice, Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear power plants are further described. For the purposes of the practical part, the same questionnaire was created for the employees of the Temelín nuclear power plant and the general public. The questionnaire is composed of 34 questions. The first 4 questions serve to divide the respondents, and the remaining questions determine the awareness of the respondents about evacuation in the event of a radiation emergency. A total of 100 respondents took part in the survey - 50 employees of the Temelín nuclear power plant (50%) and 50 respondents from the general public (50%). The survey results were evaluated using the internet tool survio.com and the Microsoft Excel software program. The aim of the thesis was to compare the awareness of the general public and employees of the Temelín nuclear power plant about evacuation in the event of a radiation emergency. From the questionnaire survey, it is evident that the level of awareness of the employees of the Temelín nuclear power plant reaches 86%, and the general public only 68%. The result shows that employees are better and more informed than the lay public. Based on this investigation, I would recommend informing the public more about evacuation options in the event of a radiation emergency.
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