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Influence of early and late drought on grain proteins content and composition in early and late variety of wheat
Vojteková, Vanesa ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis, the influence of early and late drought on grain protein content and composition in an early and late variety of winter wheat was studied. The varieties used were Avenue and Tobacco.One part of the plants was cultured under the conditions of early drought (bloom season), another part was grown under the conditions of late drought (grain filling season), the last part was grown under the conditions of natural irrigation. Half of the plants were fertilized using nitrogen fertilizer (200 kg N/ha), the second half of plants were without nitrogen fertilizer (0 kg N/ha). Wet gluten, crude protein content, gliadin and glutenin content were determined from flour samples. Results were evaluated by analysis of variance. Drought resistance depends on the genotype. Tobak genotype is more tolerant to climatic conditions, but the drought had a more significant effect on gliadin and glutenin ratio than on the Avenue genotype. Late drought increased wet gluten content in both genotypes and both types of fertilization. On the other hand, the early drought did not affect wet gluten content. Early drought decreased gliadin content, with the exception of Avenue genotype without fertilization. Early drought also increased glutenin content. Late drought increased glutenin content only in the unfertilized variant. Early drought increased glutenin content which leads to decreased gliadin content, especially for nitrogen fertilization. Late drought caused a decrease of gliadin and glutenin ratio, except for Tobak genotype with fertilization. Late drought increased crude protein content, except for Tobak genotype without fertilization. Early drought decreased crude protein content, especially for the unfertilized variant.
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Influence of increased carbon dioxide concentration on grain protein composition in early and late wheat variety
Smrčková, Kamila ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the effect of increased CO2 concentration (700 ppm) on the content and composition of wheat grain proteins in early (Avenue) and late (Tobak) wheat varieties. Three methods were used to determine the proteins in wheat grain: the Kjeldahl determination of crude protein content, the determination of wet gluten, and finally the gravimetric determination of gliadins and glutenins after extraction. A different response of the varieties to the increased CO2 concentration was found. The early Avenue variety was much more sensitive to the effects of increased CO2 concentrations. The gliadin content decreased, while the glutenin content increased with increasing CO2 concentration. The total gluten protein content increased in elevated CO2 concentration, independently of nitrogen fertilization. Its content correlates in our work with the content of wet gluten.
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Impact of nitrogen fertilization and drought on gliadins content in winter wheat
Odstrčilová, Eva ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this diploma thesis the impacts of both nitrogen fertilization and drought on the content of proteins of the gliadin fraction in case of a winter wheat variety Tiguan were observed. Selected samples were cultivated at two locations in a total duration of two years. Two different conditions were selected: one without the nitrogen fertilization (0 kg N/ ha) and the other with the nitrogen fertilization in 140 kg N/ ha concentration. Second observed factor was the drought which was ensured by roofs above the crops and their cultivation in common climatic environment. Gliadin fraction was separated by the A-PAGE method and the protein quantification carried out by a computer densitometry. Such nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase of gliadins, especially -1,2 and -5 fractions. Stress induced by the drought caused an increase of gliadin content compared to the control sample, particularly in case of - and - fractions. The most important factor influencing the gliadin content in grains was therefore the nitrogen fertilization in a dry environment. The observed increase of gliadin content was lower in case of the sample which was fertilized in a humid environment than in case of the sample which was fertilized in the dry one.
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Influence of early and late drought on grain proteins content and composition in early and late variety of wheat
Vojteková, Vanesa ; Zemanová, Jana (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this bachelor thesis, the influence of early and late drought on grain protein content and composition in an early and late variety of winter wheat was studied. The varieties used were Avenue and Tobacco.One part of the plants was cultured under the conditions of early drought (bloom season), another part was grown under the conditions of late drought (grain filling season), the last part was grown under the conditions of natural irrigation. Half of the plants were fertilized using nitrogen fertilizer (200 kg N/ha), the second half of plants were without nitrogen fertilizer (0 kg N/ha). Wet gluten, crude protein content, gliadin and glutenin content were determined from flour samples. Results were evaluated by analysis of variance. Drought resistance depends on the genotype. Tobak genotype is more tolerant to climatic conditions, but the drought had a more significant effect on gliadin and glutenin ratio than on the Avenue genotype. Late drought increased wet gluten content in both genotypes and both types of fertilization. On the other hand, the early drought did not affect wet gluten content. Early drought decreased gliadin content, with the exception of Avenue genotype without fertilization. Early drought also increased glutenin content. Late drought increased glutenin content only in the unfertilized variant. Early drought increased glutenin content which leads to decreased gliadin content, especially for nitrogen fertilization. Late drought caused a decrease of gliadin and glutenin ratio, except for Tobak genotype with fertilization. Late drought increased crude protein content, except for Tobak genotype without fertilization. Early drought decreased crude protein content, especially for the unfertilized variant.
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Influence of increased carbon dioxide concentration on grain protein composition in early and late wheat variety
Smrčková, Kamila ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the effect of increased CO2 concentration (700 ppm) on the content and composition of wheat grain proteins in early (Avenue) and late (Tobak) wheat varieties. Three methods were used to determine the proteins in wheat grain: the Kjeldahl determination of crude protein content, the determination of wet gluten, and finally the gravimetric determination of gliadins and glutenins after extraction. A different response of the varieties to the increased CO2 concentration was found. The early Avenue variety was much more sensitive to the effects of increased CO2 concentrations. The gliadin content decreased, while the glutenin content increased with increasing CO2 concentration. The total gluten protein content increased in elevated CO2 concentration, independently of nitrogen fertilization. Its content correlates in our work with the content of wet gluten.
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Impact of nitrogen fertilization and drought on gliadins content in winter wheat
Odstrčilová, Eva ; Obruča, Stanislav (referee) ; Hrstka, Miroslav (advisor)
In this diploma thesis the impacts of both nitrogen fertilization and drought on the content of proteins of the gliadin fraction in case of a winter wheat variety Tiguan were observed. Selected samples were cultivated at two locations in a total duration of two years. Two different conditions were selected: one without the nitrogen fertilization (0 kg N/ ha) and the other with the nitrogen fertilization in 140 kg N/ ha concentration. Second observed factor was the drought which was ensured by roofs above the crops and their cultivation in common climatic environment. Gliadin fraction was separated by the A-PAGE method and the protein quantification carried out by a computer densitometry. Such nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase of gliadins, especially -1,2 and -5 fractions. Stress induced by the drought caused an increase of gliadin content compared to the control sample, particularly in case of - and - fractions. The most important factor influencing the gliadin content in grains was therefore the nitrogen fertilization in a dry environment. The observed increase of gliadin content was lower in case of the sample which was fertilized in a humid environment than in case of the sample which was fertilized in the dry one.
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