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Engineering solutions for mitigation of climate change - methods applicable at the source of greenhouse gases
Remeková, Valentína ; Jedelský, Jan (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
This work aimed to produce a research study on the topic of engineering solutions designed to mitigate climate change and which are applicable at the source of greenhouse gases. The first part outlines the fundamental matters of climate change. The second part focuses on technologies CCS (Carbon capture and storage) which capture and sequester carbon dioxide and possible options for separating CO2 from flue gases. The third chapter describes technologies CCU (Carbon capture and utilization) that use captured carbon as a product for further use. The future of these technologies and other abatement methods are addressed in the following section. The financial aspects of solutions for climate change mitigation are discussed in chapter five. The last part summarizes the main advantages, disadvantages, findings, and limitations of research.
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Utilization of carbon dioxide in power engineering
Svoboda, Kryštof ; Sitek, Tomáš (referee) ; Špiláček, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the use of carbon dioxide as a source of energy in the form of carbonaceous fuels. The first part describes the possibilities of carbon dioxide capture and its subsequent storage. The second part is dedicated to the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonaceous fuels. In the third and final part of the thesis, these fuels are then evaluated for their utilization and compared with commonly used fuels.
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Methods and prospects of CCS from emissions of energy sources in ČR
Pulkrábek, Jan ; Přibil, Rudolf (advisor) ; Hovorka, Jan (referee)
With increasing frequency of problems caused by global climate change, the scientific community trying to find possible solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. One of the possible solutions of this problem is considered the system of separation, transportation and long-term storage of C02, called CCS - Carbon Capture and Storage. This work is a literature review issues of CCS in order to determine the possible use of CCS in the Czech republic. There is a basic system description of CCS, the possible environmental risks associated with it, and finall summarize of the prospects of deployment CCS technology in Czech republic.
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Engineering solutions for mitigation of climate change - methods applicable at the source of greenhouse gases
Remeková, Valentína ; Jedelský, Jan (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
This work aimed to produce a research study on the topic of engineering solutions designed to mitigate climate change and which are applicable at the source of greenhouse gases. The first part outlines the fundamental matters of climate change. The second part focuses on technologies CCS (Carbon capture and storage) which capture and sequester carbon dioxide and possible options for separating CO2 from flue gases. The third chapter describes technologies CCU (Carbon capture and utilization) that use captured carbon as a product for further use. The future of these technologies and other abatement methods are addressed in the following section. The financial aspects of solutions for climate change mitigation are discussed in chapter five. The last part summarizes the main advantages, disadvantages, findings, and limitations of research.
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Utilization of carbon dioxide in power engineering
Svoboda, Kryštof ; Sitek, Tomáš (referee) ; Špiláček, Michal (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the use of carbon dioxide as a source of energy in the form of carbonaceous fuels. The first part describes the possibilities of carbon dioxide capture and its subsequent storage. The second part is dedicated to the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonaceous fuels. In the third and final part of the thesis, these fuels are then evaluated for their utilization and compared with commonly used fuels.
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Investigation of droplet nucleation in CCS relevant systems – design and testing of the expansion chamber
Čenský, Miroslav ; Hrubý, Jan ; Vinš, Václav ; Hykl, Jiří ; Šmíd, Bohuslav
A unique in-house designed experimental apparatus for investigation of nucleation of droplets in CCS relevant systems is being developed by the present team. The apparatus allows simulating various processes relevant to CCS technologies. Gaseous mixtures with CO2 are prepared in a Mixture Preparation\nDevice (MPD) based on accurate adjustment of flow rates of individual components [EPJ Web of Conferences 143, 02140 (2017)]. The mixture then flows into an expansion chamber, where it undergoes a rapid adiabatic expansion. As a consequence of adiabatic cooling, the mixture becomes supersaturated and nucleation and simultaneous growth of droplets occurs. In this study, we describe the design and testing of the expansion part of the experimental setup. The rapid expansion was realized using two valve systems, one for low pressures (up to 0.7 MPa) and the other for high pressures (up to 10 MPa). A challenge for a proper design of the expansion system is avoiding acoustic oscillations. These can occur either in the mode of Helmholtz resonator, where the compressible gas in the chamber acts as a spring and the rapidly moving\ngas in the valve system as a mass, or in the “flute” mode, where acoustic waves are generated in a long outlet tubing.\n
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Methods and prospects of CCS from emissions of energy sources in ČR
Pulkrábek, Jan ; Hovorka, Jan (referee) ; Přibil, Rudolf (advisor)
With increasing frequency of problems caused by global climate change, the scientific community trying to find possible solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. One of the possible solutions of this problem is considered the system of separation, transportation and long-term storage of C02, called CCS - Carbon Capture and Storage. This work is a literature review issues of CCS in order to determine the possible use of CCS in the Czech republic. There is a basic system description of CCS, the possible environmental risks associated with it, and finall summarize of the prospects of deployment CCS technology in Czech republic.
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Investigation of droplet nucleation in CCS relevant systems – Design and testing of a CO2 branch of the mixture preparation device.
Vinš, Václav ; Čenský, Miroslav ; Hykl, Jiří ; Hrubý, Jan
A unique in-house designed experimental apparatus for investigation of nucleation of droplets in CCS relevant systems is being developed by our team. The nucleation is measured with the help of a rapid pressure drop within an expansion chamber. In this study, a CO2 branch representing an important part of the mixture preparation device (MPD) was designed, assembled and tested. MPD is intended for preparation of CO2-rich mixtures in a sense of accurate setting of flow rates of individual gaseous components through the experimental section with the expansion chamber. In the CO2 branch, the saturated liquid CO2 is pressurized by a supercritical pump to the pressures of up to 340 bar. The required mass flow of the supercritical CO2 is accurately tuned with a help of a set of stainless steel capillary tubes. Needed lengths of the capillary tubes were determined with a help of a one-dimensional numerical model allowing prediction of both isothermal and adiabatic flow conditions.
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Carbon Capture and Storage Technology in Energy Industry
Šulcová, Anna ; Melichar, Jan (advisor) ; Dvořák, Antonín (referee)
Given the growing worldwide interest in fossil fuels on one hand and mitigation of climate change on the other hand, it is necessary to research into new technologies as Carbon Capture and Storage. This technology became a matter of interest as an option to diminish greenhouse gas emissions of power plants. It is essential to find out about the costs of Carbon Capture and Storage and expected future costs of power plants with CCS. Impact of this techology is not only in the sphere of capital and operational costs, but it also influences power plant efficiency and fuel consumption in negative way. Analysis of reductions in the costs of this technology as a result of learning-by-doing is observed on Experience Curves. This study observes influence of CCS on costs of mainly PC, IGCC and NGCC type of power plant. CCS technology has positive impact not only on environment, but it is possible to assess Enhanced Oil, Methane or Gas Recovery, which can partly offset costs of this technology.
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