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Composition of Municipal Waste
Straka, David ; Musilová, Petra (referee) ; Elbl, Patrik (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the composition of municipal and mixed municipal waste. Introduction of the research part deals with the composition and properties of waste. In the next section, the waste is considered as fuel and compared with conventional solid fuels. The conculusion of the research part is devoted to the research of the waste composition from selected incinerators adn foreign countries. The compulational part of the thesis deals with the determation of energy properties of the waste.
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Mechanical-biological waste treatment techniques
Wildová, Kristýna ; Gregor, Jiří (referee) ; Kropáč, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis focuses on description of various possibilities of municipal waste treatment in czech waste management system, focusing on potential realisation of mechanical-biological treatment of waste (MBT) in our area. Data analysis of foreign MBT units is included in the thesis, based on this analysis three different model layouts of technology were specified. The findings from foreign MBT units are then being used to creation and setting of a calculation tool, which is the main result of this thesis. The tool is based on residual waste composition and production data and it is able to estimate attainable production and presumptive parameters of MBT technology products.
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Sludge disposal from wastewater treatment plants in case of transport and sludge incineration
Petříčková, Alena ; Šomplák, Radovan (referee) ; Frýba, Lukáš (advisor)
The bachelor´s thesis in theoretical part deals with the disposal of sludge with respect to legislation, method of sludge treatment and drying technologies. This part is also dedicated to traffic connected with sludge. The practical part includes the calculation of combustion heat and calorific value. This section is also deals with summarization production of sludge and sludge treatment, analysis of these data. This part also includes an overview of the mass flow of sludge across the Czech Republic at locations with extended powers.
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The Effect of Biomass Storage on the Fuels Parameters
Zlevorová, Tereza ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
This thesis investigates the effect of storage on the basic properties of fuel. The first part summarises basic knowledge of biomass, its properties, storage methods and related problems. This is followed by an experimental part, which aims to investigate predicted decrease in the calorific value and volatile matter of materials due to spreading degradation. The experiment is based on repeated measuring of the properties of samples stored for thirteen weeks at three different temperatures and moistures. The results are graphs that show a decreasing trend in most cases. They also show differences in the extent and rate of degradation depending on the type of material and the ambient conditions.
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Heating of houses with solid fuels
Gerát, Mário ; Poláčik, Ján (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with the ways of heating houses with solid fuels. In the first chapter is visualized preview of solid fuels suitable for application in family houses, properties of solid fuels, their structure and modifiaction to proper form for heating. In the second chapter is preview of solid fuel heating techonologies for family houses, their division, principle of operation, advantages and disadvantages of each technology. In the last chaper is economical assessment and comparison of chosen types of comustion devices aplicated on standard house, integration of devices and their operation costs.
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Feasibity study of biofuels sources
Zemach, Vít ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
Technical-economical study of biofuel cultivation is the topic of this diploma thesis. This is a study that includes the technology of growing biomass and its subsequent treatment. Part of the work is an economic and sensitivity analysis, which aims to determine the price of produced biomass. This work focuses on herbal biofuels and their comparison with other types of fuels.
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Energy utilization of sewage sludge
Poláková, Annamária ; Ferdan, Tomáš (referee) ; Frýba, Lukáš (advisor)
This bachelor’s work discusses the origin and composition of the sludge. The composition of sludge is given by legislation, as well as its treatment and processing. Sludge shall be adjusted in order to be used on agricultural land, landfilled, incinerated, etc. The sludge processes are described further in this work. Sludge disposal options are varied, but not everywhere equally represented. This is represented in chapter where treatment of sludge in Czech Republic and abroad are compared, illustrated in chats. The most extensive and most common method of disposal of sludge is application on the ground and burning. Usable energy is obtained by burning the sludge.
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Burning pellets from non-wood biomass in boilers II
Linda, Matúš ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Zejda, Vojtěch (advisor)
Bachelor thesis is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter deals with issue of combustion of agropellets in boilers. This section specifies types of pellets, their production and problems of combustion in boilers associated with formation of emissions. The second chapter specifies valid legislation and emissions limits. The third chapter describes fuel analysis of agropellets samples. This includes an analysis in order to determine the properties and chemical composition of agropellets resulting in determination of gross heat and calorific value. The fourth chapter evaluates agropellets influence on boilers and emissions creation on the basis of data and knowledge. The results are compared with data of other commonly used solid fuel found in literature sources.
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Co-incineration sewage sludge in the existing plant
Krejčí, Tomáš ; Ferdan, Tomáš (referee) ; Frýba, Lukáš (advisor)
This thesis focuses on problems with co-incineration of sewage sludge in existing plants. The introduction of my thesis deals with a brief summary of a sludge management, sludge treatment methods and subsequent utilizations methods used for sledge disposal. Next chapter contains a calculation of calorific value, depending on the water content and volatile substances in dry solids of the sludge, it offers an overview of devices applicable for thermal processing of sludge and a description of the co-incineration in existing plants. The seventh chapter is devoted to the legislative parameters which influence the ways of dealing with sewage sludge. After the thermal treatment of sludge it is necessary to decontaminate flue gases of harmful substances resulting from incineration process, thus following there is a description of the most important devices used for its elimination or its reduction. My work ends with a search of methods dealing with the thermal sludge utilization in foreign countries.
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Sledování vybraných parametrů čistírenského kalu
Hirschová, Linda
This thesis deals with the evaluation and characterization of sludge parameters relevant to the drying process and subsequent energy recovery. The main parameters monitored are the dry matter of the sludge, the loss on ignition, the calorific value of the primary, thickened and dewatered sludge. Marginally, the paper also deals with the evaluation of pH, conductivity and oxidation-reduction potential. In particular, the characteristic of dewatered sludge entering the drying process is central. The dry matter of the dewatered sludge ranged from 13.5 to 25.7 %. The measured values of the calorific calorific value of the dewatered sludge ranged from 10.2 to 17.9 MJ∙kg-1, an assessment observed a dependency between the loss on ignition and the calorific value of the sludge. The impact of thickening (gravitational, mechanical) and stabilization (aerobic, anaerobic) sludge technology is taken into account in the evaluation. Part of the thesis deals with statistical evaluation of the effects of seasonality on monitored parameters.
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