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Temporal changes in bird communities at the landscape level in Třeboň basin
Havelka, Jan ; Sedláček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Reif, Jiří (referee)
Population trends of birds are usually studied mainly on large national and continental scales or, on the contrary, quite locally. In an attempt to link these spatial scales, we repeated a quantitative survey of bird communities in the Třeboň Protected Area twenty years later (between 2001 and 2021). Bird counts were conducted during the breeding season on a fifty- kilometre transect (128 count points) intersecting a diverse range of habitats. We found declines in long-distance migrants and insectivorous birds compared to more stable or slightly increasing populations of resident species. Consistent with known trends, we also observed declines in populations of species tied to agricultural landscapes. Deviations from the well described trends by JPSP and PECBMS relate more to individual species characteristics. For example, we observed increases in populations of otherwise declining House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) and Field Sparrow (Passer montanus), or nationally stable Eurasian Siskin (Spinus spinus). Using detailed mapping of habitat and vegetation changes and other ecological characteristics of individual species, we have attempted to explain these general and site-specific changes in bird abundance and population trends. We were also interested in the manifestations of the generally...
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Vývoj regionálních disparit České republiky v období 2007-2016
Košárková, Petra
The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to evaluate the level of regional disparities in the Czech Republic in the period 2007-2016. Specifically, the bachelor thesis is focused on czech regions. The theoretical part deals with the issue of regional disparities with the outline of their solutions. For the purpose of the thesis, the point method is chosen in the practical part, which formulates the individual order of the regions based on the index of economic disparities. In order to determine the degree of convergence of individual regions over time, the thesis also uses the coefficient of variation of economic disparities indices. The best rated region is Jihomoravský, Ústecký is the worst. In czech regions, there was considerable convergence only in 2008-2001, this convergence could have been affected by the economic crisis.
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Bird Communities Along the Altitudinal Gradient on Mt. Cameroon: Perspectives from Mist Nets
Petruf, Miroslav ; Sedláček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Lučan, Radek (referee)
in English Mt. Cameroon is a hotspot of diversity and endemism in Africa. Recent research of avian bird communities along the elevational gradient on Mt. Cameroon based on point counts has shown low-elevation plateau of species richness. At the same time, range-restricted montane populations of birds on Mt. Cameroon are unusually abundant if compared to lowland species. I analysed data on community composition, species richness and abundance of birds using an alternative quantitative method - 200 m of understory mist nets erected for three consecutive days across seven elevational plots along the forested gradient of the Mt. Cameroon. First, I looked at the technical limits of this method and confirmed the general opinion that they are better at detecting small birds below 33 g, and that they mostly detected fewer individuals after the first day and always detected fewer new species after the first day of mist-netting. Mist nets detected high proportions of ground-feeding and understory birds and low proportions of birds foraging in higher strata in the lowland forest, which has a scarce understory and a dense canopy. Mist nets recorded similar proportions of birds foraging in all forest strata in the vastly open mid-elevation forest, which has a dense herbaceous understory. They detected higher...
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Vliv dřevinné skladby a stáří lesních porostů na složení hnízdních ornitocenóz
Neoralová, Kateřina
This thesis evaluates the influence of selected stand characteristics of deciduous forest on the composition of nesting ornithocenosis. Especially the influence of the composition of forest stand age and structure and abundance of cavity trees. Using the point counting method, composition of nesting birds has been found on 50 census points located systematically in the stands of different ages and with different tree composition (mainly various presence of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and oak (Quercus spp.)). There were 1119 birds in total belonging to 38 species. It turned out that the presence of oak in vegetation affects the numbers of Finches, Great Spotted Woodpeckers, Blue Tits, Blackbirds, Golden Orioles, Cuckoos and Wood Pigeons. Presence of beech in forests affected some bird species with the opposite trend to the presence of oak in most cases. The number of species and individuals and diversity of bird communities at the census points increased with increasing presence of oak and decreased with the presence of beech. Stand age and spatial structure appeared to be an important factor in the occurrence of some bird species. The highest number of species has been recorded in the old stands. Cavity trees appeared primarily in old forests and had an impact on the presence of the Collared Flycatcher, Nuthatch, Chiffchaff and Willow Warbler. Generally, diversity and the number of species and individuals increased with the number of cavity trees. Nesting densities were calculated. Birds with the highest brood densities were Chaffinch, Great Tit, Nuthatch, Blue Tit, Chiffchaff and Great Spotted Woodpecker. Decreased abundance of ornithofauna during the nesting season has also been shown.
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The data analysis on perception of quality of life in European cities
Pulcová, Petra ; Jarošová, Eva (advisor) ; Pecáková, Iva (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is about data analysis on perception of quality of life in European cities based on survey, which was made in 2009 by European commission. Theoretical part is focused on explaining the concept of quality of life and basic methods of correlation analysis. At the end is dissertating about some methods for determining order of units by more than one benchmark. Practical part it is focused on correlation analysis, calculation of correlation coefficients and determining order of cities.
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