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The effects of stress on the periphery and in the central nervous system with respect to the role of muscarinic receptors
Vařejková, Eva ; Mysliveček, Jaromír (advisor) ; Kuncová, Jitka (referee) ; Bakoš, Ján (referee)
The aim of our work was to analyse the role of muscarinic M2 receptors (M2MRs) in the organism at rest and under stress. In the experiments, changes in animals with expressed M2MRs are compared with M2KO animals who lack these receptors. The heart rate (HR) is determined by the level of the sympathetic and parasympathetic tones, the resulting HR is being the interaction of adrenergic and cholinergic receptors, which are among the receptors attached to G proteins. Their activity is influenced by structures of the autonomic nervous system with the highest centers with integrative function in the hypothalamus. The organism responds to the absence of M2MRs by decreasing the number of adrenergic receptors; heart rate in resting conditions does not change significantly. However, in restraint stress, there are differences both during the stress response and in the post-stress period (more pronounced and prolonged tachycardia). The treatment with carbachol (MR agonist) in M2KO animals induced tachycardia, strongly suggesting the presence of cardioexcitatory MRs. Ultradian heart rate rhythm is the superstructure of the circadian rhythm controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Autonomous regulation can affect other hypothalamic functions - circadian rhythms, endocrine regulation, thermoregulation,...
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The shift work like one those factors which affect nurser's and paramedics's the quality of life who work in intensive care of hospital facility
Kučera, David ; Jirkovský, Daniel (advisor) ; Haluzíková, Jana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis: Shift operation as one of the factors influencing the quality of life of nurses and paramedics working in intensive care in a healthcare facility was to find out whether and to what extent shift performance affects the quality of sleep respondents and how the mentioned quality of sleep reflected in the overall quality of life of the survey participants. The bachelor thesis has a traditional structure. The theoretical part of the thesis contains a selection of knowledge related to the solved issue. Brief attention is paid to biorhythms, sleep, characteristics of shift operation, workload, stress, fatigue, etc. In the empirical part of the bachelor thesis are presented information about their own research and its main results. The survey was carried out in the form of a questionnaire (the questionnaire consisted of three standardized questionnaires supplemented by anamnestic social demographic data of the respondents). Questionnaires were submitted in three Prague hospitals. The sample examined had 114 respondents. The results of the survey are presented in large tabular overviews supplemented by commentary. The chapter discusses the results of their own work in relation to the previously established hypotheses and presents the results of 425 statistical analyzes. In...
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Irregular working hours members of the IZS and their impact on quality of life
KREJČÍ, Ondřej
This bachelor paper describes influence of irregular working time on human organism and psychic as well as on the quality of life as such. This work focuses on the members of the integrated rescue system. Such people are exposed to enormous mental as well as physical ballast during their shifts. Therefore, this thesis deals with basic, topic related terms such as ballast and stress, biorhythms, sleep, sleeping disorders and specifics of work of integrated rescue system members. This paper sets its goal in finding out if and how the irregular working time, especially in case of the night shifts, effects members of the integrated rescue system with regard to some of their life spheres and whether such disbalance affects quality of life. A questionnaire served as the key data collecting method.
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Motion mode and circadian typology of urban children in primary school (Research in Strakonice)
DUNOVSKÁ, Klára
The presented thesis explores exercise regimen, circadian rhythms and eating habits of young children living in an urban area. In the theoretical part the thesis deals with the importance of sleeping mode and its impact on the mental and physical balance together with the specificity of this age group in relation to their mental and physical condition. The research section assesses the results of the survey using quantitative questionnaires ?CIP? (Harada, KREJČÍ 2010) and ?Time day Snaphot? of primary school children. One hundred and thirteen questionnaires of primary school children in the age of ten who attend basic schools in Strakonice were processed in total. The result shows violation of sleeping habits. Most of the children are early birds and the total amout of their physical exercise is satisfactory.
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Exercise regime and cirkadian typology of urban younger school-aged children in the city of Pilsen.
HRABOVSKÁ, Aneta
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse physical activities and circadian rhythms of children from primary schools in Pilsen. The theoretical part of this work deals with definition of basic terms like characteristics of primary school children, their day regimen, lifestyle and a significance of physical activities in this age category. In the research part of this thesis I use ?The questionnaire of life rhythms and sleeping regime of children of age 9 ? 15.? (Krejčí, Harada, 2010) and ?The timeline of the day? (Bártová, Muţík, 2010), which captures the process, the content and the rate of physical activities during a weekday and one weekend day. The advantage of questionnaire method is a possibility of gaining a high amount of data, which give us enough information about circadian rhythms' hygiene, sleeping regime, nutrition, physical activities, etc. My research assemblage consists of materials about 50 children (25 girls, 25 boys) of age 9 - 11 from a primary school in Pilsen. All of them are healthy children with no physical disabilities. The results of this work should lead to an increase in experts' attention as well as in parents' and public attention. Right eating habits and enough of physical activities are being neglected during contemporary post-modern fast-moving times and experts rather focus on consequences of the unhealthy lifestyle. At the end of my thesis I will evaluate the structure of everyday physical activities of city children from the primary school using the acquired information. Based on the ascertained results I can deduce a general recommendation for the pedagogical practice.
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Body Weight Changes during the Year Depending on the Circadian Typology near the adolescent
BERANOVÁ, Kateřina
This diploma thesis deals with changes in body weight during the year depending on circadian typology of adolescent girls. The theoretical part focuses on the specification of the development period of adolescence, body weight, biorhythms and sleep. The research is particularly concerned with oscillation of body weight during the adolescent girls period of one calendar year depending on the influence of different seasons. A partial survey of the research subject is the relationship between BMI and individual chronotype. Specifically, it was examined whether chronotype Lark lower average BMI during the period of one calendar year than the owl chronotype. The research section provides further knowledge on the composition and eating chronotype, and in terms of rationality and regularity of catering. One of the subjects of the thesis is also chronotype influence the dietary habits of individuals, namely their unsuitability.
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Comparation of circadian rhytms in teenagers at a comprehensive school and a specialized vocational school
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Lenka
BACKGROUND:The aim of this thesis is to monitor from a professional point of view the area of health, healthy lifestyle, circadian rhythms, eating habits and free time activities in teenagers of today. Main focus is put on the sleeping regime which has enormous effect on behaviour and health of individuals and is closely connected to other biological rhythms. OBJECTIVE: The thesis aims to compare students at two different types of school, to give guidance in the area of health education during the process of form-filling as well as contribute to the formation of the students with regard to health, mental, physical and social sphere. Another purpose of this thesis is also to monitor health habits of this age group and possibly those of their families. METHOD: The method applied for the research was a set of questionnaires. Total number of respondents was 40 students of a comprehensive school and 40 students of a specialized vocational school in the age span between 15 to 17 years of age. Presentation of the study field "Health education" was given due to the students´ interest and space was given to their questions. Health education exists and is practically implemented in both types of schools. RESULT: Comparation between the two schools proved there are significant differences in sleeping regimes, eating or spending free time. Also it has been proven that most respondents suffer from lack of sleep and tend to shift sleep to later hours. CONCLUSION: Students were found to have serious violations of healthy habits including sleeping and eating. More emphasis should be put on teaching young people about the importance of adjustment to circadian rhytms and explanation how they would benefit from adhering to the natural rhytms.
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